PON2

PON2
Identifiers
Aliases	PON2, paraoxonase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 602447; MGI: 106687; GeneCards: PON2
Enzyme activity
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 7 (human)
End	95,435,329 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 6 (mouse)
End	5,298,455 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	right lung; ; nucleus accumbens; ; right adrenal cortex; ; amygdala; ; putamen; ; external globus pallidus; ; jejunal mucosa; ; ventricular zone; ; left adrenal gland; ; caudate nucleus;
	Top expressed in
	epithelium of stomach; ; epithelium of lens; ; ciliary body; ; stroma of bone marrow; ; mucous cell of stomach; ; retinal pigment epithelium; ; skin of external ear; ; corneal stroma; ; ileum; ; right lung lobe;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	hydrolase activity; metal ion binding; identical protein binding; arylesterase activity; acyl-L-homoserine-lactone lactonohydrolase activity;
Cellular component	plasma membrane; lysosome; mitochondrion; nucleus; membrane; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; extracellular region;
Biological process	aromatic compound catabolic process; response to oxidative stress; response to toxic substance; lipoxygenase pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Databases	NCBI: entry; OMA: entry
	5445
	330260
	ENSG00000105854
	ENSMUSG00000032667
	Q15165
	Q62086
	NM_000305; NM_001018161
	NM_183308
	NP_000296; NP_001018171
	NP_899131
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PON2 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

This gene encodes a member of the paraoxonase gene family, which includes three known members located adjacent to each other on the long arm of chromosome 7. The encoded protein is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues, membrane-bound, and may act as a cellular antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative stress. Hydrolytic activity against acylhomoserine lactones, important bacterial quorum-sensing mediators, suggests the encoded protein may also play a role in defense responses to pathogenic bacteria. Mutations in this gene may be associated with vascular disease and a number of quantitative phenotypes related to diabetes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.^[7]

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000105854 – Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032667 – Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ Primo-Parmo SL, Sorenson RC, Teiber J, La Du BN (September 1996). "The human serum paraoxonase/arylesterase gene (PON1) is one member of a multigene family". Genomics. 33 (3): 498–507. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0225. PMID 8661009.
↑ Mochizuki H, Scherer SW, Xi T, Nickle DC, Majer M, Huizenga JJ, et al. (August 1998). "Human PON2 gene at 7q21.3: cloning, multiple mRNA forms, and missense polymorphisms in the coding sequence". Gene. 213 (1–2): 149–157. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00193-0. PMID 9714608.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: PON2 paraoxonase 2".

Mackness B, Durrington PN, Mackness MI (2003). "The paraoxonase gene family and coronary heart disease". Current Opinion in Lipidology. 13 (4): 357–362. doi:10.1097/00041433-200208000-00002. PMID 12151850. S2CID 22912885.
Getz GS, Reardon CA (2005). "Paraoxonase, a cardioprotective enzyme: continuing issues". Current Opinion in Lipidology. 15 (3): 261–267. doi:10.1097/00041433-200406000-00005. PMID 15166781. S2CID 23497678.
Ng CJ, Shih DM, Hama SY, Villa N, Navab M, Reddy ST (January 2005). "The paraoxonase gene family and atherosclerosis". Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 38 (2): 153–163. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.09.035. PMID 15607899.
Hegele RA, Connelly PW, Scherer SW, Hanley AJ, Harris SB, Tsui LC, et al. (October 1997). "Paraoxonase-2 gene (PON2) G148 variant associated with elevated fasting plasma glucose in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 82 (10): 3373–3377. doi:10.1210/jcem.82.10.4289. PMID 9329371. S2CID 13102917.
Sanghera DK, Aston CE, Saha N, Kamboh MI (1998). "DNA polymorphisms in two paraoxonase genes (PON1 and PON2) are associated with the risk of coronary heart disease". American Journal of Human Genetics. 62 (1): 36–44. doi:10.1086/301669. PMC 1376796. PMID 9443862.
The Sanger Centre, The Washington University Genome Sequencing Centre (November 1998). "Toward a complete human genome sequence". Genome Research. 8 (11): 1097–1108. doi:10.1101/gr.8.11.1097. PMID 9847074.
Ng CJ, Wadleigh DJ, Gangopadhyay A, Hama S, Grijalva VR, Navab M, et al. (November 2001). "Paraoxonase-2 is a ubiquitously expressed protein with antioxidant properties and is capable of preventing cell-mediated oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (48): 44444–44449. doi:10.1074/jbc.M105660200. PMID 11579088.
Hong SH, Song J, Min WK, Kim JQ (2002). "Genetic variations of the paraoxonase gene in patients with coronary artery disease". Clinical Biochemistry. 34 (6): 475–481. doi:10.1016/S0009-9120(01)00257-0. PMID 11676977.
Obineche EN, Frossard PM, Bokhari AM (2002). "An association study of five genetic loci and left ventricular hypertrophy amongst Gulf Arabs". Hypertension Research. 24 (6): 635–639. doi:10.1291/hypres.24.635. PMID 11768721.
Janka Z, Juhász A, Rimanóczy AA, Boda K, Márki-Zay J, Kálmán J (2002). "Codon 311 (Cys --> Ser) polymorphism of paraoxonase-2 gene is associated with apolipoprotein E4 allele in both Alzheimer's and vascular dementias". Molecular Psychiatry. 7 (1): 110–112. doi:10.1038/sj/mp/4000916. PMID 11803456.
Kao Y, Donaghue KC, Chan A, Bennetts BH, Knight J, Silink M (March 2002). "Paraoxonase gene cluster is a genetic marker for early microvascular complications in type 1 diabetes". Diabetic Medicine. 19 (3): 212–215. doi:10.1046/j.1464-5491.2002.00660.x. PMID 11918623. S2CID 11658029.
Chen Q, Reis SE, Kammerer CM, McNamara DM, Holubkov R, Sharaf BL, et al. (January 2003). "Association between the severity of angiographic coronary artery disease and paraoxonase gene polymorphisms in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study". American Journal of Human Genetics. 72 (1): 13–22. doi:10.1086/345312. PMC 378617. PMID 12454802.
Yamada Y, Ando F, Niino N, Miki T, Shimokata H (2003). "Association of polymorphisms of paraoxonase 1 and 2 genes, alone or in combination, with bone mineral density in community-dwelling Japanese". Journal of Human Genetics. 48 (9): 469–475. doi:10.1007/s10038-003-0063-x. PMID 12955589.
Shi J, Zhang S, Tang M, Liu X, Li T, Han H, et al. (January 2004). "Possible association between Cys311Ser polymorphism of paraoxonase 2 gene and late-onset Alzheimer's disease in Chinese". Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research. 120 (2): 201–204. doi:10.1016/j.molbrainres.2003.10.018. PMID 14741412.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000105854 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032667 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Primo-Parmo_1996-5] Primo-Parmo SL, Sorenson RC, Teiber J, La Du BN (September 1996). "The human serum paraoxonase/arylesterase gene (PON1) is one member of a multigene family". Genomics. 33 (3): 498–507. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0225. PMID 8661009.

[Mochizuki_1998-6] Mochizuki H, Scherer SW, Xi T, Nickle DC, Majer M, Huizenga JJ, et al. (August 1998). "Human PON2 gene at 7q21.3: cloning, multiple mRNA forms, and missense polymorphisms in the coding sequence". Gene. 213 (1–2): 149–157. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00193-0. PMID 9714608.

[entrez-7] 1 2 "Entrez Gene: PON2 paraoxonase 2".

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[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

References

Further reading