Rubus swinhoei
| Rubus swinhoei | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Embryophytes |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Rosaceae |
| Genus: | Rubus |
| Species: | R. swinhoei |
| Binomial name | |
| Rubus swinhoei | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Rubus swinhoei, commonly known as Swinhoe's raspberry, wood berry, Keelung rubus, Jingbai rubus, and Libai rubus,[3] is an East Asian species of bramble.
Description
The stem is a semi-evergreen shrub 1 to 4 metres (3+1⁄2 to 13 feet) high. It is dark purple-brown, with gray-white pubescence when young and glabrous when old. The shape of the leaf varies greatly, from lanceolate to broadly ovate, 5 to 11 centimetres (2 to 4+1⁄4 inches) in length and 2.5 to 5 cm (1 to 2 in) in width, with a pointed tip and a shallow cordiform base. Soft hairs run along the veins with the lower surface tomentose or subglabrous. The adaxial surface of the leaf is tomentose, leaf margin ciliate or glabrous, serrated, with 0 to 12 pairs of leaf veins. The petiole is 0.5 to 1.5 cm (1⁄4 to 1⁄2 in) in length, with purple-brown glandular hairs and a sparse spine with tomentum.[3]
The flower buds are hairy and serrated, ovate or triangular sepals, 0.5–0.8 cm (1⁄4–3⁄8 in) long with gray-white hair, pointed apex, and margins entire. From May to June, racemes of 5 to 6 flowers are borne. The stalks and sepals are 0.1 to 0.3 cm (1⁄16 to 1⁄8 in) long, with purple-brown glandular hairs. The flowerhead is 1–1.5 cm (3⁄8–5⁄8 in) in diameter, with the slender stalk measuring 1–3 cm long. The flowerhead is reflexed during the fruiting time with ovate to round white, hoary petals. The stamen is mostly glabrous at the base of the filaments and swollen. The pistil is longer than the stamens. The ovary is glabrous. The fruiting period is from July to August. The spherical fruit measures 1–1.5 cm across and is composed of glabrous drupes that turn from red-green-purple to black-purple when ripe. The fruit core has a wrinkled texture with a sour taste.[3]
Taxonomy
The specimen was first collected in April 1864 in Tamsui, Taiwan, by R. Oldham, a British collector, collection number 142. The holotype specimen is kept in London’s Natural History Museum. Henry Fletcher Hance first published the scientific name in the Annales des Sciences Naturelles botanical journal, in 1866.[4]
The species is named after naturalist Robert Swinhoe (1836–1877) for his contributions on Taiwan's fauna and flora.[5]
Distribution and habitat
Rubus swinhoei is native to central and southern China and Taiwan.[2] In northern and central Taiwan it grows in plains, foothills, plains, and mountains from 10 to 900 m (33 to 2,953 ft) in elevation.[6]
Conservation
Red List of Vascular Plants of Taiwan, 2017: No immediate threat.[7]
Uses
The berries are edible.[3]
References
- ↑ "Rubus swinhoei Hance". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- 1 2 "Rubus swinhoei Hance". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
- 1 2 3 4 莊溪. "斯氏懸鉤子". 認識植物 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2023-02-09. Retrieved 2026-06-21.
- ↑ Henry Fletcher, Hance (1866). "Rubus swinhoei Hance". Annales des Sciences Naturelles. 211 (5). Natural History Museum Library, London. Archived from the original on 2023-05-03. Retrieved 2023-05-03.
- ↑ "首選珍藏 : 臺灣自然史研究先驅——斯文豪". 典藏臺灣. 臺灣中央研究院 數位文化中心. Archived from the original on 2021-11-27. Retrieved 2023-05-03.
- ↑ 莊溪. "斯氏懸鉤子". 認識植物. Archived from the original on 2023-02-09. Retrieved 2023-05-03.
- ↑ 臺灣維管束植物紅⽪書名錄編輯委員會, ed. (2017). 2017 臺灣維管束植物紅⽪書名錄. 臺灣. ISBN 978-986-05-5021-4.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)