Principality of Benevento (Napoleonic)

Principality of Benevento
Principato di Benevento (Italian)
1806–1815
Benevento in 1806
Benevento in 1806
StatusClient state
CapitalBenevento
GovernmentMonarchy
• Prince
Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (1806–1815)
Historical eraNapoleonic Wars
• Creation
28 August 1806
• Restored to papal control
28 August 1815
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Papal States
Papal States

The Principality of Benevento was a principality in Italy created by Napoleon after he became King of Italy in 1805. Its territory mostly coincided with that of the Duchy of Benevento, a papal enclave within the Kingdom of Naples.[1][2] In addition to the capital city of Benevento, it included a contado subdivided into 12 centers: Sant'Angelo a Cupolo, Motta, Panelli, Pastene, Maccabei, Bagnara, Montorso, Maccoli, Perillo, Sciarra, San Leucio del Sannio, San Marco ai Monti.[3]

The principality was created by Napoleon for his chief diplomat Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord. It was nominally sovereign, but the prince did have to take an oath to the king.[4][5]

The principality was short-lived. Talleyrand was never to settle down and actually rule his new principality.[6][7][8] In 1815, after the Napoleonic Wars, the town was ceded back to the Papal States.[9][10]

In 1860, it joined Pontecorvo, the other southern Italian papal exclave, in being united with the new Kingdom of Italy.[11][12]

References

  1. ↑ Stuart Woolf, Napoleon’s Integration of Europe (London: Routledge, 1991), 72–75
  2. ↑ Michael Broers, The Napoleonic Empire in Italy, 1796–1814 (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005), 95–98.
  3. ↑ Giuseppe Galasso, Il Mezzogiorno nella storia d’Italia (Florence: Le Monnier, 1982), 289–292.
  4. ↑ Adam Zamoyski, Napoleon: A Life (New York: Basic Books, 2018), 413–415
  5. ↑ Philip G. Dwyer, Napoleon and Europe (London: Routledge, 2001), 83–85.
  6. ↑ Cooper 1932.
  7. ↑ Duff Cooper, Talleyrand (London: Jonathan Cape, 1932), 187–189
  8. ↑ Emmanuel de Waresquiel, Talleyrand: Le prince immobile (Paris: Fayard, 2003), 312–316.
  9. ↑ Mark Jarrett, The Congress of Vienna 1814–1815 (London: Routledge, 2013), 168–170
  10. ↑ Adam Zamoyski, Rites of Peace: The Fall of Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna (New York: HarperCollins, 2007), 401–403.
  11. ↑ Denis Mack Smith, Modern Italy: A Political History (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997), 47–49
  12. ↑ Martin Clark, Modern Italy 1871–1995 (London: Longman, 1996), 9–12.

Sources

  • Cooper, Duff (1932). Talleyrand. New York: Harper.

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