Ohio's at-large congressional district

Ohio's at-large congressional district
Obsolete district
Created1800
1910
1930
1960
Eliminated1810
1915
1950
1967
Years active1803-1813
1913-1915
1933-1953
1963-1967

Ohio's at-large congressional district existed from 1803 to 1813, from 1913 to 1915, from 1933 to 1953 and from 1963 until 1967, when it was banned by the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

From statehood in 1803 until the 1813 redistricting following the 1810 census, Ohio had only one member of the United States House of Representatives: Jeremiah Morrow.

List of members representing the district

Cong
ress		 Years Member Party Electoral history
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th		 October 17, 1803 –
March 3, 1813
Jeremiah Morrow
(Montgomery)		 Democratic-Republican Elected in 1803.
Re-elected in 1804.
Re-elected in 1806.
Re-elected in 1808.
Re-elected in 1810.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.

After the 1810 census, the at-large seat was eliminated. It was reinstated after the 1910 census.

Cong
ress		 Years Member Party Electoral history
63rd March 4, 1913 –
March 3, 1915
Robert Crosser
(Cleveland)		 Democratic Elected in 1912.
Redistricted to the 21st district.

From the 1930 census to the 1940 census, there were two seats elected at-large, on a general ticket.

Cong
ress		 Years Seat A Seat B
Member Party Electoral history Member Party Electoral history
73rd March 4, 1933 –
March 3, 1935
Charles V. Truax
(Bucyrus)		 Democratic Elected in 1932
Stephen M. Young
(Cleveland)		 Democratic Elected in 1932.
74th March 4, 1935 –
August 9, 1935		 Re-elected in 1934.
Died.		 Re-elected in 1934.
Retired to run for Governor of Ohio.
August 9, 1935 –
November 3, 1936		 Vacant
November 3, 1936 –
January 3, 1937
Daniel S. Earhart
(Columbus)		 Democratic [data missing]
Retired.
75th January 3, 1937 –
January 3, 1939
John McSweeney
(Wooster)		 Democratic Elected in 1936.
Lost re-election.
Harold G. Mosier
(Cleveland)		 Democratic Elected in 1936.
Lost renomination.
76th January 3, 1939 –
January 3, 1941
George H. Bender
(Cleveland Heights)		 Republican Elected in 1938
L. L. Marshall
(Euclid)		 Republican Elected in 1938.
Lost re-election.
77th January 3, 1941 –
January 3, 1943		 Re-elected in 1940
Stephen M. Young
(Cleveland)		 Democratic Elected in 1940.
Lost re-election.
78th January 3, 1943 –
January 3, 1945		 Re-elected in 1942 Seat two was eliminated after the 1940 census.
79th January 3, 1945 –
January 3, 1947		 Re-elected in 1944.
80th January 3, 1947 –
January 3, 1949		 Re-elected in 1946.
Lost re-election.
81st January 3, 1949 –
January 3, 1951
Stephen M. Young
(Cleveland)		 Democratic Elected in 1948.
Lost re-election.
82nd January 3, 1951 –
January 3, 1953
George H. Bender
(Chagrin Falls)		 Republican Elected in 1950.
Redistricted to the 23rd district.

In 1953, the seat was eliminated. It was restored in 1963.

Years Cong
ress		 Member Party Electoral history
88th January 3, 1963 –
January 3, 1965
Robert Taft Jr.
(Indian Hill)		 Republican Elected in 1962.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.
89th January 3, 1965 –
January 3, 1967
Robert E. Sweeney
(Bay Village)		 Democratic Elected in 1964.
Retired to run for Ohio Attorney General.

In 1967, the at-large district was eliminated, and Ohio's 24th congressional district was created to replace it.

Elections

Between 1803 and 1813 Ohio had one representative. After the 1910 census Ohio's at large seat came back but was then eliminated in 1915. From 1932 to 1942 there were 2 at-large representatives but after the 1940 census there was only one until 1953. It was then again restored in 1963 but was eliminated in 1967.

One seat (1803-1813)

1803

Results by county
Morrow:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
McMillan:      40–50%      50–60%
Baldwin:      30–40%      40–50%      60–70%
Langham:      40–50%

Democratic-Republican candidate Jeremiah Morrow won the general election held on June 21, 1803.[1]

1803 United States House of Representatives election in Ohio
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic-Republican Jeremiah Morrow 3,701 48.18%
Federalist William McMillan 2,043 26.60%
Democratic-Republican Michael Baldwin 902 11.74%
Democratic-Republican Elias Langham 615 8.01%
Democratic-Republican William Goforth 313 4.07%
Others 34 1.39%
Total votes 7,681 100.0%

1804

Democratic-Republican Jeremiah Morrow won the general election held on October 9, 1804.

