Ocana people
Ocana | |
|---|---|
| Total population | |
| Extinct as a tribe[1] (18th century) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Rio Grande, Southern Texas, U.S., and Coahuila, Mexico | |
| Languages | |
| a Coahuilteco language | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Coahuiltecan peoples |
The Ocana people were an Indigenous peoples of Aridoamerica, which was New Spain, possibly a northern Coahuiltecan subtribe.[2]
Name
The Ocana people were also called Acani,[2] Acana, Acanis, Ocan, Ocam, Ocane.[3]
17th-century history
The Ocana were first recorded by Spanish colonists in 1670, when they came from the north to raid settlements in Coahuila and Nuevo León in New Spain,[1] now present-day northeastern Mexico. Spanish explorers including Juan Domínguez de Mendoza, Fernando del Bosque,[1] and Gregorio de Salinas Varona[4] reported meeting the Ocana along the Rio Grande and south of the Nueces River. They lived in areas of present-day Texas including Maverick County, Dimmit County, and Zavala County, as well as throughout the Edwards Plateau.[1]
18th-century history
In the 18th century, the Ocana entered missions including Mission San Bernardo, Mission San Francisco Solano, Mission San Felipe Valladares, and Mission San Antonio de Valero.[1] Surviving records of their language and culture were compiled by Franciscan friar Damián Massanet.[1][4][5] Due to disease, the Ocanas at the missions declined in number and six Ocana were recorded in 1772.[1]
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Campbell, Thomas N. "Ocana Indians". Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 2 August 2026.
- 1 2 Anderson, Gary Clayton (1999). The Indian Southwest, 1580-1830: Ethnogenesis and Reinvention. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 39. ISBN 978-0-8061-3111-5.
- ↑ "Amistad NRA: American Indian Tribal Affiliation Study (Phase 1) (Chapter 2)". npshistory.com. Retrieved 13 August 2024.
- 1 2 Foster, William C. (1 January 2010). Spanish Expeditions into Texas, 1689–1768. University of Texas Press. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-292-79313-2.
- ↑ Hodge, Frederick Webb (July 2003). Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico Volume 3/4 N-S. Digital Scanning Inc. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-1-58218-750-1.