Islamic Coalition Party

Islamic Coalition Party
حزب مؤتلفه اسلامی
Secretary-GeneralMohammad-Ali Amani[1]
Spiritual leaderRuhollah Khomeini (deceased)[2]
Deputy Secretary-GeneralMohammad-Ali Amani
Head of Central CouncilMostafa Mir-Salim
Political deputyMohammad-Kazem Anbarlouei
FoundedApril 1963 (1963-04)[3]
LegalisedDecember 11, 1990 (1990-12-11)[4]
HeadquartersTehran, Iran
Newspaper
Guild wingUnion of Islamic Associations of Guilds and Bazaaris[5]
Ideology
Political positionRight-wing[19] to far-right[20]
ReligionShia Islam
National affiliation
Continental affiliationInternational Conference of Asian Political Parties (ICAPP)[22]
Electoral alliances
Colors  Islamic green
Parliament
3 / 290
Other website:
motalefeh.com

The Islamic Coalition Party[a] (ICP; Persian: حزب مؤتلفه اسلامی, romanized: ḥezb-e moʾtalefe-ye eslāmi) is a conservative political party in Iran.

The ICP is the pivotal organization within Front of Followers of the Line of the Imam and the Leader and is considered a lay ally of the influential Combatant Clergy Association.[23] Though still very active and influential, the organization experienced a gradual elimination from political power after rise of new conservative rivals in the 2000s[24][2] and some analysts dismiss it as something of a dinosaur heading for extinction.[25]

One of the oldest among the active parties in Iran, the coalition represents older generations of conservatives,[21] and its main base of support is among bazaari merchants and shopkeepers in Grand Bazaar of Tehran and other cities, petite bourgeoisie, and traditionalist clerics.[6][7][24] It is probably the only political organization in Iran which possesses an organic relation with such a social base.[2]

Morteza Motahhari, a member of the party who, unlike many of its other members, was an Islamic socialist, served as Chairman (Head) of the Council of the Islamic Revolution from 1978 to 1979.[26][18] Since 1979, ICP members have held high government offices[5] and are influential players in the economy of Iran, dominating Iran Chamber of Commerce Industries and Mines (ICCIM)[27][2] and having "a say in the appointment of the minister of commerce".[6] One recent example was Ali Larijani, who was regarded as the de facto head of state of Iran from late December 2025 until his assassination during the 2026 Iran war.[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] Unlike the mainstream line of the party, Larijani supported pragmatism[36][37] and was influenced by Deng's model of China.[38] However he was also critical of excessive state involvement in the economy.[39] The party has also interactions with Mostazafan Foundation, Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation and Mashhad-based Astan Quds Razavi.[27]

The ICP is affiliated with parochial schools for boys and girls.[21]

History

The ICP played a vital role in the success of the Iranian Revolution.[2] Following the revolution, it reduced its activities many members joined the Islamic Republic Party as leading members, resuming its activities after the latter's dissolution in 1987.[24][2] The party had some 90 parliamentary seats in 2006, according to Mohsen Sazegara.[40]

International affairs

The ICP has an office for its international affairs headed by Mehdi Soli,[41] succeeding Hamidreza Taraghi.[42] The party held a forum on unity of Islamic parties in 2015, participated by Hezbollah among others.[43] It sent congratulations to the 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam[44] and also maintains good relations with the Chinese Communist Party,[45] as well as the Workers' Party of Korea and government of North Korea.[46][47]

Leaders

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Named "Islamic Mourning Groups Coalition" (Persian: هیئت‌های مؤتلفه اسلامی, romanized: hayʾathâ-ye moʾtalefe-ye eslâmi) from 1963 to 1979 and "Islamic Coalition Society" (Persian: جمعیت مؤتلفه اسلامی, romanized: jamʿiyat-e moʾtalefe-ye eslâmi) from 1979 to 2004.[2]

