Nihal Kularatna

Nihal Kularatna
Kularatna in 2011
Born1954 (age 71–72)
Colombo, Sri Lanka
Alma materUniversity of Ceylon (B.Sc Eng.)
The University of Waikato (D.Sc)
Scientific career
WorkplacesUniversity of Waikato

Nihal Kularatna is a Sri Lankan electronics engineer. He serves as professor at University of Waikato.[1] He has over four and a half decades of contributions to both electronics research. In 2014 he was appointed the Vice Chair of the IEEE DC Energy Efficiency Committee. His research output includes over 160 refereed papers published in esteemed journals and presented at international conferences.[2]

Education

He holds a Doctor of Science (DSc) degree from the University of Waikato, and a Bachelor of Science in engineering (Honors) from the University of Ceylon.[3][2]

Career

During the period spanning 1985 to 2002, Kularatna joined the Arthur C Clarke Institute for Modern Technologies, he engaged in industrial research and spearheaded the development of continuous professional development training programs tailored for practicing engineers and also held the position of CEO within the organization.[4]

In addition to his institutional roles, Kularatna served as a consultant for various US companies, including the Gartner Group and Technology Dynamics, NJ. In 2002, he moved to New Zealand, accepting a senior lecturer position at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at The University of Auckland. Subsequently, in 2006, he transitioned to the University of Waikato.[5]

His research output includes over 160 refereed papers published in journals and presented at international conferences.[6]

He was awarded with the UoW Postgraduate Research Supervision Excellence Award in 2021.[2] He won the New Zealand Engineering Innovator of the year 2013.[7]

Currently serving as Professor in Electronics at the University of Waikato, School of Engineering, Kularatna's research interests include supercapacitor applications[5] electronic engineering, surge protection, power electronics, sensors. He is a Contributing Editor (Book reviews) for IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine.[8]

Pioneering Supercapacitor Assisted (SCA) Techniques

Nihal Kularatna led a research group the University of Waikato in Hamilton, New Zealand within the two decades (2005-2025) to develop a new family of supercapacitor applications emerged and known as Supercapacitor Assisted (SCA) techniques. These SCA techniques[9][10][11] family includes unique types of DC-DC converters, lightning protection systems, DC circuit breakers and DC powered appliances such as white goods etc. These techniques has culminated several patents[12][13][14], research publications [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and some commercial products[22] such as Prodigy 8 series.

Supercapacitor assisted low dropout regulator (SCALDO)[23][24][25][26] is the first successful power converter technique under the SCA family. Supercapacitor assisted surge absorber (SCASA) is the first supercapacitor based surge protector technique[27] which was commercialized by Thor Technologies, Perth, Australia. Supercapacitor assisted LED (SCALED) technique is a high efficiency DC lighting technique aimed at DC grid based future buildings[28][29].With future DC microgrid based DC systems developing, SCA Transient Energy Pump (SCATEP) based DC circuit breaker technique was also recently developed[30].

SCA techniques are based on a new theoretical concept now published as SCA Loss Management (SCALoM)[31][32]theory[33][34][35]and this new family of power converters and protection systems are aimed at future DC microgrids, DC homes and DC appliances based on renewable energy.

Contribution of books

Nihal has shared his electronic engineering expertise by authoring many reference books for electronic engineers starting in 1996. His first work on electronic test and measuring instruments was published in 1996 by the Institution of Engineering Technology – London, which was formerly known as IEE-London.[36] In 1998, he published a book with Elsevier titled Power Electronics Design Handbook: Low Power Components and Applications.[37] This was followed by another work in 2000 for Elsevier titled Modern Component Families and Circuit Block Design.[38] In 2003, a new edition of his first book was published as Digital and Analogue Instrumentation: Testing and Measurement.[39] It was reprinted in 2008 by IET-London. His fifth work, co-authored, on telecommunications was published in 2004 by Artech House Publishers.[40]

With CRC Press, he contributed two works in 2008 and 2012 respectively: Circuit Design[41] and DC Power Management.[42] From 2014 to 2021, he published three research monographs with Elsevier: on energy storage devices,[43] transient surge protector design,[44] and his latest monograph, Energy Storage Devices for Renewable Energy Systems: Rechargeable Batteries and Supercapacitors.[45] These ten works collectively span over 4,000 printed pages.

