Outline of organic chemistry
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to organic chemistry:
Organic chemistry is the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation (by synthesis or by other means) of carbon-based compounds, hydrocarbons, and their derivatives. These compounds may contain any number of other elements, including hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, the halogens as well as phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur.[1][2][3]
General topics
Current trends
Current trends in organic chemistry include (as of 2020):
Concepts
Chemical species
- Acetals
- Acid Anhydrides
- Acyl Halides
- Alcohols
- Aldehydes
- Alkanes
- Alkenes
- Alkynes
- Amides
- Amines
- Azides
- Brønsted Acids
- Carbamates
- Carbohydrates
- Carbonates
- Carboxylic Acids
- Cyanates
- Dicarbonyls
- Disulfides
- Enals
- Enamines
- Enols
- Esters
- Ethers
- Glycosides
- Glycosylamines
- Heterocyclic Arenes (Aromatics)
- Heterocyclic Compounds (Non-Aromatic)
- Imines
- Imides
- Ketones
- Ketenes
- Lipids
- Macrocyclic Compounds
- Mechanically-Interlocked Molecular Architectures
- Monocyclic Arenes (Aromatics)
- Nitriles
- Nucleosides
- Nucleotides
- Organometallic Compounds
- Organophosphate Compounds
- Peptides
- Peroxides
- Peroxy Acids
- Polycyclic Arenes (Aromatics)
- Polycyclic Compounds (Non-Aromatic)
- Polymers
- Polyphenolic Compounds
- Steroids
- Sulfoxides
- Surfactants
- Transition Metal Complexes
- Transition Metal Aldehyde Complexes
- Transition Metal Alkene Complexes
- Transition Metal Arene Complexes
- Transition Metal Azide Complexes
- Transition Metal Carbene Complexes
- Transition Metal Carboxylate Complexes
- Transition Metal Carbyne Complexes
- Transition Metal Dithiocarbamates Complexes
- Transition Metal Ketone Complexes
- Transition Metal Pyridine Complexes
- Transition Metal Thiocyanate Complexes
- Transition Metal Thiolate Complexes
- Transition Metal Vinylidene Complexes
- Xanthates
- Ylides
Reactions
Addition Reactions
- Electrophilic Addition Reactions
- Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
- Nucleophilic Conjugate Addition Reactions
Annulation Reactions
Chemical Tests
Condensation Reactions
- Acyloin condensation
- Aldol condensation
- Benzoin condensation
- Claisen condensation
- Claisen-Schmidt condensation
- Darzens condensation
- Dieckmann condensation
- Fischer-Speier esterification
- Guareschi-Thorpe condensation
- Japp-Maitland condensation
- Knoevenagel condensation
- Pechmann condensation
- Rap-Stoermer condensation
- Stetter reaction
- Stobbe condensation
- Ullmann condensation
- Weiss-Cook condensation
- Yamaguchi esterification
- Ziegler condensation
Coupling Reactions
- Azo coupling
- Buchwald-Hartwig coupling
- Cadiot-Chodkiewicz coupling
- Castro-Stephens coupling
- Chan-Lam coupling
- Eglinton coupling
- Fukuyama coupling
- Glaser coupling
- Hay coupling
- Heck reaction
- Hiyama coupling
- Hirao coupling
- Kumada coupling
- Larock indole synthesis
- Liebeskind-Srogl coupling
- McMurry reaction
- Miyaura borylation
- Negishi coupling
- Phosphonium coupling
- Pinacol coupling
- Prins reaction
- Pschorr reaction
- Scholl reaction
- Sonogashira coupling
- Stille coupling
- Suzuki coupling
- Ugi coupling
- Ullmann coupling
- Wurtz coupling
Cyclization Reactions
Cycloaddition Reactions
Degradation Reactions
- Barbier-Wieland degradation
- Bergmann degradation
- Curtius degradation
- Darapsky degradation
- Edman degradation
- Emde degradation
- Gallagher-Hollander degradation
- Grignard degradation
- Hofmann degradation
- Ruff-Fenton degradation
- Schmidt degradation
- Strecker degradation
- Von Braun amide degradation
- Weerman degradation