References

  1. 1 2 "Islamic Coalition Party slams Saudi mass execution". Tehran Times. April 30, 2019.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Rahnema, Ali (February 20, 2013) [December 15, 2008]. "ii. Jamʿiyat-e Moʾtalefa and the Islamic Revolution". JAMʿIYAT-E MOʾTALEFA-YE ESLĀMI i. Hayʾathā-ye Moʾtalefa-ye Eslāmi 1963-79. Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 5. Vol. XIV. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 483–500. Archived from the original on November 17, 2019. Retrieved March 15, 2016.
  3. ↑ Moslem, Mehdi (2002). Factional Politics in Post-Khomeini Iran. Syracuse University Press. p. 54. ISBN 978-0815629788.
  4. ↑ "List of Legally Registered Parties in Iran". Khorasan Newspaper. July 30, 2000. p. 4. Archived from the original on September 12, 2004. Retrieved August 21, 2015.
  5. 1 2 3 Robin B. Wright, ed. (2010). The Iran Primer: Power, Politics, and U.S. Policy. US Institute of Peace Press. p. 110. ISBN 978-1601270849.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Bashiriyeh, Hossein (Spring–Summer 2001). "Civil Society and Democratisation during Khatami's First Term". Global Dialogue. 3 (2–3). Centre for World Dialogue: 19–26. ISSN 1986-2601. Archived from the original on May 7, 2016.
  7. 1 2 3 Buchta, Wilfried (2000). Who rules Iran?: the structure of power in the Islamic Republic. Washington DC: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, The Konrad Adenauer Stiftung. pp. 14–16. ISBN 0-944029-39-6.
  8. ↑ "Who is the mayor of Tehran?". BBC News.
  9. ↑ "Iran Data Portal" (PDF). Retrieved March 6, 2026.
  10. 1 2 "Background to political parties and associations in Iran". me-t.org. August 1, 2022.
  11. ↑ "آشفتگي در جمعيت موتلفه" [Confusion in the mixed population] (in Persian). Archived from the original on October 10, 2010.
  12. ↑ "بی‌اعتنايی بازاريان به تقاضای انجمن همسو با موتلفه برای تعطيلی بازار" [Marketers ignore demand from pro-Mutafeh association to close market] (in Persian). Archived from the original on October 10, 2010.
  13. ↑ "ميهن:بی‌اعتنايی بازاريان به تقاضای انجمن همسو با موتلفه". www.mihan.net.
  14. ↑ "BBC ‮فارسی‬ - ‮ايران‬ - ‮جمعیت هيئت‌های موتلفه‌ اسلامی‬". www.bbc.com.
  15. ↑ [5][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]
  16. ↑ Hadian, Nasser (January 11, 2016). "Part 2: Why Iran's Elections Matter" (Interview). The Iran Primer. Archived from the original on January 20, 2016. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
  17. ↑ "Morteza Motahhari". Archived from the original on July 9, 2017.
  18. 1 2 https://journal.ut.ac.ir/article_103308_b68b37f75c27f34576dfb43cc264c610.pdf
  19. ↑ The Echo of Iran: Issues 218-231. Tehran. 2008. p. 31. ... but of right-wing traditionalist factions, particularly Hezb-e Motalef-e Eslami (the Islamic Coalition Party), which have taken it upon themselves to hold the government of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad to account.
  20. ↑ Majid Mohammadi (December 8, 2020). Islamic Mayhem, Shi`i Style: How Does Khamenei Rule Iran?. Dan & Mo Publishers. p. 162. ... a member of the extreme right leaning 'Islamic Coalition Party' ...
  21. 1 2 3 Barry M. Rubin, ed. (2010). "From Opposition to Mainstream—Motalefeh-yi Islami". Guide to Islamist Movements. Vol. 2. M.E. Sharpe. pp. 254–256. ISBN 978-0765641380.
  22. ↑ "Iran attends 7th ICAPP meeting in Baku". Islamic Republic News Agency. November 24, 2012. Archived from the original on April 16, 2017. Retrieved April 4, 2017.
  23. ↑ Matsunaga, Yasuyuki (2008). "Political Parties". Iran Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Islamic Republic. Vol. 2. Greenwood Press. p. 392. ISBN 978-0313341632.