Selected publications

  • Kularatna, Nihal; Sudantha, B. H. (April 2008). "An Environmental Air Pollution Monitoring System Based on the IEEE 1451 Standard for Low Cost Requirements". IEEE Sensors Journal. 8 (4): 415–422. Bibcode:2008ISenJ...8..415K. doi:10.1109/JSEN.2008.917477.
  • Arawwawala, Nadee; Kularatna, Nihal; Sirimanne, Don Charles Uvindra (September 2023). "Future Directions of Commercially Available Supercapacitors". IEEE Power Electronics Magazine. 10 (3): 52–60. doi:10.1109/MPEL.2023.3303103.
  • Ariyarathna, Thilanga; Kularatna, Nihal; Gunawardane, Kosala; Jayananda, Dilini; Steyn-Ross, David Alistair (2021). "Development of Supercapacitor Technology and Its Potential Impact on New Power Converter Techniques for Renewable Energy". IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics. 2 (3): 267–276. Bibcode:2021IJEIE...2..267A. doi:10.1109/JESTIE.2021.3061962. ISSN 2687-9735.
  • Arawwawala, N.; Kularatna, Nihal; Sirimanne, D.C.U. (2023). "Future Directions of Commercially Available Supercapacitors". IEEE Power Electronics Magazine. 10 (3): 52–60. doi:10.1109/MPEL.2023.3303103.
  • Sirimanne, D.C.U.; Kularatna, Nihal; Arawwawala, N. (2023). "Electrical Performance of Current Commercial Supercapacitors and Their Future Applications". Electronics. 12 (2465): 2465. doi:10.3390/electronics12112465. hdl:10289/16833.
  • Kularatna, Nihal (2023). "Power Conditioning and Power Protection for Electronic Systems". Energies. 16 (2671): 2671. doi:10.3390/en16062671. hdl:10289/16832.
  • Thotabaddadurage, S.U.S.; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, David A. (2023). "Permeance Based Design and Analysis of Supercapacitor Assisted Surge Absorber for Magnetic Component Selection". IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 70 (4): 3593–3603. Bibcode:2023ITIE...70.3593T. doi:10.1109/TIE.2022.3172769.
  • Thotabaddadurage, S.S.; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, David A. (2023). "Importance of Leakage Magnetic Field and Fringing Flux in Surge Protector Design". IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 59 (1): 289–299. Bibcode:2023IOJIA..59..289T. doi:10.1109/TIA.2022.3208920.
  • Fernando, J.; Kularatna, Nihal; Silva, S.; Thotabaddadurage, S.S. (2022). "Supercapacitor Assisted Surge Absorber Technique: High-Performance Transient Surge Protectors for Consumer Electronics". IEEE Power Electronics Magazine. 9 (2): 48–60. doi:10.1109/MPEL.2022.3171644.
  • Thotabaddadurage, S.S.U.; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, David A. (2022). "Permeance Based Design and Analysis of Supercapacitor Assisted Surge Absorber for Magnetic Component Selection". IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 70 (4): 3593–3603. Bibcode:2023ITIE...70.3593T. doi:10.1109/TIE.2022.3172769.
  • Subasinghage, K.W.; Gunawardane, K.; Kularatna, Nihal (2022). "Supercapacitor-Assisted Low-Dropout Regulator Technique for Low Output Ripple DC-DC Conversion". IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics. 3 (4): 1028–1037. Bibcode:2022IJEIE...3.1028S. doi:10.1109/JESTIE.2022.3149708.
  • Kularatna, Nihal; Subasinghage, K.; Gunawardane, K.; Jayananda, D.; Ariyarathna, T. (2021). "Supercapacitor-Assisted Techniques and Supercapacitor-Assisted Loss Management Concept: New Design Approaches to Change the Roadmap of Power Conversion Systems". Electronics (Switzerland). 10 (14): 17.
  • Silva, T.S.U.; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, David A. (2021). "Optimization of Supercapacitor Assisted Surge Absorber (SCASA) Technique: A New Approach to Improve Surge Endurance Using Air-Gapped Ferrite Cores". Energies. 10 (14): 21.
  • Ariyarathna, Thilanga; Kularatna, Nihal; Gunawardane, Kosala; Jayananda, Dilini; Steyn-Ross, David Alistair (2021). "Development of Supercapacitor Technology and Its Potential Impact on New Power Converter Techniques for Renewable Energy". IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics. 2 (3): 267–276. Bibcode:2021IJEIE...2..267A. doi:10.1109/JESTIE.2021.3061962. ISSN 2687-9735.
  • Gunawardane, K.; Bandara, N.; Subasinghage, K.; Kularatna, Nihal (2021). "Extending the Input Voltage Range of Solar PV Inverters with Supercapacitor Energy Circulation". Electronics (Switzerland). 10 (88): 17.
