Mu'awiya ibn Hudayj

Mu'awiya ibn Hudayj
Governor of Ifriqiya
In office
c. 665–666
MonarchMu'awiya I
Succeeded byUqba ibn Nafi
Personal details
Diedc. 670
Egypt
Relations
ChildrenAbd al-Rahman ibn Mu'awiya ibn Hudayj
Parent
  • Hudayj ibn Jafna (father)
Military service
AllegianceRashidun Caliphate
Umayyad Caliphate
Years of service
636–661
RankSoldier (636–661)
General (661–665)

Abu Nu'aym[1] Mu'awiya ibn Hudayj[2] ibn Jafna ibn Qatira al-Sakuni[3] al-Tujibi[4] al-Kindi[5] Arabic: معاوية بن حديج بن جفنة بن قتيرة التجيبي, was a general of the Kinda tribe who served under the first Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I. Mu'awiya ibn Hudayj participated in the early Muslim conquests against the Byzantines in the Levant, Sicily and Ifriqiya, and also against the Sassanids at the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah.

Biography

He first participated in the Battle of the Yarmuk,[6] the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah,[7] and the Battle of Jalula.[8] According to Ibn al-Athir, Mu'awiya ibn Hudayj took part in the Arab conquest of Egypt under Amr ibn al-As, and in the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb under Abd Allah ibn Sa'd.[9] Ibn Hudayj continued to serve under Abd Allah ibn Sa'd during the siege of Dongola, the capital of the Nubian Kingdom of Makuria.[10][9] During this battle, Ibn Hudayj lost one of his eyes.[10]

He was an adherent of the third Rashidun caliph Uthman ibn Affan, and refused to recognize the accession of the fourth Rashidun caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib following Uthman's assassination in 656.[11] Consequently, he became the leader of the Uthmaniyya in Egypt, and led them in revolt[12] against the Alid governor Muhammad ibn Abi Hudhayfa until 657, when Ibn Abi Hudhayfa was captured and killed by the Umayyad governor of Syria, Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan.[11][13] As open war broke out between Ali and the Syria-based Umayyads under Mu'awiya, he opposed Ali's appointment of Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr as the new governor of Egypt. In mid-658, he participated in the Umayyad invasion of Egypt under Amr ibn al-As that defeated the Alid loyalists, with Ibn Hudayj personally capturing and executing Ibn Abi Bakr.[11][14]

In 664–665, he launched a raid on Sicily.[15] Ibn Hudayj was provided with two hundred ships for the invasion by Caliph Mu'awiya.[16] Ibn Hudayj had managed to seized massive spoils of war from this campaign, when he returned to Levant in 665 AD.[16] According to Al-Baladhuri, he was the first Muslim commander to invade Sicily.[17] After the first invasion, Ibn Hudayj continued to raid the island routinely.[17]

In 664–665, he also led 10,000 troops in the area of Sousse.[6] He garrisoned troops in Kairouan[18] and conducted operations against Hadrumetum in the Tacape region (Lesser Syrtis). He was made the governor of Cyrenaica in 669.[19]

Ibn Taghribirdi, Ibn al-Athir and al-Tabari all record a story that Ibn Hudayj blocked the appointment of Ibn Umm al-Hakam as governor of Egypt in 678, although he was long dead by that time.[3]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Also Abu 'Abd al-Rahman, cf. Pellat 1993.
  2. ↑ Ibn Khadīj, according to the Jamhara of Ibn al-Kalbī, cf. Pellat 1993.
  3. 1 2 Pellat 1993.
  4. ↑ Usd al-Ghabah 4 / 383
  5. ↑ Al-Bidāya wa-n-Nihāya/Part Seven/Then I entered the year thirty-eight
  6. 1 2 Muslim Expansion and Byzantine Collapse in North Africa By Walter E. Kaegi, Walter Emil Kaegi. Page 180.
  7. ↑ Ṭabarī, ., & Friedmann, Y. (1992). The battle of al-Qādisiyyah and the conquest of Syria and Palestine: A.D. 635–637/A.H. 14–15. Albany: State University of New York Press. Page 12.
  8. ↑ L' Afrique vandale et byzantine: Revue internationale d'histoire et d'archéologie (IVe - VIIIe s.). (2002). Turnhout: Brepols. Page 282
  9. 1 2 Muḥammad Lamīlam 1985, pp. 38–39
  10. 1 2 Akram 1977, p. 206
  11. 1 2 3 Bosworth, van Donzel & Pellat 1991, p. 740.
  12. ↑ Ṭabarī, A.-G. M. I.-G., & Yar-Shater, E. (1996). The first civil war. Albany, NY: State Univ. of New York Pr. Page 144
  13. ↑ Kennedy 1998, p. 68.
  14. ↑ Kennedy 1998, p. 69.
  15. ↑ A. I. Akram, The Muslim conquest of Egypt and North Africa. Ferozsons, 1977. Page 201
  16. 1 2 Ibn al-Dabbaj, al-Khayali & ibn Mahmud 2005, p. 73
  17. 1 2 al-Afani 2003, p. 423
  18. ↑ Abun-Nasr, J. M. (1987). A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Page 28
  19. ↑ A. I. Akram. The Muslim conquest of Egypt and North Africa. Ferozsons, 1977. Page 206

Bibliography

  • Akram, A. I. (1977). The Muslim Conquest of Egypt and North Africa. Ferozsons. ISBN 978-969-0-00224-2.
  • al-Afani, Sayid Hussain (2003). فرسان النهار من الصحابة الأخيار – ج 5 [Knights of the day of the companions good guys] (in Arabic). Riyadh: Dar al Majid Asiri. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
  • Ibn al-Dabbaj, Abu al-Qasim; al-Khayali, Abdul Majid; ibn Mahmud, Abdurrahman (2005). ‏معالم الإيمان في معرفة أهل القيروان / Volumes 1–2 [Signs of faith in the knowledge of the people of Kairouan] (Professor, Doctorate) (in Arabic). Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al Kotob al Ilmiyah. ISBN 9782745144850. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
  • Kennedy, Hugh (1998). "Egypt as a province in the Islamic caliphate, 641–868". In Petry, Carl F. (ed.). Cambridge History of Egypt, Volume One: Islamic Egypt, 640–1517. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 62–85. ISBN 0-521-47137-0.
  • Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E. & Pellat, Ch., eds. (1991). "Maslama b. Mukhallad". The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume VI: Mahk–Mid. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 740. ISBN 978-90-04-08112-3.
  • Muḥammad Lamīlam, ʻAbd al-ʻAzīz (1985). حسان ابن النعمان الغساني ودوره في فتح بلاد المغرب [Hassan Ibn al-Nu'man al-Ghassani and his role in the conquest of the Maghreb] (Ebook) (in Arabic). Retrieved 22 December 2021.
  • Pellat, Charles (1993). "Muʿāwiya b. Ḥudaydj". In Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. & Pellat, Ch. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume VII: Mif–Naz. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 269. ISBN 978-90-04-09419-2.
This page is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.