- Wohl degradation
Disproportionation Reactions
Elimination Reactions
Epoxidation Reactions
Fragmentation Reactions
Free Radical Reactions
Halogenation Reactions
Heterocycle Formation Reactions
- Bartoli indole synthesis
- Biginelli reaction
- Bischler-Napieralski reaction
- Bischler-Mohlau indole synthesis
- Cadogan-Sundberg indole synthesis
- Ciamician-Dennstedt rearrangement
- Combes quinolone synthesis
- Dimroth rearrangement
- Feist-Benary furan synthesis
- Fischer indole synthesis
- Fukuyama indole synthesis
- Gassman indole synthesis
- Gutknecht pyrazine synthesis
- Hantzsch dihydropyridine synthesis
- Hantzsch pyrrole synthesis
- Hegedus indole synthesis
- Heine reaction
- Hemetsberger indole synthesis
- Hetero Diels-Alder reaction
- Hinsburg oxindole synthesis
- Hofmann-Loffler-Freytag reaction
- Knorr pyrrole synthesis
- Knorr pyrazole synthesis
- Krohnke pyridine synthesis
- Larock indole synthesis
- Leimgruber-Batcho indole synthesis
- Madelung indole synthesis
- Nenitzescu indole synthesis
- Paal-Knorr pyrrole synthesis
- Paterno-Buchi reaction
- Pechmann pyrazole synthesis
- Petrenko-Kritschenko piperidone synthesis
- Pictet-Spengler reaction
- Piloty-Robinson pyrrole synthesis
- Pomeranz-Fritsch reaction
- Reissert indole synthesis
- Skraup reaction
- Staedel-Rugheimer pyrazine synthesis
- Von Pechmann reaction
Homologation Reactions
Metathesis Reactions
Organometallic Reactions
- Synthesis of Organometallic Reagents
- Associative substitution
- β-hydride elimination
- Carbometalation
- Carbon-hydrogen bond activation
- Cyclometalation
- Dissociative substitution
- Electron transfer
- Hydrometalation
- Migratory insertion
- Nucleophilic abstraction
- Oxidative addition
- Reductive elimination
- Transmetalation
Oxidation Reactions
- Alcohol oxidation
- Andrussov oxidation
- Baeyer-Villiger oxidation
- Boyland-Sims oxidation
- Corey-Gilman-Ganem oxidation
- Corey-Kim oxidation
- Dakin oxidation
- Davis oxidation
- Dess-Martin oxidation
- Elbs oxidation
- Fetizon oxidation
- Fleming-Tamao oxidation
- Ganem oxidation
- Hass-Bender oxidation
- Jones oxidation
- Kornblum oxidation
- Krohnke oxidation
- Lemieux-Johnson oxidation
- Ley oxidation
- Malaprade reaction
- Nucleophilic epoxidation
- Oppenauer oxidation
- Parikh-Doering oxidation
- Pfitzner-Moffatt oxidation
- Pinnick oxidation
- Prilezhaev reaction
- Riley oxidation
- Rubottom oxidation
- Saegusa-Ito oxidation
- Sarett oxidation
- Schmidt reaction
- Seyferth-Gilbert homologation
- Sommelet reaction
- Stahl oxidation
- Swern oxidation
- Tamao oxidation
- Tollens oxidation
- Wacker-Tsuji oxidation
Pericyclic Reactions
Polymerization Reactions
Rearrangement Reactions
- Allylic rearrangement
- Amadori rearrangement
- Aston-Greenburg rearrangement
- Aza-Cope rearrangement
- Baeyer-Villiger rearrangement
- Baker–Venkataraman rearrangement
- Bamberger rearrangement
- Beckmann rearrangement
- Bellus-Claisen rearrangement
- Benzidine rearrangement
- Benzilic acid rearrangement
- Brook rearrangement
- Carroll rearrangement
- Chapman rearrangement
- Ciamician-Dennstedt rearrangement
- Claisen rearrangement
- Cope rearrangement
- Cornforth rearrangement
- Criegee rearrangement
- Curtius rearrangement
- Demjanov rearrangement
- Dienol-benzene rearrangement
- Dienone-phenol rearrangement
- Dimroth rearrangement
- Di-π-methane rearrangement
- Favorskii rearrangement
- Ferrier reaction
- Fischer-Hepp rearrangement
- Fries rearrangement
- Fritsch-Buttenberg-Wiechell rearrangement
- Gabriel-Colman rearrangement
- Hayashi rearrangement
- Hock rearrangement
- Hofmann rearrangement
- Hofmann-Martius rearrangement
- Homo-rearrangement of steroids