  • Subasinghage, K.; Gunawardane, K.; Kularatna, Nihal (2020). "Stability Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Supercapacitor-Assisted Low-Dropout (SCALDO) Regulator". IET Power Electronics. 13 (15): 3213–3225. doi:10.1049/iet-pel.2019.1601. hdl:10289/14253.
  • Wijesooriya, P.N.; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, David A. (2020). "Efficiency Enhancement to a Linear AC Voltage Regulator: Multi-Winding Versus Multi-Transformer Design". IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics. 1 (2): 192–199. Bibcode:2020IJEIE...1..192W. doi:10.1109/JESTIE.2020.3003350. hdl:10289/16187.
  • Kularatna, Nihal; Jayananda, D. (2020). "Supercapacitor Based Long Time Constant Circuits: A Unique Design Opportunity for New Power Electronic Circuit Topologies". IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine. 14 (2): 40–56. Bibcode:2020IIEM...14b..40K. doi:10.1109/MIE.2019.2959199.
  • Jayananda, D.; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, David A. (2020). "Supercapacitor-Assisted LED (SCALED) Technique for Renewable Energy Systems: A Very Low Frequency Design Approach with Short-Term DC-UPS Capability Eliminating Battery Banks". IET Renewable Power Generation. 14 (9): 1559–1570. Bibcode:2020IRPG...14.1559J. doi:10.1049/iet-rpg.2019.1307. hdl:10289/16841.
  • Subasinghage, K.; Gunawardane, K.; Kularatna, Nihal; Lie, T.K. (2019). "Extending the Supercapacitor-Assisted Low-Dropout Regulator (SCALDO) Technique to a Split-Rail DC–DC Converter Application". IEEE Access. 7: 124034–124047. Bibcode:2019IEEEA...7l4034S. doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2937754.
  • Gunawardane, K.; Kularatna, Nihal (2018). "Supercapacitor Assisted Low Dropout Regulator Technique: A New Design Approach to Achieve High-Efficiency Linear DC-DC Converters". IET Power Electronics. 11 (2): 229–238. doi:10.1049/iet-pel.2017.0093.
  • James, S.; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, A.; Kunnemeyer, R. (2015). "Estimation of Transient Surge Energy Transferred with Associated Time Delays for Individual Components of Surge Protector Circuits". IET Power Electronics. 8 (5): 685–692. doi:10.1049/iet-pel.2014.0212.
  • Kankanamge, K.; Kularatna, Nihal (2014). "Improving the End-to-End Efficiency of DC-DC Converters Based on a Supercapacitor Assisted Low Dropout Regulators (SCALDO) Technique". IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 61 (1): 223–230. doi:10.1109/TIE.2013.2245613.
  • Kularatna, Nihal (2014). "Dynamics and Modelling of Rechargeable Batteries: What Electrochemists Work Tells the Electronic Engineers". IEEE Power Electronics Magazine. 1 (4): 23–33. Bibcode:2014IPEM....1d..23K. doi:10.1109/MPEL.2014.2361264.
  • Kankanamge, K.; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, David A. (2012). "Laplace Transform-Based Theoretical Foundations and Experimental Validations: Low-Frequency Supercapacitor Circulation for Efficiency Improvements in Linear Regulators". IET Power Electronics. 5 (9): 1785–1792. doi:10.1049/iet-pel.2011.0296. hdl:10292/8378.
  • Kularatna, Nihal; Fernando, J.; Pandey, A.; James, S. (2011). "Surge Capability Testing of Supercapacitor Families Using a Lightning Surge Simulator". IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 58 (10): 4942–4949. Bibcode:2011ITIE...58.4942K. doi:10.1109/TIE.2011.2109338.
  • Kularatna, Nihal (2003). "Understanding A to D Architectures". Electronics Systems and Software (Sept/Oct): 20–23. doi:10.1049/ess:20030404 (inactive 6 June 2026).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of June 2026 (link)
  • Kularatna, A.D.V.N. (1988). "Low Cost Fast AC Regulator Provides High Waveform Fidelity". Power Conversion and Intelligent Motion (May): 76–78.
  • Kularatna, A.D.V.N. (1981). "Optosensor Limits Shunt Supply's No Load Current". Electronics (13 January): 174.
  • Kularatna, A.D.V.N. (1980). "Foldback Limiter Protects High Current Regulators". Electronics (January): 98.
  • Kularatna, A.D.V.N. (1978). "A Variable Shunt Regulated Power Supply". Electronic Engineering (June): 21.

