National Steel Corporation

National Steel Corporation furnaces and stockpiles, Detroit, Michigan, 1942

The National Steel Corporation (1929–2003) was a major American steel producer. It was founded on October 1, 1929[1] through a merger arranged by Weirton Steel with the new Great Lakes Steel Corporation, which was then in the process of construction of its Ecorse steel works, certain subsidiaries of M. A. Hanna Company, namely the four blast furnaces in Buffalo and two on Zug Island, the company's iron mining division and its fleet of ore carriers; and the Michigan Steel Corp, predecessor to Great Lakes Steel, which joined the group in 1931 before the adjoining plant of the Great Lakes Steel Corp was formally commissioned.

National Steel was headquartered in Pittsburgh. Despite a difficult market in Depression-setting 1930, the company reported USD 8.4 million in profits. Again, in 1931 the company was profitable unlike many other competitors. The company could attribute its success primarily to sales to the automobile industry. Large steel producing operations were located near Detroit, providing the company with low shipping costs. Throughout the Great Depression, National Steel obtained profitability every year.

The company was part of the Dow Jones Industrial Average from 1935 until 1959.

National Steel Company (1899)

The National Steel Company of 1899 (a U.S. Steel predecessor) had no relationship with the National Steel Corporation of 1929 other than the name.

Incorporated in New Jersey on February 27, 1899, had a capital stock of $27 million par $100 7% preferred ($26 million outstanding) and $32 million par $100 common (all outstanding).[2] The remaining $1,000,000 of preferred stock were issued on April 28, 1899 to the Oliver & Snyder Steel Co. in exchange for the entire $100,000 stock of the Rosena Furnace Co. and associated properties.[a]

All of the companies acquired produced basic Bessemer steel with the exception of the Buhl Steel Co. who produced basic open hearth steel, but also had to buy ingots on the market to cover their own needs.[4]

Companies acquired by NSCo[2]
NameHometownDebtDebt DueSteel tpd[b]BFIron tpd[4]
Ohio Steel CoYoungstown, Oh$1,000,000June 1, 19081,50021,333
Shenango Valley Steel CoNew Castle, Pa$330,000October 1, 19021,200-1,4002633
Organized in ca. July 1891 with $200,000 capital to build a 400tpd Bessemer plant,[5] which was producing at capacity (500tpd) in January 1893.[6]

Bought the adjoining Neshannock blast furnace of the Crawford Iron & Steel Co.[c] on April 8, 1893, for $250,000 and on that occasion increased its capital stock by $200,000 to $450,000. The 78x17ft furnace had 4 Whitwell stoves and a 165ft draft stack and a capacity of 67,000tpa (184tpd) of pig iron. The original furnace was first blown in on December 1, 1872. Crawford Iron & Steel had bought it from the Kimberly Iron Co in 1883.[8][9] It had once produced 109,790 tons of pig iron in 90 weeks (174tpd).[10]

40°59′31″N 80°21′07″W / 40.992°N 80.352°W / 40.992; -80.352[d]

The company bought the furnace of the Raney & Berger Iron Co, also in April 1893 and also for $250,000 and on the occasion increased its capital stock to upward of $1,000,000. The furnace was switched from producing mostly foundry iron to Bessemer iron.[11] In December 1899 National Steel decided to dismantle the furnace and replace it with a larger one.[12]

40°59′31″N 80°21′07″W / 40.992°N 80.352°W / 40.992; -80.352[e]

In January 1898 the capital of the Shenango Valley Steel Co. was increased from 10,000 to 15,000 shares of $100 par.[13]

Rosena Furnace CompanyNew Castle, Pa$250,000December 1, 19121367

The Rosena Furnace Company was incorporated on December 1, 1892, headquartered in Pittsburgh, with a capital stock of $100,000, to carry out operations of the furnace owned by the Oliver Iron & Steel Co. of Pittsburgh.[14] A sum of $100,000 was expected to be spent on improvements, namely new stoves and blowing engines.[15] The furnace originally had a capacity of 60tpd and in the first 43 months of operation produced 75,000 tons.[16] The original furnace was built in 1872 (blown in June 1873), rebuilt in 1893, torn down and rebuilt in 1897 to a height of 100 feet and a capacity of 150,000tpa.[17]

40°59′47″N 80°20′43″W / 40.99628°N 80.34534°W / 40.99628; -80.34534[f]

Ætna Standard Iron & Steel CoBridgeport, Oh$600,000January 1, 19081,000-1,1003433

The sheet and bar mill of the Aetna Iron & Steel Co at Bridgeport was built in 1873. The Standard Iron Company built a sheet and bar mill in 1883. Both companies merged in 1893 with a capital of $2,300,000.[18][19]

40°05′03″N 80°44′05″W / 40.0841°N 80.73486°W / 40.0841; -80.73486[g]

Two 60 feet high furnaces were built at Mingo Junction: the Sidney furnace in 1871 and the Estella furnace in 1872 (blown in May 1873). The combined capacity was 62,000tpa.[20] Both furnaces were rebuilt in 1886 to a height of 75 feet and a capacity of 80,000tpa (each).[21] The cut-nail works of the Junction Iron Co. were built in 1882. The slab and billet mill of the Laughlin & Junction Iron Co were built in 1886. The two companies merged in 1894.[18][22]

40°18′54″N 80°36′20″W / 40.315067°N 80.60554°W / 40.315067; -80.60554[h]

On July 1, 1897[21] the Junction Iron Co of Mingo Junction was absorbed by Aetna: capital was increased to $3,000,000 and the entire stock of Junction Iron ($700,000) exchanged for a like amount of Aetna stock. Three directors resigned from the board to give their seats to representatives of the Junction Iron Company.[23] The new combine had 2 blast furnaces, a Bessemer steel plant and a sheet and tin plate bar mill at Mingo. At Bridgeport it had a sheet, a bar, a structural mill and a tin plate works.[18]

Bellaire Steel CoBellaire, Oh$301,000March 2, 1906800-9002600

The Bellaire Nail Works were renamed to Bellaire Steel Co in February 1896. The first blast furnace was blown in on September 22, 1873 and rebuilt in 1886. The second was blown in on March 7, 1895. In 1898 they were both 75 feet high with a combined capacity of 180,000tpa.[21]

40°01′20″N 80°44′22″W / 40.02219°N 80.73934°W / 40.02219; -80.73934[i]

King, Gilbert & Warner CoColumbus, Oh$130,000May 1, 19055002466
Buhl Steel CoSharon, Pa$200,000November 1, 19034002167
Union Iron & Steel CoYoungstown, Ohnone
National Steel Common Stock Price Range[j]
YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
189963High54+3⁄4636255+7⁄854+1⁄257+1⁄256+7⁄852+3⁄450+1⁄249
31+3⁄4Low50444543+3⁄44953+1⁄249+1⁄247+1⁄446+1⁄231+3⁄4
190053+1⁄2High46+1⁄253+1⁄247+1⁄446+1⁄23430+1⁄2272827+3⁄43139+3⁄443
20Low4045+1⁄2413327+1⁄4202323+1⁄223+1⁄22428+5⁄833
190160+1⁄2High44+3⁄8505760+1⁄2
37Low3740+1⁄843+1⁄257
National Steel Preferred Price Range[j]
YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
189999+3⁄8High959592+1⁄8939499+3⁄898+7⁄89695+3⁄895
85Low9389858889+3⁄4949593+3⁄493+1⁄486+1⁄2
190097High94979795+5⁄889+5⁄887+1⁄285+1⁄4868688+1⁄293+1⁄296+3⁄4
79+3⁄4Low929493+3⁄488+3⁄48579+3⁄483+1⁄883+3⁄882+3⁄48287+1⁄291+1⁄2
1901120High93+1⁄2102+1⁄2118+1⁄2120
90Low9091+1⁄299+1⁄2117

The United States Steel Corporation was incorporated on February 25, 1901. It offered a premium of $125 of its new 7% preferred stock for each $100 par value of National Steel preferred stock and a similar $125 premium for each $100 par of National common stock.

Companies acquired by U.S. Steel[27][28][29]
CompanyPreferredCommon
OldNew (USS pref)PremiumOldNew (USS com)Premium+USS pref[k]
Federal Steel Co$53,260,900$60,446,362$110$46,484,300$49,970,627$107+1⁄2$4
American Steel & Wire Co40,000,00047,600,000117+1⁄250,000,00051,250,000102+1⁄2
National Tube Co40,000,00053,520,00012540,000,00050,000,0001258+4⁄5
National Steel Co27,000,00033,750,00012532,000,00040,000,000125
American Tin Plate Co18,325,00026,506,25012528,000,00035,000,00012520
American Steel Hoop Co14,000,00010019,000,000100
American Sheet Steel Co24,500,00010024,500,000100
American Bridge Co30,527,80033,580,58011030,527,80032,054,190105
Lake Superior Consolidated Iron Mines38,774,70028,722,00038,744,700135135
Totals$247,613,700$334,077,892$299,234,100$340,548,817

Detroit Iron & Steel Company

The Detroit Iron & Steel Company was a predecessor to Great Lakes Steel Corporation and in 1902 built a greenfield blast furnace plant on Zug Island, the first modern blast furnace plant in the state of Michigan.

The company was incorporated in Michigan on April 24, 1902, and issued 75,000 par $10 7% preferred and 75,000 par $10 common shares (split 2-for-1 on July 16, 1917). Issued $400,000 5% 10-year bonds dated May 2, 1904, due $40,000 annually from 1907 to 1916.[30] Retired those bonds only three years later and broke even on cumulative preferred dividends in 1907.[31][32][33] Issued $600,000 15-year 5% bonds dated July 1, 1909 (at construction of second blast furnace), due annually $40,000 till July 1, 1925.[l] Paid 4% per year dividend on common stock until 1917, then 2.5% quarterly (10% annual - 20% when considering the stock split!) and also paid a few extra dividends.

  • President: Daniel Rhodes Hanna, since 1918[35] Howard Melville Hanna Jr.[36][37]

The joint venture included:

The furnace had a capacity of 300 tons of foundry iron per day, 30 additional coke ovens were built concurrently and there were plans to eventually have 180 ovens.[41] This was the first modern coke-filled blast furnace built in the state of Michigan.[42] Riter-Conley had the contract for the furnace, Russell Wheel & Foundry (Detroit) for auxiliary structures. The furnace was 78x17.5ft and the 4 stoves were 83x20ft.[43] There were 120 coke ovens in 1905.[44][45] The furnace was blown in on February 15, 1904[46] and in 1911 rebuild as a modern thin-lined, water cooled furnace.[47] The B furnace (80x18.5ft; 300tpd, Arthur G. McKee type), directly adjoining to the east of A, was begun in early 1909 and blown in on July 21, 1910.[48] The plant was located on the north east corner of the island.[m]

In 1917 the #Detroit Furnace Company was acquired.

On May 1, 1920, the company was kicked off the Detroit Stock Exchange for failure to disclose operational and financial information.[50]

On November 1, 1920, Detroit Iron & Steel was among several companies that merged to form the Hanna Furnace Co. (Delaware). Its two blast furnaces had a capacity of 685 tons per day.[51]

The furnaces were relined: No. 1 in 1905,[52] 1909,[53] ...

Pig Iron Industry in Michigan


Pig Iron Shipped from blast furnaces (1918)[54]
Pennsylvania14,701,252
Ohio8,711,205
Illinois3,409,876
Alabama2,645,179
Indiana2,583,375
New York2,482,450
Michigan502,884
United States38,230,440

There were only 3 coke-burning blast furnaces in total in the state of Michigan (December 1914).[55] The Wayne furnace (42°20′32″N 83°00′24″W / 42.34216°N 83.00656°W / 42.34216; -83.00656[56][57]) of the Detroit Furnace Company[58] was a small 62 feet high 75tpd hand filled coke furnace with pipe stoves more resembling a typical charcoal furnace. It had existed in one form or another since originally built in 1870. The Detroit Furnaces Co. when incorporated on April 1, 1906, with $150,000 in capital took it over as a charcoal furnace.[42][59] The company was acquired by Detroit Iron & Steel in 1917.[60] The furnace went out of blast for the last time in the fall of 1919 and was dismantled[61] to make room for a power plant of the Detroit City Gas Company.[62]

Michigan as the second largest producer of iron ore in the United States had however about a dozen charcoal furnaces in operation and ranked about 7th in pig iron production (1916).[63] Michigan pig iron production statistics 1872-1911: [42]: 223 

Charcoal Furnaces in Michigan (ca. 1916)[63]
CompanyTownOnOffbold=exact
Mitchell-Diggins Iron CoCadillac[64] March 6, 190644°15′50″N 85°24′36″W / 44.26376°N 85.41006°W / 44.26376; -85.41006[65]
East Jordan Furnace CoEast Jordan[66] Jan 17, 191045°10′07″N 85°08′06″W / 45.16864°N 85.13513°W / 45.16864; -85.13513[67]
Cleveland-Cliffs Iron CoGladstone[68] April 16, 189645°52′23″N 87°00′30″W / 45.87297°N 87.00822°W / 45.87297; -87.00822[69]
Antrim Iron CoAntrim[70]: 390 Feb 1888[71][72]
1943		44°53′22″N 85°04′24″W / 44.88933°N 85.07332°W / 44.88933; -85.07332[73]
Pioneer Iron CoMarquette46°33′54″N 87°23′42″W / 46.56509°N 87.39509°W / 46.56509; -87.39509[74]2 furnaces
Stephenson Charcoal Iron Co[n]WellsJuly 29, 1912[71][77][72]
1942		45°46′55″N 87°04′32″W / 45.78194°N 87.07563°W / 45.78194; -87.07563[78]
Charcoal Iron Company of America[p]Chocolay[70]186046°28′35″N 87°18′44″W / 46.47639°N 87.31222°W / 46.47639; -87.31222
Boyne City[70] Jan 1, 190545°13′22″N 85°01′01″W / 45.22280°N 85.01699°W / 45.22280; -85.01699[88]
Elk Rapids[70]July 187344°53′59″N 85°24′57″W / 44.89967°N 85.41578°W / 44.89967; -85.41578[89]
Manistique[70]Mar 4, 189145°58′05″N 86°14′42″W / 45.96799°N 86.24504°W / 45.96799; -86.24504[90]
Newberry[70] May 188346°21′26″N 85°30′23″W / 46.35719°N 85.50649°W / 46.35719; -85.50649[91]
New Metals Process CoMarquette46°34′08″N 87°24′11″W / 46.56888°N 87.40313°W / 46.56888; -87.40313[92]
green = Upper Peninsula
Ore received by ship on Lake Michigan (tons)
Port1910[93]1914[94]
South Chicago5,080,6793,606,587
Gary1,775,8801,631,564
Indiana Harbor287,172661,054
Milwaukee121,44693,121
Elk Rapids60,85728,437
Boyne City50,35550,098
East Jordan37,91038,158
Fruitport37,7850
Total7,452,0846,109,019

Hanna Furnace Company

Only three of the companies (names in bold) were relevant to the National Steel Corporation, the others were effectively dissolved before, their plants apparently having become technologically obsolete and no longer economically viable or no longer worthy of needed investment. Although in the case of the Buffalo Union Furnace Co. the company survived, but not its original plant.