1804 United States House of Representatives election in Ohio[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic-Republican Jeremiah Morrow (incumbent) 4,101 70.20%
Federalist Elias Langham 1,718 29.41%
Democratic-Republican Rufus Putnam 23 0.39%
Total votes 5,842 100.0%
Democratic-Republican hold

1806

Incumbent Jeremiah Morrow won the general election held on October 14, 1806 to a third term.

1806 United States House of Representatives election in Ohio[3]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic-Republican Jeremiah Morrow (incumbent) 6,735 73.95%
Quids James Pritchard 2,364 25.96%
Other candidates 9 0.10%
Total votes 9,108 100.0%
Democratic-Republican hold

1808

Incumbent Jeremiah Morrow ran as a Quid and won the general election held on October 11, 1808.

1808 United States House of Representatives election in Ohio[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Quids Jeremiah Morrow (incumbent) 11,852 71.47%
Federalist Philemon Beecher 4,724 28.49%
Other candidates 8 0.04%
Total votes 16,584 100.0%
Quids gain from Democratic-Republican

1810

Incumbent Jeremiah Morrow won the general election held on October 9, 1810 as a Democratic-Republican. This would be the last election where Ohio had only 1 seat due to population growth.

1810 United States House of Representatives election in Ohio[5]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic-Republican Jeremiah Morrow (incumbent) 6,859 95.77%
Democratic-Republican Samuel Huntington 269 3.76%
Other candidates 34 0.47%
Total votes 7,162 100.0%
Democratic-Republican gain from Quids

1910 census

1912

Democratic candidate Robert Crosser won the general election held on November 5, 1912.

1912 Ohio's at-large congressional district election[6]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Robert Crosser 423,311 41.64%
Republican Lawrence Langdon 297,355 29.25%
Progressive Randolph W. Walton 192,799 18.97%
Socialist Harry D. Thomas 91,201 8.97%
Prohibition Frank Stanton 11,862 1.17%
Total votes 1,016,528 100.0%

Two seats (1933-1943)

Ohio would have two at-large districts until 1943 when it would only elect one representative at-large.

1932

The two Democrats, Charles V. Truax and Stephen M. Young would get first and second place. Republican candidate, George Bender would later win in 1938.

1932 Ohio's at-large congressional district election[7]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Charles V. Truax 1,206,631 25.81%
Democratic Stephen M. Young 1,200,946 25.69%
Republican George H. Bender 1,109,562 23.73%
Republican L. T. Palmer 1,102,567 23.58%
Prohibition Edward R. Stafford 24,625 0.53%
Prohibition Alfred H. Stratton 17,844 0.38%
Communist John Rehms 7,050 0.15%
Communist William Hughey 6,010 0.13%
Total votes 4,675,235 100.0%

1934

Both Democrats, Charles V. Truax and Stephen M. Young would both win re-election to a second term.

1934 Ohio's at-large congressional district election[8]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Charles V. Truax (incumbent) 1,061,857 27.11%
Democratic Stephen M. Young (incumbent) 1,050,089 26.81%
Republican George H. Bender 905,233 23.11%
Republican L. L. Marshall 871,432 22.25%
Communist Ben Atkins 13,972 0.36%
Communist John Marshall 13,808 0.35%
Total votes 3,916,391 100.0%

1936

Neither incumbent Democrat runs for re-election. Democrats hold on to both seats.

1936 Ohio's at-large congressional district election[9]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John McSweeney 1,553,059 28.75%
Democratic Harold G. Mosier 1,493,152 27.64%
Republican George H. Bender 1,226,147 22.70%
Republican L. L. Marshall 1,121,370 20.76%
Communist William C. Sandberg 8,947 0.17%
Total votes 5,402,675 100.0%

There was a special election for the remainder of Charles Truax's term due to his death on August 9, 1935. Daniel S. Earhart who won the election would serve until January 1937.

1936 Ohio's at-large congressional district special election[10]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel S. Earhart 1,479,284 58.31%
Republican Benson Ogier 1,057,473 41.69%
Total votes 2,536,757 100.0%

1938

Republicans flip both seats with George Bender and L. L. Marshall getting first and second place respectively.

1938 Ohio's at-large congressional district election[11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George H. Bender 1,177,982 27.00%
Republican L. L. Marshall 1,101,193 25.24%
Democratic Stephen M. Young (incumbent) 1,068,916 24.50%
Democratic John McSweeney (incumbent) 1,015,041 23.26%
Total votes 2,536,757 100.0%

1940

George H. Bender wins re-election but L. L. Marshall loses to Stephen M. Young who got second place with 25.7% of the vote. The At-large district is split between one Democrat and one Republican.