References

  1. ↑ Wilson, Libby (17 October 2015). "Waikato lecturer Nihal Kularatna to collect Doctor of Science at graduation". www.stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 2024-05-21.
  2. 1 2 3 "Nihal Kularatna is an electronics engineer with four and half decades of contribution to profession and research". profiles.waikato.ac.nz. Retrieved 2024-05-21.
  3. ↑ "Nihal Kularatna – Researcher/Electronics Engineer/Tech Writer; The University of Waikato". EEweb. 24 November 2011.
  4. ↑ "Nihal Kularatna named New Zealand Innovator of the Year | Daily FT". www.ft.lk.
  5. 1 2 "Sri Lanka's Nihal Kularatna named New Zealand 'Innovator of the Year' | The Sundaytimes Sri Lanka". The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka).
  6. ↑ "Nihal Kularatna (SM'98) is an Associate Professor in Electrical Engineering in the School of Engineering". Sci Profiles.
  7. ↑ "Nihal Kularatna - Engineering innovator recognised". Sci Profiles.
  8. ↑ "Inside Front Cover". IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine. 40 (3): 2. May 2024. doi:10.1109/MEI.2024.10508426.
  9. ↑ Fernando, Jayathu; Kularatna, Nihal; Silva, Shanima; Silva Thotabaddadurage, Sadeeshvara (June 2022). "Supercapacitor assisted surge absorber technique: high performance transient surge protectors for consumer electronics". IEEE Power Electronics Magazine. 9 (2): 48–60. doi:10.1109/MPEL.2022.3171644. ISSN 2329-9207.
  10. ↑ Kularatna, Nihal; Jayananda, Dilini (June 2020). "Supercapacitor-Based Long Time-Constant Circuits: A Unique Design Opportunity for New Power Electronic Circuit Topologies". IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine. 14 (2): 40–56. Bibcode:2020IIEM...14b..40K. doi:10.1109/MIE.2019.2959199. ISSN 1932-4529.
  11. ↑ Kularatna, Nihal (March 2016). "Supercapacitors Improve the Performance of Linear Power-Management Circuits: Unique new design options when capacitance jump from micro-farads to farads with a low equivalent series resistance". IEEE Power Electronics Magazine. 3 (1): 45–59. Bibcode:2016IPEM....3a..45K. doi:10.1109/MPEL.2015.2510442. ISSN 2329-9207.
  12. ↑ US9466977B2, Kularatna, Alythwela Domingo Vithanaye Nihal & Fernando, Lewis Hennedige Jayathu Dimuthu Kumara, "Power and telecommunications surge protection apparatus", issued 2016-10-11
  13. ↑ WO2014189389A1, KULARATNA, Alythwela Domingo Vithanage Nihal, "Fluid temperature modification apparatus", issued 2014-11-27
  14. ↑ US7907430B2, KULARATNA, Nihal & Fernando, Lewis Jayathu, "High current voltage regulator", issued 2011-03-15
  15. ↑ Naligama, Chamila; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, Alistair; Gunawardane, Kosala (2026). "Extended Input Range Multi-inverter System Based On Novel Supercapacitor Assisted Ultra Low Frequency Switching Converter Technique". IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications: 1–15. doi:10.1109/TIA.2026.3660787. ISSN 0093-9994.
  16. ↑ Dassanayake, Chamara; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, D. Alistair; Gurusinghe, Nicoloy; Lamara, Tarek; Tricarico, Claudio; Gunawardane, Kosala (March 2026). "Supercapacitor-Based Pulse Energy Pumping Approach for Arc Extinguishing in Mechanical DC Circuit Breakers". IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 62 (2): 2438–2449. Bibcode:2026ITIA...62.2438D. doi:10.1109/TIA.2025.3603759. ISSN 0093-9994.
  17. ↑ Arawwawala, Nadee; Kularatna, Nihal; Sirimanne, Don Charles Uvindra (September 2023). "Future Directions of Commercially Available Supercapacitors". IEEE Power Electronics Magazine. 10 (3): 52–60. doi:10.1109/MPEL.2023.3303103. ISSN 2329-9207.
