Pristimantis shrevei
| Pristimantis shrevei | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Clade: | Brachycephaloidea |
| Family: | Craugastoridae |
| Genus: | Pristimantis |
| Species: | P. shrevei |
| Binomial name | |
| Pristimantis shrevei (Schwartz, 1967) | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
The Saint Vincent frog[3] (Pristimantis shrevei) is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the island of Saint Vincent, in the Lesser Antilles.[4]
Etymology
The specific name, shrevei, is in honor of American herpetologist Benjamin Shreve.[5][6]
Distribution and habitat
The Saint Vincent frog is endemic to Saint Vincent, an island in the Lesser Antilles and the largest island of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.[4][3] Its natural habitats are rainforests forest edge, and montane meadows;[1] it has been recorded as high up as the upper reaches of La Soufrière, at close to 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) above sea level.[2] It has been suggested that the Saint Vincent frogs may have previously had a greater presence in lower-elevation areas, and been displaced from them by the introduction of Eleutherodactylus johnstonei to Saint Vincent.[2]
Description
Albert Schwartz gave the snout-vent length for males as 20.8–23.4 mm (0.82–0.92 in) and for females as 23.5–34.2 mm (0.93–1.35 in). [5] The maximum recorded snout-vent length for a male sits at 29 mm (1.1 in), and the maximum for a female at 40.1 mm (1.58 in).[2] Saint Vincent frogs have a high variability when it comes to colour and patterns, but they generally have a rich wood-brown to rich tan dorsum, a dark interocular bar bordering the snout, streaks or dots of brown on a yellowish throat, red sides and red undersides of both the fore- and hindlimbs. Some individuals are patternless whereas others have a broad dark brown scapular "W", while others have various different patterns. The ventral surface is creamy.[5][2]
The frog's primary method of calling is clicking, but on occasion it emits a longer, higher pitched call.[2] The frog issues its calls from the leaves of trees and shrubs.[5] At very high elevations, such as those of La Soufrière, the frog's calls have a somewhat lower pitch, theorized to be due to lower body temperatures caused by the colder high-altitude environment.[2]
Conservation status
The Saint Vincent frog is threatened by habitat loss caused by urbanization, tourism development, and agriculture, and is listed as an endangered species.[1]
References
- 1 2 3 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2021). "Pristimantis shrevei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T56961A3053698. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T56961A3053698.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Diaz-Lamiero, Alondra M.; Kaiser, Hinrich; Powell, Robert (2008). Leenders, Twan (ed.). Pristimantis shrevei. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles. Vol. 844. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. doi:10.15781/T2319S699. Retrieved 16 May 2026 – via University of Texas.
- 1 2 S. Blair Hedges (2015). "Lesser Antilles". Caribherp: Amphibians and reptiles of Caribbean Islands. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
- 1 2 Frost, Darrel R. (2015). "Pristimantis shrevei (Schwartz, 1967)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 Schwartz, Albert (1967). "Frogs of the genus Eleutherodactylus in the Lesser Antilles". Studies on the Fauna of Curaçao and other Caribbean Islands. 24 (91): 13–17 – via Naturalis.
- ↑ Beolens B, Watkins M, Grayson M. 2013. The Eponym Dictionary of Amphibians. Exeter, England: Pelagic Publishing Ltd. 262 pp. ISBN 978-1-907807-41-1. (Pristimantis shrevei, p. 197).
Further reading
- Kaiser H, Hardy JD Jr, Green DM. 1994. Taxonomic status of Caribbean and South American frogs currently ascribed to Eleutherodactylus urichi (Anura: Leptodactylidae). Copeia 1994: 780-796. (Eleutherodactylus shrevei).
- Malhotra, Anita; Thorpe, Roger S. (1999), Reptiles & Amphibians of the Eastern Caribbean, London: Macmillan Education Ltd., pp. 99–100, ISBN 0-333-69141-5.
- Schwartz A, Thomas R. 1975. A Check-list of West Indian Amphibians and Reptiles. Carnegie Museum of Natural History Special Publication No. 1. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Carnegie Museum of Natural History. 216 pp. (Eleutherodactylus urichi shrevei, p. 38).