Companies consolidated by Hanna Furnace Co.[95]
CompanyLocationBFIron Tpd
Detroit Iron & Steel Co.Zug Island2685
United Iron & Steel Co.West Middlesex, Pa.2735
Leetonia, Oh.

The Fannie furnace was one of 3 stacks of the Wheeler Furnace Co. of Sharon, Pennsylvania, whose adjacent furnace in West Middlesex was named Ella. Fanny was blown in on Oct 13, 1873 and rebuilt in 1885.[96]: 24  The 150tpd furnace, idle since 1896 was taken over by the recently organized Reed Furnace Co.[q] in 1899.[98] The Cherry Valley Iron Co. (Pittsburgh) obtained ownership of the plant on Apr 5, 1901.[99][97][100] [...] The furnace was dismantled in 1929.[101]

41°10′21″N 80°27′24″W / 41.17261°N 80.45663°W / 41.17261; -80.45663[102]

Leetonia, on the crossing of the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railway and the Niles and New Lisbon Railroad (branch of Cleveland & Mahoning Valley RR), was situated near deposits of high quality coking coal. William Lee was co-founder of the Leetonia Iron and Coal Company[r] and the namesake of the town.[104] The first furnace was built in 1867 and torn down in 1890. The second furnace was built in 1968 and rebuild in 1883 to a capacity of 50,000tpa.[96] The Cherry Valley Iron Company[s] was the successor to Leetonia Iron & Coal and took over their 2 blast furnaces and the adjacent rolling mill in 1873 and production restarted after a period of idleness.[106] The No. 1 furnace ranked #15 among 30 active Ohio blast furnaces in 1874, producing 4,498 of the total 192,016 tons (2.34%).[107] Cherry Valley had assumed a debt of $800,000 in 1873 and in 1879 defaulted on this debt.[108] Business was continued relatively seamlessly by a new company, the Cherry Valley Iron Works.[t][110] In 1899 the rolling mill was taken over by Republic Iron & Steel Co.[111] In 1900 the Cherry Valley Iron Company of Pittsburgh[u] took over the 200-ton furnace.[112] In 1904 the furnace was torn down and rebuilt (by Riter-Conley[113]), the number of beehive coke ovens doubled to 200.[114] [...] The furnace was rebuilt in 1924 and produced about 13,000 tons per month. The Davison Coke & Iron Co. took it over as a long-term lease in April 1929.[115] It was dismantled in 1936.[116]

40°52′51″N 80°45′17″W / 40.88091°N 80.75467°W / 40.88091; -80.75467[117]

The United Iron & Steel Co., incorporated on Nov 27, 1906, took over the business of the Cherry Valley Iron Company on Feb 8, 1907. The 2 furnaces had a combined capacity of 650 tons per day, additional property included 200 beehive coke ovens in Leetonia, iron ore properties in the Mesabi range and coal lands in the Connellsville Coalfield.[118][119] In July 1909 M. A. Hanna & Co entered into an agreement with the company by which they would operate the two plants and sell their outputs.[120]

Penn Iron & Coal Co.Dover, Oh.1450

The Tuscarawas Coal and Iron Co.[v] tore down their Fairfield furnace and replaced it with the 14,000tpa Dover furnace in 1878-79.[122]

...

The first installation of (24) Roberts-type byproduct coke ovens was built at the plant. The type was invented by Arthur Roberts and M. W. Ditto of Chicago.[123]

...

The furnace, acquired on Oct 18, 1929 by the Valley Furnace Co. and abandoned as of Dec 31, 1929,[101] was considered permanently abandoned in 1931.[124]

40°31′11″N 81°28′46″W / 40.51959°N 81.47942°W / 40.51959; -81.47942[125]

Buffalo Union Furnace Co.Buffalo, NY.3>1,000

A 4-year lease had been obtained by M. A. Hanna & Co on July 1, 1920, together with a 20-year purchase option. M. A. Hanna & Co. already were the sales agent for BUFCo. and held substantial stock interest when the lease was taken.[126] This lease was continued when the Hanna Furnace Co. was incorporated, albeit it had become a 40-year lease with a 20-year purchase option.[w][128] The lease was given up Nov 20, 1927 and the "Hamburgh Street Plant" reverted to BUFCo.[101] At the same time, Hanna Furnace Co. bought BUFCo. and consolidated it with the Rogers-Brown Iron Co. plant, continuing both businesses under Buffalo Union Furnace Co. control.[129] BUFCo. was renamed Hanna Furnace Corporation on Apr 22, 1930.[130]

The three furnaces ("A", "B" and "C") were first blown in on Feb 25, 1893, Aug 12, 1899 and Jun 18, 1901.[131] By 1919 the company considered them becoming obsolete in competition with recently built 600-1,000 ton furnaces.[x] Operation of the "C" furnace was discontinued in April 1925, and that of the "A" furnace in January 1928. The "B" furnace was still in operation on Jan 15, 1930, but was slated to be in its final campaign.[127] The Buffalo Union Furnace Company was incorporated on Nov 2, 1900 as the consolidation of the Buffalo Furnace Co.,[z] the Union Iron Works and the Buffalo Charcoal Iron Co.[aa] (each owning one furnace) with Daniel Rhodes Hanna president,[136] succeeded in 1909 by Frank Burkett Baird,[137] who was the original organizer of the three companies.[137][138]

42°51′48″N 78°51′30″W / 42.86333°N 78.85826°W / 42.86333; -78.85826 [139]

Donner-Hanna Coke CorpBuffalo

Incorporated May 15, 1917 in New York[140] as the Donner Union Coke Corp, name changed Apr 16, 1924.[141] Originally financed and owned by the United States government, which had a particular interest in the byproduct Toluol needed for explosives production amidst World War 1; built and intended to be operated pursuant to a public-private joint venture agreement of May 29, 1918.[142] Construction was suspended after the armistice and was resumed in April 1919.[143] Hanna Furnace Co. owned 50% of the stock (3,501 of 7,002 no-par shares). Batteries 1-3 consisted of 150 Koppers ovens[140] of 11.5 tons capacity each and run on a 14.3-hour coking time schedule (252 ovens pushed per day; ca. 1,000,000 tons per year). The plant began operations late in 1920, serving 3 furnaces of Buffalo Union Furnace Co. and 2 furnaces of the Donner Steel Company.[144]

The No. 4 battery was built in 1930.[145] One battery of 15 ovens rated at 114,000tpa was completed in 1943.[146] 36 new ovens were built in 1951.[147]

42°51′08″N 78°50′27″W / 42.85218°N 78.8409°W / 42.85218; -78.8409[148]

Hollister Mining Co
...and companies later acquired
Rogers-Brown Iron CompanyBuffalo41,400

The Rogers-Brown Iron Co. on May 1, 1927[149] defaulted on their $4,000,000 20-year 7% (NYSE-listed[150][151]) bonds due May 1, 1942. The Hanna Furnace Co. bought the bonds for 40 cents on the dollar and so obtained the property in 1927.[ab]

1903 RR map

The Buffalo & Susquehanna Iron Company was incorporated in New York on May 17, 1902 and on its 50-acre tract in Buffalo built two blast furnaces, blown in on Sep 27, 1904 and July 5, 1905 and having a capacity for 600-700tpd of foundry pig iron.[153] The Stock was equally divided between William Arthur Rogers{{efn| Also organized and was president of the Tonawanda Iron & Steel Co.[154][155]
portrait: [156]
Was president of the Punxsutawney Iron Company (one blast furnace at 40°56′28″N 78°58′57″W / 40.94114°N 78.9824°W / 40.94114; -78.9824[157]) until 1912.[158]} of Rogers, Brown & Co[ac] and Frank H. and Charles W. Goodyear of the Buffalo & Susquehanna Railroad Company, which at the time was adding many miles to their line to establish a connection between certain north-west Pennsylvania coal fields[af] and Buffalo.[169] The capital stock of $1,000,000 was sold at par for cash.[170] The new ship canal was formally opened in April 1905.[171]

The Rogers-Brown Iron Co. was incorporated in New York state on Dec 27, 1909.[172][173] The capital stock of Buffalo & Susquehanna Iron was acquired and a merger was completed in April 1910.[174] The company concurrently acquired adjoining land from the South Buffalo Canal & Dock Co. and on the combined 86-acre property set out to construct two new blast furnaces with a total additional capacity of 700tpd. William A. Rogers was president, Charles W. Goodyear was a director (Frank H. Goodyear had died in 1907).[175] The No. 3 furnace was blown in Feb 5, 1912, the No. 4 furnace on Aug 1, 1912.[176] William Silliman Rogers became president in 1923.[177]

The company faced serious and abrupt financial difficulties in 1921.[ag] While a handsome $400,000 (8%) of dividends on common stock were paid in 1920, this was the last common dividend ever paid by the company. The last preferred dividends were paid in the first half of 1921. With the exception of 1923 every year ended with a deficit after depreciation and interest charges.[ah] Under a rescue plan proposed in October 1925 to reassure holders of the 7% 1922 bonds, Rogers-Brown Iron Co. sold its Susquehanna mine in the Mesabi range to the Susquehanna Ore Co.,[ai] who as part of the deal assumed two senior bond issues that were (and continued to be) secured by mortgage on the blast furnace plant and the stocks of the mining subsidiaries:[aj] $995,000 remaining of the $3,000,000 sold in 1902 and $2,698,000 remaining of the $4,500,000 sold in 1910 and these bonds were not in default when Rogers-Brown Iron Co. went bankrupt in 1927 and were not relevant in the liquidation. The Susquehanna mine was a large and valuable deposit, but also a drain on resources unless operated at high capacity. On the downside it was released from securing the 1922 bonds, which is why bondholders had to approve the rescue plan.[186][187] The plan became effective Jan 1, 1926. M. A. Hanna & Co. became operator of the Susquehanna mine at Hibbing[ak] and also of the remaining Rogers-Brown iron mines at Iron River.[al][195] A major reason for the company's decline contradicting the prosperity of the Roaring Twenties was its high cost of coke. In a last ditch effort it was proposed to capture some byproduct in their beehive coke ovens using a relatively cheap conversion experimentally operating at 4 of their ovens. Buffalo was not a great market for coke oven gas and Rogers-Brown had not made the transition to byproduct coke ovens and had fallen behind the competition.[149]

42°50′02″N 78°50′57″W / 42.83381°N 78.84916°W / 42.83381; -78.84916[196][am]