  18. ↑ Thotabaddadurage, Sadeeshvara Udayanga Silva; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, D. Alistair (April 2023). "Permeance Based Design and Analysis of Supercapacitor Assisted Surge Absorber for Magnetic Component Selection". IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 70 (4): 3593–3603. Bibcode:2023ITIE...70.3593T. doi:10.1109/TIE.2022.3172769. ISSN 0278-0046.
  19. ↑ Fernando, Jayathu; Kularatna, Nihal; Silva, Shanima; Silva Thotabaddadurage, Sadeeshvara (June 2022). "Supercapacitor assisted surge absorber technique: high performance transient surge protectors for consumer electronics". IEEE Power Electronics Magazine. 9 (2): 48–60. doi:10.1109/MPEL.2022.3171644. ISSN 2329-9207.
  20. ↑ Subasinghage, Kasun; Gunawardane, Kosala; Kularatna, Nihal (October 2022). "Supercapacitor-Assisted Low-Dropout Regulator Technique for Low Output Ripple DC–DC Conversion". IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics. 3 (4): 1028–1037. Bibcode:2022IJEIE...3.1028S. doi:10.1109/JESTIE.2022.3149708. ISSN 2687-9735.
  21. ↑ Kularatna, Nihal; Jayananda, Dilini (June 2020). "Supercapacitor-Based Long Time-Constant Circuits: A Unique Design Opportunity for New Power Electronic Circuit Topologies". IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine. 14 (2): 40–56. Bibcode:2020IIEM...14b..40K. doi:10.1109/MIE.2019.2959199. ISSN 1932-4529.
  22. ↑ "Thor Technologies TViQ/2 Smart TViQ Power Protection & Filtration". www.instylehifi.com.au. Retrieved 2026-06-05.
  23. ↑ US7907430B2, KULARATNA, Nihal & Fernando, Lewis Jayathu, "High current voltage regulator", issued 2011-03-15
  24. ↑ Fernando, Jayathu; Kularatna, Nihal; Silva, Shanima; Silva Thotabaddadurage, Sadeeshvara (June 2022). "Supercapacitor assisted surge absorber technique: high performance transient surge protectors for consumer electronics". IEEE Power Electronics Magazine. 9 (2): 48–60. doi:10.1109/MPEL.2022.3171644. ISSN 2329-9207.
  25. ↑ Thotabaddadurage, Sadeeshvara Udayanga Silva; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, D. Alistair (April 2023). "Permeance Based Design and Analysis of Supercapacitor Assisted Surge Absorber for Magnetic Component Selection". IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 70 (4): 3593–3603. Bibcode:2023ITIE...70.3593T. doi:10.1109/TIE.2022.3172769. ISSN 0278-0046.
  26. ↑ Thotabaddadurage, Sadeeshvara Silva; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, D. Alistair (January 2023). "Importance of Leakage Magnetic Field and Fringing Flux in Surge Protector Design". IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 59 (1): 289–299. Bibcode:2023IOJIA..59..289T. doi:10.1109/TIA.2022.3208920. ISSN 0093-9994.
  27. ↑ US9466977B2, Kularatna, Alythwela Domingo Vithanaye Nihal & Fernando, Lewis Hennedige Jayathu Dimuthu Kumara, "Power and telecommunications surge protection apparatus", issued 2016-10-11
  28. ↑ Jayananda, Dilini; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, David Alistair (July 2020). "Supercapacitor-assisted LED (SCALED) technique for renewable energy systems: a very low frequency design approach with short-term DC-UPS capability eliminating battery banks". IET Renewable Power Generation. 14 (9): 1559–1570. Bibcode:2020IRPG...14.1559J. doi:10.1049/iet-rpg.2019.1307. ISSN 1752-1416.