1940 Ohio's at-large congressional district election[12]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George H. Bender (incumbent) 1,519,559 26.31%
Democratic Stephen M. Young 1,483,879 25.70%
Republican L. L. Marshall (incumbent) 1,386,627 24.01%
Democratic Francis W. Durbin 1,384,745 23.98%
Total votes 5,774,810 100.0%

One Seat At-Large (1943-1953)

The 1940 United States census brings Ohio's At-Large districts down to one. Democrat Stephen M. Young ended up losing to Republican candidate George H. Bender by a wide margin.

1942

1942 Ohio's at-large congressional district election[13]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George H. Bender (incumbent) 945,995 56.86%
Democratic Stephen M. Young (incumbent) 717,692 43.14%
Total votes 1,663,687 100.0%

1944

George H. Bender wins re-election with 53.1% of the votes cast.

1944 Ohio's at-large congressional district election[14]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George H. Bender (incumbent) 1,542,422 53.09%
Democratic William Glass 1,362,843 46.91%
Total votes 2,905,265 100.0%

1946

George H. Bender wins re-election with 59.5% of the votes cast.

1946 Ohio's at-large congressional district election[15]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George H. Bender (incumbent) 1,281,864 59.52%
Democratic William M. Boyd 871,660 40.48%
Total votes 2,153,524 100.0%

1948

Former representative, Stephen M. Young defeats incumbent George H. Bender with 52 percent of the vote.

1948 Ohio's at-large congressional district election[16]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Stephen M. Young 1,455,972 52.03%
Republican George H. Bender (incumbent) 1,342,388 47.97%
Total votes 2,798,360 100.0%

1950

George H. Bender wins a rematch with Stephen M. Young by a 7.81% margin.

1950 Ohio's at-large congressional district election[17]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George H. Bender 1,447,154 53.91%
Democratic Stephen M. Young (incumbent) 1,237,409 46.09%
Total votes 2,684,563 100.0%

1960 census seat (1963-1967)

The at-large seat would be abolished with the 1950 census but was brought back after the 1960 census. It would be abolished again and forever in 1967 being replaced with Ohio's 24th congressional district.

1962

Republican Party candidate, Robert Taft Jr. defeated Democrat Richard D. Kennedy by a large margin of 21 points.

1962 Ohio's at-large congressional district election[18]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Robert Taft Jr. 1,786,018 60.53%
Democratic Richard D. Kennedy 1,164,628 39.47%
Total votes 2,950,646 100.0%

1964

Incumbent, Robert Taft Jr. decided to run in the concurrent U.S. senate election instead of re-election to congress. Democratic Party nominee Robert Sweeney defeated Oliver P. Bolton who represented Ohio's 11th congressional district by around four percentage points.

1964 Ohio's at-large congressional district election[19]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Robert E. Sweeney 1,872,351 52.17%
Republican Oliver P. Bolton 1,716,480 47.83%
Total votes 2,950,646 100.0%

Notes

References

  1. ↑ "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  2. ↑ "A New Nation Votes - Ohio 1804 U.S. House of Representatives". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  3. ↑ "A New Nation Votes - Ohio 1806 U.S. House of Representatives". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  4. ↑ "A New Nation Votes - Ohio 1808 U.S. House of Representatives". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  5. ↑ "A New Nation Votes - Ohio 1810 U.S. House of Representatives". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  6. ↑ "Annual report of the Secretary of State, to the Governor of the State of Ohio for the year 1911-1912". babel.hathitrust.org.
  7. ↑ "Annual report of the Secretary of State, to the Governor of the State of Ohio for the year 1932". babel.hathitrust.org.
  8. ↑ "Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk" (PDF). clerk.house.gov.
  9. ↑ "Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk" (PDF). clerk.house.gov.
  10. ↑ "Ohio election statistics: the general election 1936 - hathitrust". babel.hathitrust.org.
  11. ↑ "Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk" (PDF). clerk.house.gov.
  12. ↑ "Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk" (PDF). clerk.house.gov.
  13. ↑ "Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk" (PDF). clerk.house.gov.
  14. ↑ "Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk" (PDF). clerk.house.gov.
  15. ↑ "Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk" (PDF). clerk.house.gov.
  16. ↑ "Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk" (PDF). clerk.house.gov.
  17. ↑ "Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk" (PDF). clerk.house.gov.
  18. ↑ "Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk" (PDF). clerk.house.gov.
  19. ↑ "Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk" (PDF). clerk.house.gov.

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