Typical Number of Employees (ca. 1922)[151]
Buffalo plant550
Susquehanna iron mine73
Munro iron mines235
Coal mines796
Total1,654
Rogers-Brown 7% 1922 bonds Price Range[an]
YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
1922100High10097+3⁄497+7⁄896+1⁄29796+1⁄29593+1⁄8
93Low97+1⁄29796+1⁄8959594+3⁄493+7⁄893
192393High939091+1⁄290+1⁄290+1⁄289+1⁄28684+1⁄282+1⁄28686+5⁄884+1⁄2
80Low92+1⁄289+1⁄4909088+1⁄487+1⁄28582808083+1⁄882
192490High87+1⁄29089+1⁄285+1⁄288079+1⁄278+3⁄476+1⁄276+1⁄475+1⁄284+3⁄8
70Low8283+1⁄285+1⁄2807075+1⁄874+1⁄27674+1⁄275+1⁄27375
192583+1⁄2High83+1⁄283+1⁄282706676+3⁄4687065+1⁄2807979
60Low82+1⁄88373+3⁄4656463+7⁄861+1⁄4606361+3⁄46571+1⁄8
192673+3⁄4High7273+1⁄273+3⁄47071555353+1⁄25552+1⁄852+3⁄851
49Low687167+1⁄265+1⁄25551+1⁄450+1⁄849+1⁄249+7⁄85049+3⁄449
192750High5047+3⁄44438+3⁄43825+1⁄43739+3⁄839
24Low49+7⁄846+3⁄43835+3⁄42424+7⁄825+7⁄837+1⁄837+1⁄8
Iron Ore Shipments by Mine (tons)
RangeMenomineeMesabiMarquette
Munro Iron Mining Co
YearHiawatha
[204]		Munro
[205]		Chicagon
[206]		Rogers
[207]		Susquehanna
[208]		???[209]
18931,683
18940
18951,201
190011,008
190120,355
190274,596
190353,828[ao]8,739
190438,28832,332
19059,70492,183
1906[ap]2047,454[aq]20,984
1907046,834137,207
1908138,19027,773182,352
1909136,73923,241243,049
1910128,88420,022176,869
1911116,7369,303[ar]108,947147,741
1912220,10620,100149,619583,910
1913160,51018,508137,002904,019
191491,3690114,848[as]27,080906,913
191593,4550155,71153,158618,498
1916187,07017,621100,64081,842764,249
191762,84746,96090,786117,323609,198
1918176,96253,031109,57484,196569,630
191986,13830,91982,65550,341459,749
1920125,03045,971135,70094,061545,746
[ag]192141,50308300
1922126,88535,26348,744193,845473,818
1923146,257idle199,028617,616
1924196,427218,698494,603
1925263,054215,093206,872
1926191,716254,175528,500
1927169,755285,922632,345
1928171,062179,927505,094
1929208,960323,883606,124
Total3,400,338576,2541,234,3392,378,57210,933,076
Sykesville Coal Mine
YearCoalCokeBeehivesMenDays ActiveAccidents
TotalLocal
Use		Shipped
to
Market		Coal
Used		MadeActiveTotalMineOvensFatalNF
19047,4856,62508600n/a100812360[213]
1905122,90514,5321,369107,00472,61920030828317[214]
1906109,80714,6431,72893,43663,42624017002[215]
1907190,66017,12111,760161,779115,4762352896[216]
1908194,05913,74555,806124,50985,4222692272[217]
1909283,19619,76384,344179,089123,1083072959[218]
1910254,14920,15352,671181,316123,1712882653[219]
1911220,14020,99111,141188,008126,18127025121[220]
1912205,96319,37724,921161,665108,38226724301[221]
1913211,29722,4487,055181,794116,910[at]400287242[222]
1914410,08240,844478368,760268,24346225623[223]
1915488,75633,4490455,307318,64351030315[224]
1916405,33526,1845,824373,327263,66637142128927511[225]
1917418,06426,8528,362382,750266,57939342829328446[226]
1918385,45025,07910,167350,204240,74738342329028130[227]
1919302,59921,26334,322247,014170,10034943823820711[228]
1920371,12123,84316,424330,854237,06436640829329626[229]
1921163,20615,7472,561144,89899,29828535815816201[230]
1922192,56417,0364,629170,899115,0933893871701702[231]
1923397,85226,1676,416365,269255,01239442328129511[232]
1924262,37518,6103,976239,789162,3053984331892100[233]
1925365,18528,8383,647332,700221,63341523230515[234]
1926191,78014,36311,690165,727111,980374398138134n/a[235]
Tyler Coal Mine
YearCoalCokeBeehivesMenDays ActiveAccidents
TotalLocal
Use		Shipped
to
Market		Coal
Used		MadeActiveTotalMineOvensFatalNF
190451,1111,25049,86100n/a1003435202[236]
1905102,1423,8091,32997,00456,64920028219310[237]
1906204,7255,8148,427190,485104,589400449208[238]
1907290,0938,5123,831277,750152,37850725302[239]
1908229,7989,77089219,339125,679467187[240]
1909367,85216,4330351,419201,1936172811[241]
1910301,82513,849287,976161,61757725501[242]
1911330,17315,1339315,031174,6425532631[243]
1912316,25314,874291301,088171,50654325404[244]
1913327,93814,901312,746186,2905812820[245]
1914315,97714,6550301,322177,339659231[246]
1915452,91418,533434,381261,640723295012[247]
1916333,72214,715319,007190,30635451626525608[248]
1917246,22011,692234,528138,6122543702732594[249]
1918250,53811,835238,703134,3422843872852792[250]
1919226,73710,90927,540188,288105,100316431232199[251]
1920241,64215,94231,337194,363115,2242323422902081[252]
192149,4364,028045,40826,75326439463540[253]
192260,6456,06254,58331,6312973527773[254]
1923221,19823,2775,205192,716127,60329037725026020[255]
192476,2599,2461,55065,46339,4221963217510201[256]
192530,1353,9822,76323,39014,0851902334850[257]
1926167,30516,76613,262137,27785,3952002692462271n/a[258]

Buffalo & Susquehanna Steamship Co
NameTypeLaunchedBuilder
Frank H. Goodyear416ftAug 23, 1902American Shipbuilding Company Lorain

sank after collision with steamer James B. Wood 35 miles off Pointe Aux Barques (Lake Huron) May 23, 1910 with 17 dead.[259]

Stephen M. Clement500ft 8,500ton[au]May 20, 1905AmShip Lorain[260][261]
Hugh Kennedy552ft 10,000tonJan 26, 1907AmShip Lorain[262][261]
Buffalo Steamship Co[av]
William C. Agnew10,400ton bulk freighter + passengerFeb 11, 1911AmShip Lorain[264][261]
Frank H. Goodyear600ft 12,000tonApr 26, 1917Great Lakes Engineering Works[265]

During the winter season with passage through the Great Lakes ore route blocked the ships could be used as floating warehouses.[266]

Boland & Cornelius bought the 4 ships (40,900 tons) in September 1922 and now had 17 steamers (145,000 tons) and were sixth largest vessel operator on the Great Lakes.[261]

Pig Iron Industry in New York

Iron smelting grew explosively in the state between 1904 and 1906.

Pig Iron Shipped from Blast Furnaces in New York
YearLong TonsFurnaces
Jun 30Dec 31
In BlastOutTotal
1902401,369[267]
1903552,917
1904605,709[268]
19051,198,068[269]
19061,552,6591817825
19071,659,75217[aw]91726[270]
19081,019,4958151227[271]
19091,733,67515171128[272]
19101,938,40718151429
19111,562,75615131629[273]
19121,939,23117191029
191320121628[274]
191413121527
19152,010,0761618927[275]
19162,289,6082018927
19172,276,3672121425[276]
19182,482,4502423427
19191,854,54915161127[277]
19202,415,62721161127
1921786,713[ax]3101727[278]
19221,708,60513151227
19232,426,52224181028[279]
19241,914,5459151227
19252,151,03610171027[280]
19262,389,66515161026
19272,401,43215141125[281]
19282,369,81413131023
19292,626,77116111021[282]
19301,638,3231251621

Producers Steamship Company

Incorporated July 8, 1916 in Ohio.[140]

NameTypeLaunchedBuilder
Abraham Stearn
Edward N. Saunders Jr1914
John C. Williams		545ft 10,000tonsFeb 28, 1906AmShip Superior[283][284][285]
J. Q. Riddle
J. J. Turner1914
George R. Fink		552ft 10,000tonsJun 30, 1906AmShip Lorain[286][283][284]
Sheldon Parks
Edward Uhrig1914
David M. Weir		552ft 10,000tonsDec 22, 1906AmShip Superior[284][283][287]
William A. Hawgood
R. L. Agassiz		Oct 19, 1907AmShip Chicago[288]
Quincy A. Shaw
Edmund W. Mudge		May 17, 1911AmShip Lorain[289]
Louis W. Hill550ft 10,000tonsJuly 14, 1917AmShip Lorain[290]
Carmi A. Thompson554ftAug 18, 1917AmShip Lorain[291]
William A. AmbergSep 15, 1917AmShip Lorain[292]

Michigan Steel Corp

Michigan Steel Corp produced sheet steel for the automobile industry. It was effectively the first finishing department of the later Great Lakes Steel Corp steel works and was apparently quite successful as an independent company from 1923 till 1931.

Profits before int. & tax[293][294][295]
1924$557.284
1925$1,067,945
1926$1,077,463
1927$1,137,052
1928$1,262,381
1929$1,939,262

The company issued $500,000 in 15-year 6.75% bonds dated May 1, 1923, as collateral a sheet steel plant of 36,000 tons per year capacity valued at ca. $1 million.[296] Incorporated in New Jersey on September 23, 1922[294] with George Rupert Fink president, the Ecorse, Michigan sheet mill plant on 40 acres (42°14′13″N 83°09′13″W / 42.2369°N 83.1536°W / 42.2369; -83.1536 (Michigan Steel Corporation sheet mill (est. 1923))[297]: 17 [ay]) and built since December 1922,[298] began production on July 5, 1923, first and foremost as a supplier of the automobile industry. The capacity of the plant more than doubled between 1923 and 1928 (to 180,000 tons[294]). The company issued $1,250,000 10-year 6% bonds dated November 1, 1928, to redeem all remaining $239,500 of the 1923 bonds, for plant additions and working capital (increased to $2,208,000 May 1, 1930[295][299] and called for redemption November 1, 1931.[300]). The company also had 220,000 no par shares authorized and outstanding; 22,000 originally issued for ($1,000,000[301] in) cash and split 10-for-1 in July 1928;[294] 50,000 made available in an initial public offering[302] at $50 per share in August 1928.[303] With over $12,000,000 market capitalization as of October 1928,[293] was traded on the Detroit Stock Exchange from October 1928 until February 17, 1931[304][305] and on October 20, 1928, began paying a quarterly dividend of 62+1⁄2 cents.[306] The company had previously paid dividends on the 22,000 shares in each of the 5 years 1924-1928, a total of $53.75 per share.[294] The stock traded on the New York Curb Exchange for a few months and was listed on the NYSE from end of April 1929[307] till January 27, 1931.[308]

Michigan Steel Corp price range[az]
YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJan
1928High58586560
Low51+1⁄454+5⁄85558
1929High84+3⁄4105101+3⁄4105108+1⁄4122+7⁄8114+3⁄4112102+7⁄87359+7⁄8
Low62+1⁄281100+1⁄49585107+3⁄8104104595044
1930High74+3⁄47373+3⁄474+7⁄8777574+3⁄868+1⁄459+1⁄459484546+7⁄8
Low5363+1⁄265+7⁄8655958+1⁄460+3⁄854+3⁄449+1⁄241+1⁄442+1⁄238+1⁄243+1⁄4

Great Lakes Steel Corp

External videos
video icon Men and Mills (ca. 1950)

Incorporated on February 23, 1929.[140]

Large amounts of sand had to be brought to the 275 acres of marshland in Ecorse, Michigan, to raise it sufficiently above water level.[318]

Timeline of the Great Lakes Steel works[318]
YearDateEvent
1929May 25Excavation starts
June 28First pile driven
August 14First concrete poured
1930August 23first open hearth heat[319]
August 25first ingot rolled on the blooming and billet mills
September 2first strip rolled
1931March14-inch merchant mill first roll[ba]
July10-inch merchant mill first roll
August 5[320]NSC announced completion of work
1933Open hearth #7 and #8 completed
1935OctoberOpen hearth #9, #10, #11, #12 completed
1936March 23Hot strip mill operating
June 1Cold strip mill operating
1938FebruaryOpen hearth #13, #14, #15, #16 in second OH shop completed
May 23second blooming/slabbing mill operating
August 16Blast furnace #3 blown in
October 6Byproduct coke plant blown in
1941Sintering plant begins operations
Blast furnace #1 or #2 dismantled to make room for #4
December 9Blast furnace #4 blown in
1946Bessemer converter #1, #2 for OH shop No. 1 installed
1949Open hearth enlarged to 500 tons
1952September 22Blast furnace #5 blown in
1953Bessemers for OH shop No. 2 installed
1955January 1new coke plant completed

National Steel Corp

The National Steel Corp. (NSC) was a holding company, incorporated in Delaware on November 7, 1929.[321] It had an authorized capital of 3,000,000 shares and 2,080,000 were issued in exchange for:

  1. 1,120,000 shares or 4.7 NSC shares for each (of 237,720 outstanding[322]) par $100 share of the Weirton Steel Company
  2. 560,000 NSC shares for shares of certain Hanna subsidiaries
  3. 400,000 NSC shares exchanged 1:1 for no par common shares of Great Lakes. Great Lakes shareholders also received warrants for up to 180,000 additional shares at fixed strike prices.[bb][1]
The steel industry in 1929[323]
CompanyIngot Tons
U.S. Steel24,201,500
Bethlehem Steel8,000,000
Jones & Laughlin3,270,000
Youngstown
Sheet & Tube		2,717,000
Republic
Iron & Steel		2,160,000
Inland Steel1,800,000

National Steel thus became the 6th largest steel company of the United States with a capacity for 3,500,000 tons of iron ore, 1,750,000 tons of pig iron and 2,000,000 tons of steel ingots.[324]

In January 1931 NSC purchased all assets and assumed all liabilities of the Michigan Steel Corp (dissolved January 15, 1931) in exchange for cash and securities in the neighborhood of $12 million.[bc]

The entire outstanding share capital of these companies was owned by NSC:

  • Weirton Steel Co.
  • Weirton Coal Company
  • The Hanna Furnace Corp (incorp. 1920 in Delaware)[bd]
  • The Hanna Furnace Corp (New York)[be]
  • The Hanna Iron Ore Company (Delaware)[bj]
  • The Producers Steamship Company[bk]
  • Great Lakes Steel Corp
  • Michigan Steel Corp (Delaware)
  • Midwest Steel Corp[bl][326]

NSC raised capital with $40 million 25-year 5% bonds dated April 1, 1931.[326] The debt was refinanced in 1935 and 1939 at successively lower interest rates while the maturity date (1965) remained unchanged.[bm]

On August 5, 1931, NSC completed its $36.5 million expansion program, among which was the $29 million steel plant of the Great Lakes Steel Corporation.[320]

Changes in capital structure (Aug 1932)[338]
CompanyparShares beforeShares after
Hanna Furnace Corp (Del)$10989,500100property transferred to Great Lakes Steel Corp
Weirton Steel Co$100237,7201,000no change in book value of shares
Great Lakes Steelno par400,0001,000
Hanna Iron Ore Cono par50,0001,000
Producers SS Co$1009,6001,000re-incorporated in Delaware, no change in book value
Virginia Ore Mining Co$100600

During 1933 all outstanding 2,156,832 shares of no par value were exchanged 1:1 for shares of $25 par.[339] The authorized capital in 1939 was still 3,000,000 shares and there were then 2,199,822 outstanding.[337] Effective March 30, 1950, the common stock was split 3-for-1.[340]

NSC common stock price range and regular dividend payments
1930s[bn]
0123456789
Low4118+1⁄213+1⁄31534+1⁄240+3⁄857+1⁄45544+3⁄452
High6258+1⁄833+7⁄855+1⁄858+1⁄483+3⁄47899+1⁄481+3⁄482
Div.$2$2$0.75$0.625$1$1.5$2.5$1$1.7
1940s[bo]
Low484243+3⁄45257+7⁄8657574+3⁄481+1⁄473+1⁄2
High73+3⁄468+1⁄25464+1⁄27085+3⁄4101+1⁄295114+1⁄295+1⁄2
1950s[bp]
Low[bq]434340+1⁄846586449+1⁄247+1⁄874+1⁄4
High[br]565352+1⁄46677+1⁄277+7⁄880+1⁄477+3⁄498+1⁄2

Post war years

The post-World War II years brought about record profits for the company as steel was in high demand. The company continued to post healthy profits in the 1970s, although the latter half of the decade saw some sharp and turbulent profit slumps. The increasing consumption of imported steel was often an attributed problem. It acquired United Financial Corporation, in 1979, adding another sundry item for its portfolio. United Financial was the parent company of Citizens Savings & Loan Association of San Francisco, which was the seventh‐largest savings and loan in the United States.[380]

1980s

Beginning in 1980, the company reported a serious loss of demand and with it profits in its core steel business. A roller coaster earnings surge the next year crashed down the year after that due to a further increase in imports and low demand.[381] In 1983, shareholders agreed to create National Intergroup, a holding company, and merge the steel business as one many units into it. The corporate reorganization was a further step to an already initiated arrangement that started in 1982, which broke the company into six independently managed units. The move was intended to better administer the company which had become diversified away from steel into aluminum and financial services. That same year, the workers of the Weirton mill purchased their operation from National Steel, forming an independent employee-owned corporation.[382]

In February 1984, Nippon Kokan K.K., a major Japanese steel producer, acquired 50% of National Steel from National Intergroup for US$292 million. Later in 1990, the Japanese firm would claim another 20% share from National Intergroup, which was eager to sell the steel business.[383] The company stumbled through troubled years as it shed thousands of workers and faced bankruptcy in 1991.

Amidst the savings and loan crisis in 1981, West Side Federal Savings and Loan Association of New York and the Washington Savings and Loan Association of Miami were acquired and merged with Citizens, creating the country's largest federally chartered savings and loan association. The Federal Home Loan Bank Board approved the first interstate consolidation of savings and loan associations largely because National Steel was willing to provide $75 million in cash to the new association, whose combined assets would be $6.8 billion with 136 branches in the three states.[384][385] The branches were rebranded as First Nationwide Savings in 1982,[386] when National Steel sold a 19% share of First Nationwide to the public.[387] Ford Motor Company acquired First Nationwide for $493 million in 1985.[388]

National Steel spun-off its computer data subsidiary Genix which spun-off the current-day Corporate Election Services, a market leader in proxy statement and proxy fight services based in suburban Pittsburgh.

1990s

The company announced in 1991 that it would re-locate its longtime Pittsburgh headquarters to the South Bend, Indiana, area.[389]

In 1994, the company caused a stir in the industry when it terminated nearly all of its vice presidents, President and CFO, and replaced them by hiring nearly the complete executive staff of the U.S. Steel Gary Works, including V. John Goodwin who was named the new President of National Steel.[390] U.S. Steel was incensed and filed a lawsuit which the two companies settled out-of-court in 1995.[391] However these drastic leadership changes were short-lived, as Goodwin resigned in 1996, the result of a bitter dispute with the Japanese ownership and by 1998 nearly all of the U.S. Steel expatriates had departed from National.[392]

2000s

In 2000, when an internal auditor, tipped off by an informer, discovered that longtime executive James Squires was receiving millions of dollars in kickbacks from scrap suppliers. In August 2001, Squires was convicted in Federal Court of receiving kickbacks, and in 2002 was sentenced to two years imprisonment. Later he was forced to pay National approximately $3,000,000 in a civil lawsuit.[393][394]

The company filed for bankruptcy protection in 2002, the result of a deep depression in the industry.

Bankruptcy

The company would never again enjoy extended periods of profit and finally in March 2002, it filed for bankruptcy with only $2.3 billion in assets for $2.6 billion in debt. After a bidding war between AK Steel and U.S. Steel, in May 2003 the remains of National Steel were sold to U.S. Steel for $850 million and the assumption of $200 million in debt.[395] US Steel continues to operate National's Keewatin, Minnesota mining operation and pellet plant under the new name of Keewatin Taconite or Keetac.

Notes

  • ^ "National Steel Net $3.91 a share", Wall Street Journal, March 21, 1931
  • ^ "One Steelmaker Earns Dividends", Wall Street Journal, June 30, 1932