  29. ↑ Kularatna, Nihal; Jayananda, Dilini (June 2020). "Supercapacitor-Based Long Time-Constant Circuits: A Unique Design Opportunity for New Power Electronic Circuit Topologies". IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine. 14 (2): 40–56. Bibcode:2020IIEM...14b..40K. doi:10.1109/MIE.2019.2959199. ISSN 1932-4529.
  30. ↑ Dassanayake, Chamara; Kularatna, Nihal; Steyn-Ross, D. Alistair; Gurusinghe, Nicoloy; Lamara, Tarek; Tricarico, Claudio; Gunawardane, Kosala (March 2026). "Supercapacitor-Based Pulse Energy Pumping Approach for Arc Extinguishing in Mechanical DC Circuit Breakers". IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 62 (2): 2438–2449. Bibcode:2026ITIA...62.2438D. doi:10.1109/TIA.2025.3603759. ISSN 0093-9994.
  31. ↑ Ariyarathna, Thilanga; Kularatna, Nihal; Gunawardane, Kosala; Jayananda, Dilini; Steyn-Ross, David Alistair (July 2021). "Development of Supercapacitor Technology and Its Potential Impact on New Power Converter Techniques for Renewable Energy". IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics. 2 (3): 267–276. Bibcode:2021IJEIE...2..267A. doi:10.1109/JESTIE.2021.3061962. ISSN 2687-9735.
  32. ↑ Kularatna, Nihal; Jayananda, Dilini (June 2020). "Supercapacitor-Based Long Time-Constant Circuits: A Unique Design Opportunity for New Power Electronic Circuit Topologies". IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine. 14 (2): 40–56. Bibcode:2020IIEM...14b..40K. doi:10.1109/MIE.2019.2959199. ISSN 1932-4529.
  33. ↑ Nirashi, Polwaththa Gallage; Nihal, Kularatna; Dulsha, Kularatna-Abeywardana; Alistair, Steyn-Ross (March 2025). "Supercapacitor-Assisted Low-Frequency Converters for DC Microgrids, DC Homes, and DC Appliances for Increased End-to-End Efficiency: Implementation Example of a DC-Converted Refrigerator". Energy Storage and Applications. 2 (1). doi:10.3390/e (inactive 6 June 2026). ISSN 3042-4011. Archived from the original on 2025-07-06.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of June 2026 (link)
  34. ↑ Energy Storage Devices for Renewable Energy-Based Systems. 2021-05-13. ISBN 978-0-12-820778-9.
  35. ↑ Kularatna, Nihal; Jayananda, Dilini (June 2020). "Supercapacitor-Based Long Time-Constant Circuits: A Unique Design Opportunity for New Power Electronic Circuit Topologies". IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine. 14 (2): 40–56. Bibcode:2020IIEM...14b..40K. doi:10.1109/MIE.2019.2959199. ISSN 1932-4529.
  36. ↑ Electronic Test and Measuring Instruments. London: Institution of Engineering Technology. 1996.
  37. ↑ Power Electronics Design Handbook: Low Power Components and Applications. Elsevier. 1998. ISBN 978-0-7506-7073-9.
  38. ↑ Modern Component Families and Circuit Block Design. Elsevier. 2000. ISBN 978-0-7506-9992-1.
  39. ↑ Kularatna, Nihal (2003). Digital and Analogue Instrumentation: Testing and Measurement. Institution of Engineering Technology. doi:10.1049/pbel011e. ISBN 978-0-85296-999-1.
  40. ↑ Essentials of Modern Telecommunications Systems. Artech House Publishers. 2004.
  41. ↑ Electronic Circuit Design: From Concept to Implementation. CRC Press. 2008.
  42. ↑ DC Power Supplies: Power Management and Surge Protection for Power Electronic Systems. CRC Press. 2012.
  43. ↑ Energy Storage Devices for Electronic Systems: Rechargeable Batteries and Supercapacitors. Elsevier. 2014. ISBN 978-0-12-407947-2.
  44. ↑ Design of Transient Protection Systems. Elsevier. 2017. ISBN 978-0-12-811664-7.
  45. ↑ Energy Storage Devices for Renewable Energy Systems: Rechargeable Batteries and Supercapacitors. Elsevier. 2021. ISBN 978-0-12-820778-9.
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