  24. 1 2 3 Khani, Mohammad Hassan (July 17, 2012). "Political Parties in the Islamic Republic of Iran". Iran Review. Archived from the original on April 29, 2019. Retrieved April 1, 2016.
  25. ↑ Jedinia, Mehdi (August 26, 2010). "Ahmadinejad Faces New Conservative Challenge: Relations with Motalefeh party strained by series of disputes". Institute for War & Peace Reporting. Archived from the original on June 11, 2017. Retrieved June 5, 2017.
  26. ↑ "Morteza Motahhari". tahoor.com. Archived from the original on July 9, 2017.
  27. 1 2 Adelkhah, Fariba (2015). The Thousand and One Borders of Iran: Travel and Identity. Iranian Studies. Vol. 27. Routledge. pp. 25, 165. ISBN 978-1317418979.
  28. ↑ "Who is Ali Larijani, the unofficial strongman in Iran?". Deutsche Welle. Archived from the original on March 3, 2026. Retrieved March 4, 2026.
  29. ↑ Geiger, Raphael (March 2, 2026). "Ali Laridschani: Er ist nun Irans inoffizieller Staatschef - und ein Pragmatiker". Süddeutsche.de.
  30. ↑ "Irans inoffizieller Staatschef: Dieser Mann soll den Fortbestand des Regimes sichern". Der Tagesspiegel.
  31. ↑ "Ali Larijani verantwortet die Massaker vom Januar – jetzt ist er Irans inoffizieller Staatschef". Tages-Anzeiger. March 2, 2026.
  32. ↑ Sadrzadeh, Ali (March 2, 2026). "Nach dem Tod von Chamenei: Wer in Iran jetzt am Drücker ist". die Tageszeitung. Archived from the original on March 2, 2026. Retrieved March 4, 2026.
  33. ↑ "Ali Larijani – Der starke Mann im Iran". DER STANDARD.
  34. ↑ Koelbl, Susanne (March 3, 2026). "(S+) Iran: Ali Larijani soll retten, was vom Regime in Teheran übrig ist". Der Spiegel. Archived from the original on March 3, 2026. Retrieved March 4, 2026.
  35. ↑ "Khamenei takes steps to ensure succession amid rising fears of US strikes, assassination - NYT". The Jerusalem Post. February 22, 2026.
  36. ↑ Mansour, Mohammad. "Who is Ali Larijani, the Iranian official promising a 'lesson' to the US?". Al Jazeera.
  37. ↑ "In Khamenei's absence, pragmatist Ali Larijani emerges as powerbroker in Iran". RNZ. March 2, 2026. Archived from the original on March 1, 2026. Retrieved March 4, 2026.
  38. ↑ "New York Times Confirms IranWire's Report on Larijani's Expanding Power and New Responsibilities". iranwire.com.
  39. ↑ "Iranian politicians, economists see US talks as key to economic rescue". iranintl.com. March 27, 2025.
  40. ↑ "Iran: Why Return To Revolutionary Values Is Temporary". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. February 17, 2006. Archived from the original on April 7, 2019. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  41. ↑ "South China Sea dispute should be solved through dialogues: Iranian party official". Xinhua News Agency. June 29, 2016. Archived from the original on June 30, 2016. Retrieved April 4, 2017.
  42. ↑ "Iran to host Islamic countries parties' summit". Mehr News Agency. November 8, 2015. Retrieved April 4, 2017 – via The Iran Project.
  43. ↑ "Muslims Have Faith in Ayatollah Khamenei's Leadership: Hezbollah Official". Tasnim News Agency. January 8, 2015. 612990. Archived from the original on April 16, 2017. Retrieved April 4, 2017.
  44. ↑ "Further congratulations sent to National Party Congress". Nhân Dân. February 14, 2017. Archived from the original on April 16, 2017. Retrieved April 4, 2017 – via Vietnam Breaking News.
  45. ↑ "Islamic Coalition Party promoting Iran ties with China". Tehran Times. February 24, 2017. Archived from the original on April 16, 2017. Retrieved April 4, 2017.
  46. ↑
  47. ↑ "70th Anniversary of WPK Founding to Be Celebrated in Iran". Korean Central News Agency. August 29, 2015. Archived from the original on November 24, 2019. Retrieved April 4, 2017 – via Korea News Service.
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