References

  1. 1 2 "National Steel Corp. - Merger Plan Approved". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 129, no. 3354. October 5, 1929. p. 2242.
  2. 1 2 "National Steel Co. - Official Statement". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 68, no. 1763. April 8, 1899. p. 672.
  3. ↑ "National Steel Co. - Listed". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 70, no. 1819. May 5, 1900. p. 897.
  4. 1 2 3 "The National Steel Company". The Iron Age. Vol. 63, no. 6. February 9, 1899. p. 21.
  5. ↑ "Industrial Summary - New Enterprises". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 24, no. 29. July 16, 1891. p. 10.
  6. ↑ "General Industrial Notes". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 26, no. 4. January 26, 1893. p. 17.
  7. ↑ "Manufacturing - Iron and Steel". The Iron Age. Vol. 53, no. 13. March 29, 1894. p. 618.
  8. ↑ "Cincinnati's Iron Business for a Year". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 26, no. 15. April 13, 1893. p. 11.
  9. ↑ "Manufacturing - Iron and Steel". The Iron Age. Vol. 51. April 13, 1893. p. 858.
  10. ↑ "Industrial Summary - General Industrial News". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 24, no. 8. February 19, 1891. p. 8.
  11. ↑ "Shenango Valley Steel Co.'s Acquisitions". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 26, no. 16. April 20, 1893. p. 10.
  12. ↑ "Manufacturing - Iron and Steel". The Iron Age. Vol. 64, no. 26. December 28, 1899. p. 24.
  13. ↑ "Louis S. Hoyt v. Shenango Valley Steel Company". The Iron Age. Vol. 65, no. 6. February 8, 1900. p. 33.
  14. ↑ "Manufacturing - Iron and Steel". The Iron Age. Vol. 50. December 8, 1892. p. 1120.
  15. ↑ "Manufacturing - Iron and Steel". The Iron Age. Vol. 50. December 22, 1892. p. 1227.
  16. ↑ "Industrial Items - Pennsylvania". The Iron Age. Vol. 19, no. 2. January 11, 1877. p. 9.
  17. ↑ "Ohio". Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States. Vol. 14. American Iron and Steel Association. 1898. p. 22.
  18. 1 2 3 "The Wheeling District Consolidation". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 30, no. 27. July 8, 1897. p. 11.
  19. ↑ "The Aetna-Standard Salutes the Trade". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 26, no. 20. May 18, 1893. p. 18.
  20. ↑ "Ohio". Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States. Vol. 7. American Iron and Steel Association. 1884. p. 61.
  21. 1 2 3 "Ohio". Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States. Vol. 14. American Iron and Steel Association. 1898. p. 51.
  22. ↑ "(no title)". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 27, no. 39. September 27, 1894. p. 9. {{cite magazine}}: Cite uses generic title (help)
  23. ↑ "General Industrial Notes". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 30, no. 31. August 5, 1897. p. 17.
  24. ↑ "Course of Prices of Railroad and Miscellaneous Stocks for the Year 1899". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 70, no. 1802. January 6, 1900. p. 25.
  25. ↑ "Course of Prices of Railroad and Miscellaneous Stocks for the Year 1900". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 72, no. 1854. January 5, 1901. p. 28.
  26. ↑ "Course of Prices of Railroad and Miscellaneous Stocks for the Year 1901". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 74, no. 1906. January 4, 1902. p. 27.
  27. ↑ "United States Steel Corporation - Incorporation". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 72, no. 1862. March 2, 1901. p. 441.
  28. ↑ "United States Steel Corporation - Increase of Stock". The Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 72, no. 1867. April 6, 1901. p. 679.
  29. ↑ "United States Steel Corporation". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 72, no. 1870. April 27, 1901. p. 171.
  30. ↑ "Detroit Iron & Steel Co. - Bonds". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 78, no. 2033. June 11, 1904. p. 2387.
  31. ↑ "(no title)". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 41, no. 1. July 4, 1907. p. 8. {{cite magazine}}: Cite uses generic title (help)
  32. ↑ "Detroit Iron & Steel". Moody's Manual of Railroad and Corporation Securities. Vol. 8. 1907. p. 2013.
  33. ↑ "Detroit Iron & Steel". Moody's Manual of Railroad and Corporation Securities. Vol. 9. 1908. p. 2238.
  34. ↑ "Detroit Iron & Steel Co. - Bonds Called". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 119, no. 3092. September 27, 1924. p. 1513.
  35. ↑ "Detroit Iron and Steel Election". Michigan Manufacturer and Financial Record. Vol. 22, no. 1. July 6, 1918. p. 30.
  36. ↑ "Obituaries". The Engineering and Mining Journal. Vol. 146, no. 4. April 1945. p. 128.
  37. ↑ A History of Cleveland and its Environs. Vol. 3. Lewis Publishing Co. 1918. p. 506.
  38. ↑ "Detroit Iron & Steel Co. - Status". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 76, no. 1980. June 6, 1903. p. 1251.
  39. ↑ "Industrial Summary". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 35, no. 18. May 1, 1902. p. 76c.
  40. ↑ Moody's Manual of Railroads and Corporation Securities (19th annual). Vol. 3. 1918. p. 478.
  41. ↑ "The Detroit Iron & Steel Co". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 35, no. 16. April 17, 1902. p. 28.
  42. 1 2 3 R.C. Allen; et al. (1912). "Coke Furnaces". Mineral Resources of Michigan With Statistical Tables of Production and Value of Mineral Products for 1910 and Prior Years (Michigan Geological and Biological Survey Publication 8, Geological Series 6). p. 242.
  43. ↑ "New Construction". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 35, no. 26. June 26, 1902. p. 42.
  44. ↑
    BatteryOvensSince
    130September 1901
    230November 1902
    360March 1906
    4121909
    "Complete List of by-product and retort coke-oven plants of the United States, January 1, 1911". Mineral Resources of the United States 1910. Vol. 2. 1910. p. 267.
  45. 1 2 "The Zug Island Furnace of the Detroit Iron and Steel Co". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 38, no. 22. June 1, 1905. p. 15.
  46. ↑ "General Industrial Notes". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 37, no. 8. February 25, 1904. p. 56.
  47. ↑ "New Iron and Steel Works Construction - Merchant Blast Furnaces". The Iron Age. Vol. 89, no. 1. January 4, 1912. p. 102.
  48. 1 2 "The New Blast Furnace of the Detroit Iron & Steel Company". The Iron Age. Vol. 86, no. 20. November 17, 1910. p. 1145.
  49. ↑ Plate 79 (1910)
  50. ↑ "Detroit Iron & Steel Co. - Ruled off Detroit Exchange". The Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 110, no. 2866. May 29, 1920. p. 2294.
  51. ↑ "Hanna Furnace Co. - Consolidation of Hanna Interests". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 111, no. 2889. November 6, 1920. p. 1856.
  52. ↑ "News of the Works". The Iron Age. Vol. 76, no. 24. December 14, 1905. p. 1620.
  53. ↑ "News of the Works". The Iron Age. Vol. 84, no. 21. November 18, 1909. p. 1575.
  54. ↑ Mineral Resources of the Unisted States 1919 - Part 1: Metals. 1922. p. 640.
  55. ↑ "Pig Iron Loss is 7.720,000 Tons". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 56, no. 1. January 7, 1915. p. 47.
  56. ↑ "Help Wanted". The Iron Age. Vol. 101, no. 26. June 27, 1918. p. 348.
  57. ↑ Volume 4, Plate 106 (1897)
  58. ↑ "Iron and Industrial Stocks". The Iron Age. Vol. 90, no. 2. July 11, 1912. p. 108.
  59. ↑ "Michigan". Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States. American Iron and Steel Association. 1904. p. 344.
  60. ↑ "Detroit Iron & Steel Co. - Acquisition". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 105, no. 2717. July 21, 1917. p. 292.
  61. ↑ "Detroit Furnace Sold". The Iron Age. Vol. 105, no. 11. March 11, 1920. p. 785.
  62. ↑ Volume 4, Plate 114 (1922)
  63. 1 2 "Chemical Industries of Michigan - Iron and Steel". Chamical & Metallurgical Engineering. Vol. 21, no. 6. September 15, 1919. p. 332.
  64. ↑ "News of the Works". The Iron Age. Vol. 77, no. 13. March 29, 1906. p. 1120.
  65. ↑ Plate 20, Index (1906)
    Plate 29, Index (1914)
  66. ↑ "New Iron and Steel Works Construction - Mechant Blast Furnaces". The Iron Age. Vol. 87, no. 1. January 5, 1911. p. 38.
  67. ↑ Plate 1 (1912)
  68. ↑ Tom A. Hanna (1902–1903). "Pig Iron Division". State of Michigan - Mines and Mineral Statistics (Report). p. 121.
  69. ↑ Plate 6, Index (1900)
    Plate 9, Index (1907)
    Plate 11, Index (1913)
  70. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Lake Superior Iron and Chemical Company". Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States. Vol. 17. American Iron and Steel Association. 1908. p. 215.
  71. 1 2 "Dear Editor". The Iron Age. Vol. 153, no. 4. April 13, 1944. p. 94.
  72. 1 2 "Iron Ore..." Steel. Vol. 116, no. 9. February 26, 1945. p. 158.
  73. ↑ Plate 2 (1890)
    Plate 3 (1896)
    Plate 5, Index (1901)
    Plate 5, Index (1907)
    Plate 5, Index (1917)
  74. ↑ Plate 23 (1917)
  75. ↑ "(no title)". The Iron Age. Vol. 90, no. 6. August 8, 1912. p. 299. {{cite magazine}}: Cite uses generic title (help)
  76. ↑ "Making Charcoal Iron Under Modern Conditions". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 51, no. 14. October 3, 1912. p. 619.
  77. ↑ "Furnace From Florida to Texas". The Iron Age. Vol. 156, no. 20. November 15, 1945. p. 67.
  78. ↑ Plate 33, Index (1913)
    Plate 30, Index, Index (1921)
  79. ↑ "Lake Superior Iron & Chemical Co. - Offering of Bonds in London". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 91, no. 2375. December 31, 1910. p. 1774.
  80. ↑ "Obituary - Joseph H. Berry". Oil, Paint and Drug Reporter. Vol. 71, no. 22. June 3, 1907. p. 8.
  81. ↑ "Obituary". The Iron Age. Vol. 79, no. 22. May 30, 1907. p. 1663.
  82. ↑ "The Lake Superior Iron and Chemical Co". Oil, Paint and Drug Reporter. Vol. 78, no. 1. July 4, 1910. p. 16.
  83. ↑ "The Lake Superior Iron & Chemical". The Iron Age. Vol. 81, no. 17. April 23, 1908. p. 1311.
  84. ↑ Plate 34 (1909)
  85. ↑ Plate 9 (1917)
  86. ↑ "Lake Superior Iron & Chemical Affairs". The Iron Age. Vol. 95, no. 22. June 3, 1915. p. 1267.
  87. ↑ "Charcoal Iron Company of America". Michigan Manual of Corporation Securities. Vol. 3. Michigan Manufacturer and Financial Record. 1916. p. 42.
  88. ↑ Plate 1 (1905)
    Plate 2, Index (1911)
    Plate 16, Index (1919)
  89. ↑ Plate 1 (1895)
    Plate 1 (1900)
    Plate 1 (1907)
  90. ↑ Plate 5, Index (1890)
    Plate 9, Index (1895)
    Plate 11, Index (1900)
    Plate 14, Index (1907)
    Plate 13, Index (1914)
    Plate 2, Index (1920)
  91. ↑ Plate 2 (1893)
    Plate 2 (1900)
    Plate 4, Index (1906)
    Plate 4, Index (1917)
  92. ↑ Plate 22 (1917)
  93. ↑ Beeson's Marine Directory of the Northwestern Lakes. 1911. p. 151.
  94. ↑ "Lake Michigan Ore Receipts". Beeson's Marine Directory of the Northwestern Lakes. 1915. p. 230.
  95. ↑ "Hanna Furnace Co.". Moody's Analyses of Investments - Industrial. Vol. 12. 1921. p. 1234.
  96. 1 2 "Ohio". Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States. Vol. 11. 1892. p. 57.
  97. 1 2 "Manufacturing - Iron and Steel". The Iron Age. Vol. 67, no. 16. April 18, 1901. p. 29.
  98. ↑ "Manufacturing - Iron and Steel". The Iron Age. Vol. 63, no. 13. March 30, 1899. p. 21.
  99. ↑ "The Latest Trade News". Bulletin of the American Iron and Steel Association. Vol. 35, no. 8. April 25, 1901. p. 61.
  100. ↑ "Manufacturing - Iron and Steel". The Iron Age. Vol. 67, no. 17. April 25, 1901. p. 28.
  101. 1 2 3 "The Hanna Furnace Co". Directory of the Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada. Vol. 21. 1930. p. 168.
  102. ↑ Plate 1 (1895)
    Index, Plate 3 (1900)
    Index, Plate 3 (1905)
    Index, Plate 3 (1912)
    Index, Plate 3 (1921)
  103. ↑ "Incorporated Companies". Annual Report of the Secretary of State [of Ohio] for 1866 (Report). 1867. p. 19.
  104. ↑ "Township of Salem - Industries - Leetonia Iron and Coal Company". History of Columbiana County, Ohio (illustrated). 1879. p. 243.
  105. ↑ "Names of Companies Incorporated". Annual Report of the Secretary of State [of Ohio] for 1873 (Report). p. 58.
  106. ↑ "Business Items". The Iron Age. Vol. 13, no. 13. March 26, 1874. p. 9.
  107. ↑ "1874 Ohio Pig Iron Statistics". Annual Report of the Secretary of State [of Ohio] for 1875 (Report). 1876. p. 431.
  108. ↑ "Failure of the Cherry Valley Iron Company". The Iron Age. Vol. 23, no. 9. February 27, 1879. p. 13.
  109. ↑ "Companies Organized for Manufacturing Purposes". Annual Report of the Secretary of State [of Ohio] for 1879 (Report). 1880. p. 116.
  110. ↑ "Industrial Items - Ohio". The Iron Age. Vol. 24, no. 9. August 28, 1879. p. 22.
  111. ↑ "Manufacturing - Iron and Steel". The Iron Age. Vol. 63, no. 26. June 29, 1899. p. 23.
  112. ↑ "Manufacturing - Iron and Steel". The Iron Age. Vol. 65, no. 19. May 10, 1900. p. 23.
  113. ↑ "The Cherry Valley Iron Company". The Iron Age. Vol. 72, no. 19. November 5, 1903. p. 47.
  114. ↑ "Manufacturing Iron & Steel". The Iron Age. Vol. 74, no. 17. October 27, 1904. p. 49.
  115. ↑ "Davison Company Leases Furnaces". The Iron Age. Vol. 123, no. 17. April 25, 1929. p. 1171.
  116. ↑ "(no title)". The Iron Age. Vol. 136, no. 19. November 7, 1935. p. 100. {{cite magazine}}: Cite uses generic title (help)
  117. ↑ Plate 2 (1884)
    Plate 1 (1888)
    Plate 1 (1893)
    Index, Plate 7 (1903)
    Plate 1 (1910)
  118. ↑ "United Iron & Steel Co. - Plans Consumated". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 84, no. 2178. March 23, 1907. p. 697.
  119. ↑ "The United Iron and Steel Company". The Iron Age. Vol. 78, no. 17. October 25, 1906. p. 1104.
  120. ↑ "United Iron & Steel Co. - To be Operated by M. A. Hanna & Co". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 89, no. 2299. July 17, 1909. p. 167.
  121. ↑ "Annual Report of Secretary of State - Incorporated Companies". Annual Reports [to the General Assembly of Ohio] for 1865 (Report). 1866. p. 453.
  122. ↑ "Industrial Items - Ohio". The Iron Age. Vol. 23, no. 6. February 6, 1879. p. 24.
  123. ↑ "By-Products Coke Oven Tests Point to Solution of Gasoline Supply Problem". Oil, Paint and Drug Reporter. Vol. 93, no. 25. June 17, 1918. p. 48.
  124. ↑ "Pig Iron Production Lowest Since 1921 - Net Loss of Nine Furnaces". The Iron Age. Vol. 128, no. 6. August 6, 1931. p. 394.
  125. ↑ Index, Plate 3 (1887)
    Plate 1 (1893)
    Index, Plate 6 (1893)
    Index, Plate 7 (1907)
    Index, Plate 2 (1914)
  126. ↑ "M. A. Hanna & Co. Take Over Buffalo Union Furnace Co". The Iron Age. Vol. 106, no. 2. July 8, 1920. p. 79.
  127. 1 2 "Buffalo Union Furnace Company v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue (Docket 16075, 16076)". United States Board of Tax Appeals - Reports (Report). Vol. 23. May 29, 1931. p. 442.
  128. ↑ "Hanna Furnace Co. - New Organization Formed by Cleveland Firm With Assets Exceeding $19,000,000". The Iron Age. Vol. 106, no. 17. October 21, 1920. p. 1071.
