Payravand (tribe)

The Payravand (Kurdish: پایرەوەن, Payrewen; Persian: پایروند, پایره‌وند) are a Kurdish tribe living mainly in western Iran, mostly in the provinces of Kermanshah and Ilam. They mainly speak Southern Kurdish.

History

Minorsky described the "Payrawand" or "Pahrawand" as a Kurdish tribe near Kermanshah, and claimed that if their name was to be seen as a reminiscence of the old name Pahraj ("custodia", "vigilia"), the tribe must have historically been driven westwards as it occupied the west face of Mount Paraw (Bisotun), to the southwest of Dinavar.[1] Others also used both terms Payravand and Pahravand (پهروند) for the Kurdish tribe.[2] The name Farawand in historical sources may have been connected to the Payravand (Pahravand) tribe as the Arabized version.[3] There was also a village near Kermanshah named Pay-ravand.[4] The Payravand spoke a dialect of Southern Kurdish.[5][6] The Payravand were mentioned in a list of the local Lak tribes compiled by J. L. Rousseau at Kermanshah in 1807.[7] The Payravand traditionally spent winters around Mount Paraw, Bilavar, and Dizgaran, and summers in Zohab, Qasr-e Shirin, and Qala Sabzi.[8] The Payravand were also among the Kurdish tribes in Qazvin.[9] The Payravand, along with the other Kurdish tribes of Rizavand and Bijanvand, were said to have been originally part of the Suramiri tribe. During the Qajar era, the Payravand and Rizavand made an alliance with the Khezel tribe. The Payravand mainly lived in Zardalan, Piyazabad, and Shilekosh.[10]

References

  1. ↑ Minorsky, V. (1997). "Sunḳur". In Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. & Lecomte, G. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume IX: San–Sze. Leiden: E. J. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-10422-8.
  2. ↑ Kurdische Handschriften, Kamal Fuad, 1970, pp. 135, ISBN 9783515011716.
  3. ↑ Kitāb At-Tājī of Abu Ishaq Ibrahim Bin Al Katib As-Sabi, Ibrāhīm ibn Hilāl Ṣābī, 1995, pp. 144.
  4. ↑ سرزمین و مردم ایران، عبدالحسین سعیدیان، 2004, pp. 87, ISBN 9789649005270.
  5. ↑ Structural and Typological Variation in the Dialects of Kurdish, 2022, pp. 271-273, ISBN 9783030788377.
  6. ↑ Kurds: A Concise Handbook, Mehrdad Izady, 2015, pp. 81, ISBN 9781135844905.
  7. ↑ Minorsky, Vladimir (2012). "Lak". Encyclopaedia of Islam (Second ed.). Brill Publishers. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0562. ISBN 9789004161214.
  8. ↑ تبیین اشتراکات فرهنگی در زاگرس میانی (لرستان، ایلام و کرمانشاه)، ص ١٧٢، سیاوش قلی پور، مجله پژوهش های نوین در مطالعات علوم انسانی اسلامی، سال دوم، شماره 4، پاییز و زمستان 1402.
  9. ↑ سفرنامۀ استرآباد و مازندران و گيلان و…، محمد ابراهیم، محمود گلزاری، 1976, pp. 177.
  10. ↑ ساختار اجتماعی-سیاسی ایل خزل ایلام در غرب زاگرس مرکزی از دیدگاه انسان شناسی، ص 181-182، علی نوراللهی، پژوهش‌های انسان‌شناسی ایران، دوره 13، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 24، شهریور 1402، ص 179-214. DOI: 10.22059/IJAR.2023.361624.459826.
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