- Ireland–Claisen rearrangement
- Jacobsen rearrangement
- Johnson-Claisen rearrangement
- Kornblum-DeLaMare rearrangement
- Lossen rearrangement
- McLafferty rearrangement
- Meisenheimer rearrangement
- Metal-ion-catalyzed σ-bond rearrangement
- Meyer-Schuster rearrangement
- Mislow-Evans rearrangement
- Nametkin rearrangement
- Neber rearrangement
- Newman–Kwart rearrangement
- Orton rearrangement
- Overman rearrangement
- Oxy-Cope rearrangement
- Payne rearrangement
- Perkin rearrangement
- Piancatelli rearrangement
- Pinacol rearrangement
- Pummerer rearrangement
- Reilly-Hickinbottom rearrangement
- Retropinacol rearrangement
- Rupe rearrangement
- Semidine rearrangement
- Smiles rearrangement
- Sommelet-Hauser rearrangement
- Stevens rearrangement
- Stieglitz rearrangement
- Tafel rearrangement
- Tiemann rearrangement
- Tiffeneau-Dernjanov rearrangement
- Truce-Smiles rearrangement
- Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement
- Wallach rearrangement
- Wessely-Moser rearrangement
- Westphalen-Lettre rearrangement
- Willgerodt rearrangement
- Wittig rearrangement
- Wolff rearrangement
- Von Richter reaction
Reduction Reactions
- Bechamp reduction
- Birch reduction
- Bouveault-Blanc reduction
- Carbonyl reduction
- CBS reduction
- Clemmensen reduction
- Corey-Bakshi-Shibata reduction
- Corey–Itsuno reduction
- DIBAL-H selective reduction
- Evans-Saksena reduction
- Evans-Tishchenko reaction
- Eschweiler-Clarke reaction
- Fukuyama reduction
- Luche reduction
- Marko-Lam deoxygenation
- Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction
- Midland Alpine borane reduction
- Mozingo reduction
- Narasaka-Prasad reduction
- Noyori asymmetric hydrogenation
- Rosenmund reduction
- Staudinger reduction
- Stephen aldehyde synthesis
- Tishchenko reaction
- Wolff-Kishner reduction
- Zinin reduction
Substitution Reactions
- Electrophilic Aliphatic Substitution Reactions
- Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (EAS) Reactions
- Bischler-Napieralski synthesis
- Blanc halomethylation
- Combes synthesis
- Friedel-Crafts acylation
- Friedel-Crafts alkylation
- Fries rearrangement
- Gatterman reaction
- Houben-Hoesch reaction
- Kolbe-Schmitt reaction
- Lehmstedt-Tanasescu reaction
- Pechmann condensation
- Pictet-Spengler reaction
- Pomeranz-Fritsch reaction
- Quelet reaction
- Reimer-Tiemann reaction
- Tscherniac-Einhorn reaction
- Vilsmeier-Haack reaction
- Von Pechmann reaction
- Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution (SNAcyl) Reactions
- Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution (SNAr) Reactions
- Nucleophilic Substitution (SN) Reactions
- Baeyer-Villiger oxidation
- Delépine reaction
- Dess-Martin oxidation
- Ferrier rearrangement
- Finkelstein reaction
- Gabriel synthesis
- Kolbe nitrile synthesis
- Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction
- Mitsunobu reaction
- Perkow reaction
- Sandmeyer reaction
- Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation
- Sharpless oxyamination
- Solvolysis reaction
- Swern oxidation
- Tishchenko reaction
- Wacker oxidation
- Wenker synthesis
- Williamson ether synthesis
- Radical Substitution
See also
References
- ↑ Robert T. Morrison, Robert N. Boyd, and Robert K. Boyd, Organic Chemistry, 6th edition (Benjamin Cummings, 1992, ISBN 0-13-643669-2) - this is "Morrison and Boyd", a classic textbook
- ↑ John D. Roberts, Marjorie C. Caserio, Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry,(W. A. Benjamin, Inc. ,1964) - another classic textbook
- ↑ Richard F. and Sally J. Daley, Organic Chemistry, Online organic chemistry textbook. Ochem4free.info
External links
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