  129. ↑ "Buffalo Union Furnace Co. - Acquired by Hanna Furnace Co". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 125, no. 3261. December 24, 1927. p. 3486.
  130. ↑ "Poor's Cumulative Service (Apr 1 - Jun 30 1930)". 1930. p. 106.
  131. ↑ "The Buffalo Union Furnace Company". Directory of the Iron and Steel Works of the United States. Vol. 16. 1904. p. 107.
  132. ↑ "The Iron and Steel Industry on the Niagara Frontier". Iron and Steel Engineer. Vol. 22, no. 1. January 1945. p. 95.
  133. ↑ "The Union Iron Company of Buffalo, New York". The Iron Age. Vol. 14, no. 17. October 22, 1874. p. 3.
  134. ↑ "The New Blast Furnace at Buffalo". The Bulletin of the American Iron and Steel Association. Vol. 26, no. 30. August 17, 1892. p. 234.
  135. ↑ "Late News". The Engineering and Mining Journal. Vol. 68, no. 12. September 16, 1899. p. 354.
  136. ↑ "Buffalo Union Furnace Co. - Consolidation". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 71, no. 1848. November 24, 1900. p. 1069.
  137. 1 2 "Organizer of Buffalo Union Furnace Co. Dead". Steel. Vol. 105, no. 21. November 20, 1939. p. 31.
  138. ↑ "The Buffalo Union Furnace Company". The Iron Age. Vol. 84, no. 6. August 5, 1909. p. 417.
  139. ↑ Index, Plate 73L, Plate 73R (1889)
    Index, Plate 523, Plate 524 (1900)
    Index, Plate 737 (1917)
  140. 1 2 3 4 5 "A-9455 - National Steel Corporation". Listing Statements of the New York Stock Exchange (June-July 1930). Vol. 83. 1930.
  141. ↑ The Cumulative Daily Digest of Corporation News (2nd quarter 1924). Poor's Publishing Co. 1924. p. 206.
  142. ↑ [Hearings on the] Fortification Appropriations Bill of 1921 (66th Congress). p. 248.
  143. ↑ "Industrial News". Coal Age. Vol. 15, no. 15. April 10, 1919. p. 687.
  144. ↑ "Serving Two Plants With Coke". The Iron Age. Vol. 118, no. 3. July 15, 1926. p. 145.
  145. 1 2 "National Steel Corp. - Expansion Plans of Two Subsidiaries Announced". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 130, no. 3370. January 25, 1930. p. 635.
  146. ↑ "Koppers Completes 18 Coke Batteries". The Iron Age. Vol. 153, no. 1. January 6, 1944. p. 122.
  147. ↑ "Metallurgical Coke..." Steel. Vol. 129, no. 7. August 13, 1951. p. 158.
  148. ↑ Index, Plate 1071 (1940)
  149. 1 2 "Bondholders Organize". The Iron Age. Vol. 119, no. 19. May 12, 1927. p. 23.
  150. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co. - Listing". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 115, no. 2983. August 26, 1922. p. 996.
  151. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "A-5755 - Rogers-Brown Iron Company". Listing Statements of the New York Stock Exchange. Vol. 23. August 2, 1922. p. 3972.
  152. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co. - Sale of Company". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 125, no. 3251. October 15, 1927. p. 2159.
  153. 1 2 "Buffalo & Susquehanna Iron Company - Official Statement to the New York Stock Exchange". The Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 83, no. 2142. July 14, 1906. p. 101.
  154. ↑ "Obituaries". Steel. Vol. 118, no. 15. April 15, 1946. p. 93.
  155. ↑ "William Arthur Rogers". Niagara Frontier - A Narrative and Documentary History. S. J. Clarke Publishing Co. 1931. p. 441.
  156. ↑ "Launch of the William A. Rogers". The Marine Review. July 13, 1905. p. 32.
  157. ↑ Index, Plate 2 (1896)
    Index, Plate 8 (1901)
    Index, Plate 8 (1906)
    Index, Plate 20 (1912)
  158. ↑ "Punxy Furnace Changes Ownership". The Iron Age. Vol. 89, no. 15. April 11, 1912. p. 941.
  159. ↑ "Four Iron Dealers United by Merger". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 76, no. 23. June 4, 1925. p. 1448.
  160. ↑ "Iron Distributors Merge". The New York Times. Vol. 74, no. 24598. May 30, 1925. p. 15.
  161. ↑ "Lavino Forms Subsidiary, Rogers Brown-Lavino Co". Steel. Vol. 89, no. 17. October 19, 1931. p. 20.
  162. ↑ "Construction News - Light, Heat and Power Plants". Engineering News. November 3, 1904. p. 213.
  163. ↑ "Construction News - Manufacturing Plants". Engineering News. November 3, 1904. p. 218.
  164. ↑ "Rectangular Coke Oven Plant". The Colliery Engineer. Vol. 34, no. 11. June 1914.
  165. ↑ "Sykesville, Pa. Explosion". Mines and Minerals. Vol. 32, no. 2. September 1911. p. 84.
  166. ↑ Plate 1 (1906)
    Plate 1 (1914)
  167. ↑ "Buffalo Coke Discrimination Case". The Iron Age. Vol. 95, no. 24. June 17, 1915. p. 1373.
  168. ↑ "The Buffalo & Susquehanna Iron Company". The Iron Age. Vol. 77, no. 5. February 1, 1906. p. 428.
  169. ↑ "Buffalo & Susquehanna Iron Co". The Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 74, no. 1925. May 17, 1902. p. 1040.
  170. 1 2 3 "Buffalo & Susquehanna Iron Co. - Official Statement to the New York Stock Exchange [for the Listing of 20-year 5% Bonds Dated January 2, 1906". The Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 84, no. 2216. December 14, 1907. p. 1524.
  171. ↑ "Around the Great Lakes". The Marine Review. April 20, 1905. p. 32.
  172. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co. - Organization". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 109, no. 2840. November 29, 1919. p. 212.
  173. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co. - New Company - Bonds Sold". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 90, no. 2323. January 1, 1910. p. 56.
  174. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co. - Merger Completed". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 90, no. 2340. April 30, 1910. p. 1176.
  175. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Company to Build Two Blast Furnaces". The Iron Age. Vol. 84, no. 27. December 30, 1909. p. 1938.
  176. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co.". Directory of the Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada. Vol. 18. 1916. p. 283.
  177. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co. - New President". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 116, no. 3015. April 7, 1923. p. 1541.
  178. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co. - [Income Statement 1915-1918]". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 108, no. 2808. April 19, 1919. p. 1615.
  179. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co - Report for FY Ended Dec 31, 1921". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 115, no. 2984. September 2, 1922. p. 1098.
  180. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co. - [Income Statement 1919-1922]". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 116, no. 3012. March 17, 1923. p. 1190.
  181. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co. - [Income Statement 1921-1924]". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 120, no. 3115. March 7, 1925. p. 1214.
  182. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co. [Income Statement 1923-1926]". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 124, no. 3230. May 21, 1927. p. 3082.
  183. ↑ "Susquehanna Ore Co". Moody's Manual of Investments - Industrial Securities. 1927. p. 567.
  184. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co. - General and Refunding Mortgage Bondholders Asked to Accept 40% for Their Holdings". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 125, no. 3241. August 6, 1927. p. 794.
  185. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Company". Moody's Manual of Investments - Industrial Securities. 1927. p. 2569.
  186. ↑ "Susquehanna Ore Co". Moody's Manual of Investments - Industrial Securities. 1930. p. 1520.
  187. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co. - Company in Serious Financial Trouble". The Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 121, no. 3148. October 24, 1925. p. 2051.
  188. ↑ Index, Plate 22 (1921)
  189. ↑ "Map Showing Properties of the Susquehanna & Buffalo Iron Company". Moody's Manual of Railroad and Corporation Securities. Vol. 6. 1905. p. 1624.
  190. ↑ "The Rogers Concrete Drop-Shaft, Iron River, Michigan". Mining and Scientific Press. Vol. 103, no. 24. December 9, 1911.
  191. ↑
    1911108,947
    1912149,619
    1913137,002
    1914114,848
    1915155,711
    1916100,640
    Total766,767
    Crowell & Murray (1917). "Menominee Range - Chicagon Mine". The Iron Ores of Lake Superior. Penton Press Co. p. 246.
  192. ↑ Plate 9 (1913)
    Plate 13 (1917)
  193. ↑ "Description of Mines in the Menominee Range - The Munro Iron Mining Co. - The Rogers Mine". Proceedings of the Lake Superior Mining Institute - 16. Annual Meeting Aug 1911. 1911.
  194. ↑ William A. Rogers was president of Munro Iron Mining (in 1920).
    YearTons
    1913316,019
    1914293,296
    1915323,464
    1916427,182
    1917426,819
    1918376,988
    Walter Harvey Weed (1920). "Michigan - Munro Iron Mining Co". The Mines Handbook. Vol. 14. p. 854.
  195. ↑ "Rogers-Brown Iron Co. Readjustment Completed". The Iron Age. Vol. 117, no. 2. January 14, 1926. p. 127.
  196. ↑ Index, Plate 745, 746 (1917)
    Index, Plate 1081 (1940)
  197. 1 2 "The Buffalo & Susquehanna Iron Company". The Iron Age. Vol. 72, no. 6. August 6, 1903. p. 1.
  198. ↑ "Course of Prices of Railroad and Miscellaneous Bonds for the Year 1922". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 116, no. 3002. January 6, 1923. p. 41.
  199. ↑ "Course of Prices of Railroad and Miscellaneous Bonds for the Year 1923". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 118, no. 3054. January 5, 1924. p. 47.
  200. ↑ "Course of Prices of Railroad and Miscellaneous Bonds for the Year 1924". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 120, no. 3107. January 10, 1925. p. 172.
  201. ↑ "Course of Prices of Railroad and Miscellaneous Bonds for the Year 1925". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 122, no. 3159. January 9, 1926. p. 167.
  202. ↑ "Course of Prices of Railroad and Miscellaneous Bonds for the Year 1926". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 124, no. 3211. January 8, 1927. p. 185.
  203. ↑ "Course of Prices of Railroad and Miscellaneous Bonds for the Year 1927". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 126, no. 3263. January 7, 1928. p. 51.
  204. ↑ Crowell & Murray, Inc. "Menominee Range - Hiawatha Mine". The Iron Ores of Lake Superior. Penton Press Co. p. 272.
  205. ↑ Crowell & Murray, Inc. "Menominee Range - Munro Mine". The Iron Ores of Lake Superior. Penton Press Co. p. 280.
  206. ↑ Crowell & Murray, Inc. "Menominee Range - Chicagon Mine". The Iron Ores of Lake Superior. Penton Press Co. p. 264.
  207. ↑ Crowell & Murray, Inc. "Menominee Range - Rogers Mine". The Iron Ores of Lake Superior. Penton Press Co. p. 285.
  208. ↑ Crowell & Murray, Inc. "Mesabi Range - Susquehanna Mine". The Iron Ores of Lake Superior. Penton Press Co. p. 211.
  209. ↑ "$4,000,000 Rogers-Brown Iron Company 20-year General and Refunding Mortgage 7% Gold Bonds". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 114, no. 2966. April 29, 1922. p. xxx.
  210. ↑ "To Explore for Iron". Coast Seamen's Journal. Vol. 19, no. 19. January 31, 1906. p. 8.
  211. ↑ "On the Old Ranges". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 39, no. 47. November 22, 1906. p. 12.
  212. ↑ "Iron and Steel Markets - Buffalo". The Iron Age. Vol. 108, no. 11. September 15, 1921. p. 700.
  213. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1904 (Report). 1905. p. 554.
  214. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1905 (Report). 1906. p. 587.
  215. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1906 (Report). 1907. p. 637.
  216. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1907 (Report). 1908. p. 519.
  217. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1908 (Report). 1909. p. 585.
  218. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1909 (Report). 1910. p. 464.
  219. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1910 (Report). 1911. p. 570.
  220. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1911 (Report). 1912. p. 455.
  221. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1912 (Report). 1913. p. 513.
  222. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1913 (Report). 1914. p. 500.
  223. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1914 (Report). 1915. p. 478.
  224. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1915 (Report). 1916. p. 468.
  225. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1916 (Report). 1917. p. 628.
  226. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1917 (Report). 1918. p. 626.
  227. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1918 (Report). 1919. p. 662.
  228. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1919 (Report). 1920. p. 106.
  229. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1920 (Report). 1921. p. 263.
  230. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1921 (Report). 1922. p. 99.
  231. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1922 (Report). 1923. p. 263.
  232. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1923 (Report). 1924. p. 104.
  233. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1924 (Report). 1925. p. 255.
  234. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1925 (Report). 1926. p. 517.
  235. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1926 (Report). 1927. p. 654.
  236. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1904 (Report). 1905. p. 177.
  237. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1905 (Report). 1906. p. 192.
  238. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1906 (Report). 1907. p. 251.
  239. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1907 (Report). 1908. p. 157.
  240. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1908 (Report). 1909. p. 247.
  241. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1909 (Report). 1910. p. 141.
  242. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1910 (Report). 1911. p. 225.
  243. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1911 (Report). 1912. p. 144.
  244. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1912 (Report). 1913. p. 216.
  245. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1913 (Report). 1914. p. 217.
  246. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1914 (Report). 1915. p. 209.
  247. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1915 (Report). 1916. p. 205.
  248. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1916 (Report). 1917. p. 263.
  249. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1917 (Report). 1918. p. 260.
  250. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1918 (Report). 1919. p. 271.
  251. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1919 (Report). 1920. p. 67.
  252. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1920 (Report). 1921. p. 215.
  253. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1921 (Report). 1922. p. 57.
  254. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1922 (Report). 1923. p. 211.
  255. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1923 (Report). 1924. p. 59.
  256. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1924 (Report). 1925. p. 219.
  257. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1925 (Report). 1926. p. 479.
  258. ↑ Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania - Part 2: Bituminous - 1926 (Report). 1927. p. 616.
  259. ↑ "Steamer Lost With Seventeen of Crew". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 46, no. 21. May 26, 1910. p. 1008.
  260. ↑ "Two Lake Launches". The Marine Review. May 25, 1905. p. 28.
  261. 1 2 3 4 "Activities in the Marine Field". The Marine Review. September 1922. p. 397.
  262. ↑ "(no title)". The Iron Age. Vol. 79, no. 5. January 31, 1907. p. 367. {{cite magazine}}: Cite uses generic title (help)
  263. ↑ "Change of Name of Certain Corporations". Annual Statistical Report of the Secretary of State [of Ohio], Year Ending Nov 15, 1911 (Report). 1912. p. 76.
  264. 1 2 "New Boat Building". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 48, no. 4. January 26, 1911. p. 214.
  265. ↑ "News of Lakes as Season Opens". The Marine Review. June 1917. p. 222.
  266. ↑ "Ship Wins Grain Damage Case". The Marine Review. June 1925. p. 216.
  267. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1903. p. 93.
  268. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1904. p. 79.
  269. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1906. p. 93.
  270. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1907. p. 82.
  271. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1908. p. 123.
  272. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1910. p. 90-91.
  273. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1912. p. 191-194.
  274. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1914. p. 526-528.
  275. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1916. p. 543-546.
  276. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1918. p. 558-563.
  277. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1920. p. 384-390.
  278. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1922. p. 363-368.
  279. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1924. p. 319-325.
  280. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1926. p. 111-115.
  281. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1928. p. 55-59.
  282. ↑ Mineral Resources of the United States 1930. p. 85-89.
  283. 1 2 3 "Items of General Interest". The Marine Review. September 1914. p. 359.
  284. 1 2 3 "Vessels Launched on the Great Lakes During 1906". The Marine Review. January 17, 1907. p. 28.
  285. ↑ "Launch of Steamer Abraham Stearn". The Marine Review. March 1, 1906. p. 35.
  286. ↑ "Launching of the Steamer J. Q. Riddle". The Marine Review. July 5, 1906. p. 27.
  287. ↑ "Ore Shipments". The Marine Review. December 20, 1906. p. 21.
  288. ↑ "Record Dispatch". The Marine Review. November 7, 1907. p. 55.
  289. ↑ "Launching of the Quincy A. Shaw". The Marine Review. June 1911. p. 227.
  290. ↑ "News of Busy Season on Great Lakes". The Marine Review. Vol. 47, no. 8. August 1917. p. 301.
  291. ↑ "Busy Fall Days on the Lakes". The Marine Review. Vol. 47, no. 10. October 1917. p. 380.
  292. ↑ "Activity Marks Fall Days on Lakes". The Marine Review. Vol. 47, no. 11. November 1917. p. 417.
  293. 1 2 "Michigan Steel Corp., Detroit, Mich. - Bonds Offered". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 127, no. 3305. October 27, 1928. p. 2380.
  294. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "A-8565 - Michigan Steel Corporation". Listing Statements of the New York Stock Exchange. Vol. 65. 1929.
  295. 1 2 "New Isue - $1,000,000 - Michigan Steel Corporation (advertisement)". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 130, no. 3386. May 17, 1930. p. XX.
  296. ↑ "Michigan Steel Co., Detroit. - Bonds Offered". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 116, no. 3021. May 19, 1923. p. 2265.
  297. ↑ Environmental Compliance Office Inc. (December 2018). "Identifying and Recruiting Partners for Great Lakes Legacy Act Project" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on February 6, 2025.
  298. ↑ "Erecting New Steel Plant". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 71, no. 24. December 14, 1922. p. 1605.
  299. ↑ "Michigan Steel Corp. - Debentures Offered". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 130, no. 3386. May 17, 1930. p. 3555.
  300. ↑ "Michigan Steel Corp. - To Redeem Debentures". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 133, no. 3458. October 3, 1931. p. 2276.
  301. ↑ "New Steel Mill to Serve Michigan's Industries". Michigan Manufacturer and Financial Record. Vol. 30, no. 23. December 2, 1922. p. 10.
  302. ↑ "Seek Wider Market". Michigan Manufacturer and Financial Record. Vol. 42, no. 4. July 28, 1928. p. 92.
  303. ↑ "Michigan Steel Corp. - Stock Offered". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 127, no. 3293. August 4, 1928. p. 694.
  304. ↑ "Changes in Listings During 1931". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 136, no. 3530. February 18, 1933. p. 1103.
  305. ↑ "Michigan Steel Corp. - Bonds Called - Listing". The Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 127, no. 3303. October 13, 1928. p. 2100.
  306. ↑ "Michigan Steel Corp. - Initial Dividend". The Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 127, no. 3304. October 20, 1928. p. 2242.
  307. ↑ "Michigan Steel Corp. - Listing". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 128, no. 3330. April 20, 1929. p. 2643.
  308. ↑ "Michigan Steel Corp. - Stock Off List". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 132, no. 3423. January 31, 1931. p. 865.
  309. ↑ "New York Curb Market". Bank and Quotation Record. Vol. 1, no. 8. October 5, 1928. p. 39.
  310. ↑ "New York Curb Market". Bank and Quotation Record. Vol. 1, no. 9. November 9, 1928. p. 39.
  311. ↑ "New York Curb Market". Bank and Quotation Record. Vol. 1, no. 10. December 8, 1928. p. 41.
  312. ↑ "New York Curb Market". Bank and Quotation Record. Vol. 2, no. 1. January 11, 1929. p. 39.
  313. ↑ "New York Curb Market". Bank and Quotation Record. Vol. 2, no. 2. February 8, 1929. p. 38.
  314. ↑ "New York Curb Market". Bank and Quotation Record. Vol. 2, no. 3. March 8, 1929. p. 38.
  315. ↑ "Course of Prices of Railroad and Miscellaneous Stocks for the Year 1929". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 130, no. 3367. January 4, 1930. p. 87.
  316. ↑ "Course of Prices of Railroad and Miscellaneous Stocks for the Year 1930". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 132, no. 3420. January 10, 1931. p. 255.
  317. ↑ "Course of Prices of Railroad and Miscellaneous Stocks for the Year 1931". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 134, no. 3472. January 9, 1932. p. 271.
  318. 1 2 "Great Lakes Steel Corp". Iron and Steel Engineer. Vol. 32, no. 4. April 1955. p. GL-2.
  319. ↑ "Great Lakes Pours Steel". Steel. Vol. 87, no. 9. August 28, 1930. p. 33.
  320. 1 2 "National Steel Corp. - Completes Expansion Program". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 133, no. 3450. August 8, 1931. p. 970.
  321. ↑ Poor's 1929 Cumulative Volume 4. 1929. p. 434.
  322. ↑ "Weirton (W.Va.) Steel Co. - Merger Terms". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 129, no. 3355. October 12, 1929. p. 2407.
  323. ↑ "Fifth Annual Financial Analysis of the Steel Industry". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 86, no. 17. April 24, 1930. p. 68.
  324. ↑ "National Steel Corp. - Completes Organization". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 130, no. 3369. January 18, 1930. p. 477.
  325. ↑ "National Steel Corp. - Listing of $6,062,500 10-Year 5% Sinking Fund Gold Debentures". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 132, no. 3426. February 21, 1931. p. 1435.
  326. 1 2 3 4 "National Steel Corp. - $40,000,000 Bond Issue Offered". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 132, no. 3433. April 11, 1931. p. 2784.
  327. ↑ "National Steel Corp. - Listing of Additional Capital Stock - Acquisition". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 132, no. 3422. January 24, 1931. p. 669.
  328. ↑ "National Steel Corp. - Annual Report". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 132, no. 3435. April 25, 1931. p. 3162.
  329. ↑ "Buffalo Union Furnace Co. - Acquired by Hanna Furnace Co". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 125, no. 3261. December 24, 1927. p. 3486.
  330. ↑ The Mines Handbook. Vol. 15. 1922. p. 835.
  331. ↑ The Mines Handbook. Vol. 15. 1922. p. 838.
  332. ↑ The Mines Handbook. Vol. 15. 1922. p. 875.
  333. ↑ "Munro Iron Mining Co., Iron River, Mich., has changed its name to Hanna Iron Ore Co". Iron Trade Review. Vol. 85, no. 9. August 29, 1929. p. 552.
  334. ↑ "New Steel Company to Sell Nitralloy and Rustless Steel". The Iron Age. Vol. 125, no. 7. February 13, 1930. p. 555.
  335. ↑ "National Steel Corp. - New Subsidiary Incorporated". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 130, no. 3389. June 7, 1930. p. 4065.
  336. ↑ "National Steel Corp. - $50,000,000 - Bonds Offered". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 140, no. 3649. June 1, 1935. p. 3725.
  337. 1 2 "National Steel Corp. - $65,000,000 Issues Quickly Sold". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 148, no. 3853. April 29, 1939. p. 2596.
  338. ↑ "National Steel Corp. - Changes in Collateral". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 134, no. 3502. August 6, 1932. p. 1000.
  339. ↑ "Companies Changing Par of Shares Without Changing the Number of Shares Listed". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 138, no. 3577. January 13, 1934. p. 219.
  340. ↑ "National Steel Corp. - Stock Split-Up Voted". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 171, no. 4895. April 3, 1950. p. 7.
  341. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 133, no. 3464. November 14, 1931. p. 3223.
  342. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 135, no. 3506. September 3, 1932. p. 1621.
  343. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 137, no. 3559. September 9, 1933. p. 1909.
  344. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 139, no. 3616. October 13, 1934. p. 2331.
  345. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 141, no. 3664. September 14, 1935. p. 1732.
  346. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 142, no. 3696. April 25, 1936. p. 2784.
  347. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 145, no. 3778. November 20, 1937. p. 3308.
  348. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 147, no. 3835. December 24, 1938. p. 3876.
  349. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 149, no. 3888. December 30, 1939. p. 4136.
  350. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 150, no. 3894. February 10, 1940. p. 958.
  351. ↑ "National Steel Corp. - Further reduction in Dividend Rate". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 135, no. 3508. September 17, 1932. p. 2004.
  352. ↑ "Dividends". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 135, no. 3522. December 24, 1932. p. 4347.
  353. ↑ "National Steel Corp. - Annual Report". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 142, no. 3691. March 21, 1936. p. 1995.
  354. ↑ "Dividends". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 144, no. 3744. March 27, 1937. p. 2074.
  355. ↑ "Dividends". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 144, no. 3756. June 19, 1937. p. 4122.
  356. ↑ "Dividends". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 145, no. 3770. September 25, 1937. p. 2021.
  357. ↑ "Dividends". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 145, no. 3782. December 18, 1937. p. 3921.
  358. ↑ "National Steel Corp. - To Pay 50-Cent Dividend". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 149, no. 3885. December 9, 1939. p. 3723.
  359. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 153, no. 3973. August 16, 1941. p. 952.
  360. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 156, no. 4113. October 5, 1942. p. 1211.
  361. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 158, no. 4233. November 29, 1943. p. 2167.
  362. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 160, no. 4303. July 31, 1944. p. 443.
  363. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 161, no. 4387. May 21, 1945. p. 2235.
  364. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 164, no. 4545. November 25, 1946. p. 2703.
  365. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 166, no. 2. July 7, 1947. p. 67.
  366. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 168, no. 20. September 6, 1948. p. 958.
  367. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 170, no. 4829. August 15, 1949. p. 608.
  368. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 171, no. 4879. February 6, 1950. p. 568.
  369. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 171, no. 4895. April 3, 1950. p. 16.
  370. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 174, no. 5069. December 3, 1951. p. 22.
  371. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 176, no. 5167. November 10, 1952. p. 18.
  372. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 178, no. 5249. August 24, 1953. p. 678.
  373. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 179, no. 5331. June 7, 1954. p. 20.
  374. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 182, no. 5457. August 22, 1955. p. 732.
  375. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 184, no. 5561. August 20, 1956. p. 740.
  376. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 186, no. 5655. July 15, 1957. p. 230.
  377. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 188, no. 5789. October 27, 1958. p. 18.
  378. ↑ "New York Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 190, no. 5865. July 20, 1959. p. 276.
  379. ↑ "New York Stock Exchange Stock Record". Commercial and Financial Chronicle. Vol. 192, no. 6015. December 26, 1960. p. 22.
  380. ↑ Vartan, Vartanig G. (March 7, 1979). "Savings-and-Loan Issues Highlight Stock Market". The New York Times. Retrieved December 5, 2020.
  381. ↑ "National Steel Reports Profit". The New York Times. April 6, 1987.
  382. ↑ "Weirton Steel Sale Is Backed". The New York Times. Associated Press. December 31, 1983.
  383. ↑ Hicks, Jonathan P. (April 26, 1990). "Japan's NKK Buys More of National Steel". The New York Times.
  384. ↑ "Interstate Thrift Unit Merger Backed". The New York Times. September 9, 1981. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
  385. ↑ "The government Tuesday took another savings and loan off..." UPI. September 15, 1981. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
  386. ↑ Hayes, Thomas C. (January 4, 1982). "First Nationwide: A New Era". The New York Times. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
  387. ↑ Furlong, Tom (July 30, 1985). "National Intergroup May Sell 1st Nationwide Stake". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
  388. ↑ Furlong, Tom (August 2, 1985). "Ford Motor to Acquire First Nationwide for $493 Million in Cash". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
  389. ↑ McKay, Jim (December 5, 1991). "Goodbye, Pittsburgh". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved October 24, 2017.
  390. ↑ "U.S. Steel Sues a Rival". The New York Times. June 4, 1994.
  391. ↑ "National Steel Settles USX Suit". The New York Times. Associated Press. November 10, 1995.
  392. ↑ "Demoted Chief Executive Resigns From National Steel". The New York Times. Bloomberg News. August 21, 1996.
  393. ↑ "Ex-steel executive ordered imprisoned in kickbacks, bribery case". The Dispatch-Argus. Moline. Associated Press. January 6, 2002.
  394. ↑ "Former National Steel exec to pay $3M to settle charge". American Metal Market. June 6, 2001.
  395. ↑ "National Steel Accepts Bid from U.S. Steel". The New York Times. Bloomberg News. April 18, 2003. Retrieved October 24, 2017.
  1. ↑
    • ownership of the blast furnace
    • The 803 acre Unity Coking Coal Tract in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania.
    • A 10-year contract to receive the output of the 700 coke ovens of the Uniontown Coke Works of the Oliver company
    • a 1⁄6 interest in iron ore produced from the Lake Superior mines of the Oliver Iron Mining Co.
    • National Steel assumed $250,000 5% bonds due Dec 1, 1912 of the Rosena Furnace Company.
    [3]
  2. ↑ Rough estimate of semifinished steel product capacity per day: tin plate bars, sheet bars, billets. Total: 5,400-5,800 tons per day (1,620,000 per year)[4]
  3. ↑ Crawford Iron & Steel was dissolved in March 1894.[7]
  4. ↑
  5. ↑
  6. ↑
  7. ↑
  8. ↑
  9. ↑
  10. 1 2 1899[24] 1900[25] 1901[26]
  11. ↑ face amount of new U.S. Steel preferred stock exchanged for each $100 face amount of common stock of the old company, in addition to the USS common stock received
  12. ↑ $280,000 redeemed as scheduled by 1917-07-01; the final $40,000 called 6 months before maturity on January 1, 1925[34]
  13. ↑ 42°17′15″N 83°06′20″W / 42.28741°N 83.10559°W [49] 1910 map[48] 1905 map[45]
  14. ↑ The 80tpd furnace was blown in on July 29, 1912.[75] Detailed description in: [76]
  15. ↑ Incorporated June 28, 1910, in New York with a capital of
    • $1,625,000 7% preferred (all issued)
    • $10,000,000 common ($8,375,000 issued, rest reserved for conversion of preferred)
    • $10,000,000 25-year 6% bonds ($6,500,000 issued July 1, 1910, £616,420 or $3m worth of those were listed on the London Stock Exchange)[79]
    Took over the Michigan company of the same name (headed by Joseph H. Berry of Berry Bros. varnish fame until his death on May 22, 1907[80] at age 68, only a few weeks after the formation of the Lake Superior Iron & Chemical Co of Michigan.[81]). The Michigan company owned:
    • 4 charcoal furnaces totaling 500tpd, with byproduct wood carbonizing plants
      • Ashland Iron & Steel Co
      • Newberry Iron Furnace Co
      • Manistique Iron Co
      • Elk Rapids Iron Co
    • 2 furnaces without own carbonizing plants
      • Boyne City Iron Company
      • Chocolay furnace near Marquette
    • iron mines
    • extensive timber lands[82]
    The capital consisted of $5,350,000 of common stock and $6,000,000 of bonds authorized, of which only $2,675,000 were ever issued and before April 1908 converted into $2,675,000 of 7% preferred stock.[83]
  16. ↑ Incorporated in Michigan on May 13, 1915, by members of the reorganization committee of the Lake Superior Iron & Chemical Co.,[o] which had been in receivership since October 30, 1913, and was foreclosed and auctioned off at Marquette ca. July 1, 1915. Frank W. Blair (Detroit), president of the Union Trust Company, former chairman of the board of Lake Superior Iron, and receiver of it, became chairman of the board and president of the new company. Issued 521,725 par $10 6% preferred and 283,935 shares par $10 common stock. Was listed on the Detroit Stock Exchange in April 1916. Also owned one furnace in Ashland, Wisconsin (46°34′53″N 90°54′14″W / 46.58135°N 90.90380°W[84]) and one iron mine in the Gogebic Range at Bessemer, Michigan (46°28′12″N 90°03′53″W / 46.47012°N 90.06474°W[85]).[86][87]
  17. ↑ Owned by Lloyd G. Reed of Erie,[97] probably son of Charles Manning Reed.
  18. ↑ Incorporated in Ohio on Jan 29, 1866.[103]
  19. ↑ incorporated in Ohio Nov 6, 1873.[105]
  20. ↑ Incorporated in Ohio on Aug 16, 1879.[109]
  21. ↑ organized by
    • Joshua W. Rhodes and L. W. Young (Pittsburgh) of J.W. Rhodes & Co
    • Edwin N. Ohl (New Castle) of Republic Iron & Steel
    • Robert W. Flenniken of the Pennsylvania Car Wheel Co
  22. ↑ Incorporated in Ohio on Mar 16, 1865.[121]
  23. ↑ According to [127] it was a 40-year lease since the beginning
  24. ↑ See Trumbull-Cliffs Furnace Company for an example
  25. ↑ The first blast furnace in the Niagara district was built in 1861 by this company. No. 2 was built in 1862 and No. 3 in 1865.[132] In 1874 the plant's 3 blast furnaces had a capacity for 100tpd of pig iron, the rolling mills made plates and structural shapes and employment was 1000-1200.[133]
  26. ↑ Incorporated ca. July 1892 to rebuild the plant of the former Union Iron Company,[y] which had been idle for 12 years. The new blast furnace by Riter-Conley was to be cutting-edge, turning out 250-300tpd.[134]
  27. ↑ Incorporated in New York State on Sep 14, 1899[135]
  28. ↑ Hanna bought $3,604,800 (90%) of the distressed bonds deposited prior to Oct 1, 1927 for 40 cents on the dollar, won the assets for $1,500,000 as the only bidder at the Sep 27, 1927 auction, yet offered to buy the rest of the bonds at the same 40% discount.[152] In other words, the company paid $1,600,000 for the bonds and paid $1,500,000 to itself.
  29. ↑ Rogers, Brown & Co was a leading pig iron sales and distribution company operating since the 1880s.[159] A merger became effective July 2, 1925 with Crocker Brothers and business was continued as Rogers, Brown & Crocker Brothers, Inc. The new firm included the business of Naylor & Co and Reed, Fears & Miller Inc which had been absorbed previously.[160] In 1931 Rogers Brown-Lavino Co. was founded.[161]
  30. ↑ Cascade Coal & Coke built a power plant[162] and 200 beehive ovens in 1904-05.[163]
  31. ↑ Sister companies Cascade Coal & Coke Co. and Sykesville Coal Co., jointly managed and mining from the same shaft, delivered all their coke to Rogers-Brown. Sykesville Coal built 200 beehive ovens in 1913.[164] Cascade Coal & Coke opened the mine in 1904 and had 200 beehive ovens (in 1911). In an explosion 21 died on July 15, 1911.[165]
  32. ↑ Reynoldsville coal district, which produced a quality of coal somewhat inferior to Connelsville.
    [167]
    2,900 acres of coal lands estimated to contain 20 million tons furnished the entire 300,000 tpa requirement of the plant in 1906. Will have 600 beehive ovens once current construction is finished.[168]
  33. 1 2 Rogers-Brown Iron Co. blew in a blast furnace on Sep 8, 1921, the first production of pig iron all year, after stockpiles had been sufficiently depleted.[212] (Recession of 1920–1921)
  34. ↑ Income statements:
  35. 1 2 Incorporated Dec 19, 1925 in Minnesota. The $1,000,000 of stock was owned by Republic Iron & Steel (50%), Inland Steel (25%) and M. A. Hanna & Co (25%).[183]
  36. ↑ The mining subsidiaries's stocks were pledged as collateral for the senior and the 1922 bonds[184] and consisted of 100% of the outstanding stock of:
    • Cascade Coal & Coke (incorporated Mar 31, 1904 in Pennsylvania): 3,000 shares par $100
    • Sykesville Coke Co (Aug 24, 1911 in Pennsylvania): 100 shares par $50
    • Munro Iron Mining Co (June 25, 1906 in Michigan): 4,000 shares par $25[185][151]
    Cascade and Munro were wholly owned since at least Dec 1907.[170]
  37. ↑ 47°26′49″N 92°55′43″W / 47.44692°N 92.92852°W[188][151]
    Ore could be loaded at Duluth or at Two Harbors.[189]
  38. ↑ Munro Iron Mining Company (wholly owned subsidiary[153])
    Rogers mine at 46°05′52″N 88°35′10″W / 46.09767°N 88.5861°W opened ca. 1911 (a 140ft deep 29ft diameter tubular concrete drop-shaft was sunk during Feb - July 1911[190]).
    Chicagon mine at 46°05′43″N 88°30′30″W / 46.09538°N 88.50822°W, first explored in 1881, began shipping in 1911 and produced:[191]
    [192] [193]
    Production (whole company)[194]
  39. ↑ 1903 map[197]
  40. ↑ 1922[198] 1923[199] 1924[200] 1925[201] 1926[202] 1927[203]
  41. ↑ 80 acres leased from the Beaver Iron Mining Co. for 20 years from Jan 1, 1903 with 10 cents per ton royalty and $10,000 annual minimum.[151]
  42. ↑ Buffalo & Susquehanne Iron obtained an option on the Hiawatha mine in the beginning of 1906 and exercised it at the end of 1906.[210][211] The company some time before Dec 1907 spent $400,000 from the proceeds of a $1,500,000 20-year 5% bond issue dated Jan 2, 1906 to acquire 160 acres of ore lands near Iron River through its wholly owned subsidiary Munro Iron Mining Co.[170] Adjoining to the land owned in fee were 40 acres leased for 30 years from Oct 17, 1906 with 28 cents per ton royalty and $9,000 annual minimum.[151]
  43. ↑ The mine was originally opened up by the Rogers-Brown Iron Co.[197] The land was leased for 50 years from Oct 1, 1902 with a royalty of 25 cents per ton and $25,000 annual minimum.[151]
  44. ↑ 160 acres leased for 30 years from July 1, 1909 with a royalty of 7% of highest Cleveland ore market price and $5,000 annual minimum.[151]
  45. ↑ The mine was covered by 3 leases:
    • Swanson lease: 80 acres for 30 years from May 29, 1908, later extended to 1968. Non-trivial royalty terms.
    • Paulson lease: 40 acres for 30 years from July 1, 1909 with 20 cents per ton royalty and annual minmum of $1,500
    • Schiebler lease: 40 acres for 30 years from Sep 4, 1909 with 25 cents per ton royalty and annual minimum of $4,000
    [151]
  46. ↑ 200 coke ovens owned by Sykesville Coal Co. and leased to Cascade Coal & Coke.[151]
  47. ↑ Identical to Ball Brothers and Philip Minch also launched at AmShip Lorain
  48. ↑ renamed Jan 6, 1911.[263][264]
  49. ↑ Panic of 1907
  50. ↑ Recession of 1920-1921
  51. ↑ Bounded by:
  52. ↑ 1928: 9[309] 10[310] 11[311] 12[312]
    1929 1[313] 2[314] 4+[315]
    1930[316]
    1931[317]
  53. ↑ cutting edge $3,500,000 Mesta 20,000 tons per month continuous bar mill.[145]
  54. ↑ All GLS shareholders received warrants to purchase 1⁄5 share for each share owned at $62.50 per share before December 31, 1929, and again before October 1, 1934. President George R. Fink received warrants for 20,000 shares at $50 before October 1, 1934, to honor his existing similar right to Great Lakes stock
  55. ↑
    1. $6,062,500 in 10-year 5% notes due January 1, 1941,[325] called for redemption May 11, 1931,[326] presumably refinanced with the Apr 1, 1931 bonds.
    2. $3,031,287 in cash
    3. 60,625 NSC shares, or at the discretion of Michigan Steel shareholders, $50 in cash per share instead.[327] Only 7.098 shares were eventually taken and the total cash paid was $5,707,650.[328]
  56. ↑ Owner of 2 blast furnaces in Detroit with a combined capacity of 350,000 tons per year
  57. ↑ The former Buffalo Union Furnace Co (acquired in 1927, albeit had formerly been operated as a leasehold for a few years.[329]), owner of 4 blast furnaces at Buffalo, New York with a combined 600,000 tons capacity and of 50% of the stock of the Donner Hanna Coke Co, owner of 986,000 tons per year by-product coke ovens in Buffalo
  58. ↑ Diorite, Michigan, the American mine on the Marquette range opened in 1880. 54% Fe hematite mined from a depth of 1,850ft.
    • 1916: 745,969 tons
    • 1917: 142,526
    • 1918: 120.756
    • 1919: 72,228[330]
  59. ↑ Northeast of Iron River, Michigan (46°06′50″N 88°36′58″W / 46.114°N 88.616°W, see Sheet 13 of the 1917 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map). The Bates mine on the Menominee range opened in 1910. 54-59% hematite was mined from a depth of 1,050ft.
    • 1918: 98,194 tons
    • 1919: 91,049[331]
  60. ↑ Worked the Ashland mine in Ironwood, Michigan (46°26′55″N 90°10′12″W / 46.4486°N 90.17°W; on Sheet 12 of the 1921 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map).[332]
  61. ↑ Formerly the Munro Iron Mining Co..[333]
  62. ↑ A holding company (incorporated December 1, 1928, in Delaware[140]). Acquired certain subsidiaries from the M. A. Hanna Co.
    • 100% American Boston Mining Co.[bf]
    • 100% Bates Iron Co.[bg]
    • 100% Hayes Mining Co. of Michigan[bh]
    • 100% Marting Ore Co.
    • 100% Hanna Iron Ore Co. (Michigan)[bi]
    • 100% Mead Iron Co.
    • 76.7% La Rue Mining Co.
    • 73.3% Waukenabo Co.
    • 67.3% Nokay Iron Co.
    • 66.7% Consumers Ore Co.
    • 66.7% Richmond Iron Co.
    • 63.3% Hanna Ore Mining Co.
    • 60% Virginia Ore Mining Co.
    • 50% Buffalo Iron Mining Co.
    • 50% Mahland Iron Co.
    • 50% Wakefield Iron Co.
    • 25% Susquehanna Ore Co.[ai]
    • 20% Canisteo-Cliffs Mining Co.
    • 12.5% Holman-Cliffs Mining Co.
    • 7% Mahoning Ore & Steel Co.
  63. ↑ Incorp. in Ohio in 1916, owned 7 ships:
    • Agassiz
    • E. N. Saunders Jr
    • J. J. Turner
    • E. A. Uhrig
    • Q. A. Shaw
    • W. A. Amberg
    • L. W. Hill[334]
  64. ↑ Incorporated in Indiana February 1930[326] with a capital of $100,000 and was projected to become a complete 1,000-acre blast furnace and steel plant on Lake Michigan representing an investment of $40 to $50 million.[335] Nothing ever came of it.
  65. ↑ On August 1, 1935, the $37 million of the bonds then outstanding (including $457,000 in the treasury) were called for redemption with the proceeds from a $50 million 30-year 4% bond issue dated June 1, 1935,[336] which in turn were called at 105% and interest and the $47 million then outstanding redeemed at a cost of $49,350,000 from the proceeds of a $50 million 26-year 3% bond issue dated April 1, 1939.[337]
  66. ↑ Stock price: 0[341] 1[342] 2[343] 3[344] 4[345] 5[346] 6[347] 7[348] 8[349] 9[350]
    Dividends:
  67. ↑ Share price: 0[359] 1[360] 2[361] 3[362] 4[363] 5[364] 6[365] 7[366] 8[367] 9[368]
  68. ↑ Share price: 0[369][370] 1[371] 2[372] 3[373] 4[374] 5[375] 6[376] 7[377] 8[378] 9[379]
  69. ↑ Before split: 88, after: 35+5⁄8
  70. ↑ Before split: 110+1⁄2, after: 53+1⁄4
Wikimedia Commons logo
Wikimedia Commons has media related to National Steel Corporation.
This page is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.