Mariska Aldrich

Mariska Aldrich
Mariska Aldrich, 1909
Born
Mariska Horvath

(1881-03-27)March 27, 1881
Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
DiedSeptember 28, 1965(1965-09-28) (aged 84)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Other namesMatilda Agan
Mathilde Agan
Mariska Agan
Mariska Aldrich-Davis
Mrs. Emmett Davis
Occupations
  • Actress
  • singer
Years active1900–1946
Spouse(s)
​
​
(m. 1901; div. 1915)​

William E. S. Davis
​
​
(m. 1917; div. 1926)​

Mariska Horvath, known by her married name Mariska Aldrich and prior to her marriage as Matilda Agan, Mathilde Agan or Mariska Agan, (March 27, 1881 – September 28, 1965) was an American singer, actress, and voice teacher. Born in Boston and raised in Brooklyn, Mariska studied singing in New York and London before appearing in her first operas in Europe in 1900 under conductor Auguste Vianesi. In 1901 she married former United States congressman J. Frank Aldrich, and later that same year made her debut at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden as the Witch in Humperdinck's Hansel and Gretel. She ceased performing to start a family, giving birth to two children early in her marriage to Aldrich. Their daughter, the stage and film actress Meeka Aldrich, was born in 1903. After this she studied singing at the Institute of Musical Art (now the Juilliard School) and privately with teachers in New York and Europe.

Aldrich resumed her career as a contralto with Oscar Hammerstein I's opera company in the 1908–1909 season. Standing six feet tall, her height was often remarked upon in reviews. She performed with the Metropolitan Opera in 1910-1911 during which time her repertoire expanded into mezzo-soprano and dramatic soprano repertoire. In 1912 she went to Europe where she performed both mezzo-soprano and dramatic soprano roles in opera houses in the years leading up to World War I. With the outbreak of the war she returned to the United States and mainly ceased performing in opera with one notable exception being the roles of Fricka and Brünnhilde in Wagner's Ring cycle at Carnegie Hall in 1924. She divorced her first husband in 1915. She continued to perform as a concert mezzo-soprano with orchestras, in recitals, on radio, and in vaudeville. After her second marriage to architect William Emmett Swindell Davis in 1917 she was known as Mariska Aldrich-Davis or Mrs. Emmett Davis. That marriage also ended in divorce in 1926 after which she was once again known as Mariska Aldrich.

In 1924 Aldrich had success as a dramatic actress on Broadway as the Abbess in Karl Vollmöller's play The Miracle, a show which she later toured in 1926-1927. She returned to Broadway in the plays The Cradle Song (1927) and Lysistrata (1930). In the early 1930s she was involved in hosting television programs on W2XCR in the infancy of that medium. In her later career she worked predominantly as a character actress in theatre and in film in California while concurrently teaching singing out of a private studio in Los Angeles until her death in 1965 at the age of 84. The School of Music at the University of Utah holds the Mariska Aldrich Archive (MAA) which contains a large collection of historical recordings, scores, photographs, and other materials that belonged to Aldrich or were collected by her daughter Meeka. The MAA is one of the largest sound libraries in the United States.[1]

Early life and education

Mariska Aldrich was born with the name Mariska Horvath in Boston, Massachusetts on March 27, 1881.[2] She was listed as adopted in the U.S., Selected States Dutch Reformed Church Membership Records, 1701-1995 in which her birth name is given as Mariska Horvath and her adopted name as Matilda Rosa Agan.[3] The adopted daughter of David Agan[3] and the biological daughter of Agan's wife[4] Jennie Agan (née Mehesy),[5] Matilda Agan[6][A] was the biological daughter of Victor Horvath[12] who was her mother Jennie's first husband.[13] Her mother married her stepfather in 1892 when she was a year old.[11]

It was widely reported in the press that she was the daughter of Hungarian immigrants to the United States;[14][15] however, her biological father was listed as Austrian in census records[12] and her stepfather was an American who was born in Troy, New York.[10] Her mother was from Hungary and was born in Budapest in 1861.[16] Her mother was referred to as Jennie[8] or Jane Agan in newspaper publications.[9] Her stepfather worked as a physician in New York City[17][4] and was a graduate of Bellevue Medical College. He died in 1912.[18]

Mariska grew up in Brooklyn,[19] and was educated at the Academy of Saint Joseph in Brentwood, New York where she later gave a concert in 1923.[20] She was known in newspaper publications as both Mathilde Agan[4] and Mariska Agan when she married former United States Congressman J. Frank Aldrich[17] on April 18, 1901.[21] The couple had not known each other long, having met at the ball celebrating the second inauguration of William McKinley[22] which was held at the Pension Building in Washington D.C. on March 4, 1901.[23] Early in her marriage she gave birth to two children, Meeka and Fred.[24] Meeka had a career as a stage and film actress.[25]

Prior to her marriage, Mariska studied singing in New York with Luisa Cappiani and in London with Alberto Randegger.[26] After her marriage she studied singing in both New York[27] and Paris, France with Alfred Giraudet[28] from 1906–1909.[2] She also studied in London with George Henschel.[28] She attended the Institute of Musical Art (now the Juilliard School)[29] where Giraudet was on the voice faculty.[30]

Opera career

Mariska Aldrich in 1910

At the time of her marriage in 1901 Aldrich was described in the American press as a talented amateur singer,[17] having performed in numerous charity concerts at the Waldorf-Astoria.[26] She had, however, already appeared in professional operas in Europe conducted by Auguste Vianesi in 1900.[26] In May 1901, a month after her marriage, she made her debut at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, as the Witch in Humperdinck's Hansel and Gretel with Frida Felser as Hansel.[31]

After spending time starting a family and continuing her studies, Aldrich made her American debut with Oscar Hammerstein I's opera company at the Manhattan Opera House (MOH) on November 20, 1908, as the page Urbano in Les Huguenots with Cleofonte Campanini conducting.[32] She was billed as a contralto at the time of her debut.[33] A tall woman standing at six feet,[34] her height was a point of discussion in reviews.[32] That same month she repeated this role with Hammerstein's company at the Philadelphia Opera House with Adelina Agostinelli as Valentine, Giovanni Zenatello as Raoul de Nangis, and Alice Zeppilli as Marguerite de Valois.[35]

Other roles Aldrich performed at both the MOH and POH in the 1908–1909 season soon followed including Lola in Mascagni's Cavalleria rusticana,[36] both the Voice of Antonia's mother[37] and Nicklausse in Offenbach's The Tales of Hoffmann,[38] and Ulrica in Verdi's Un ballo in maschera.[39] In March 1909 she toured with Hammerstein's company for performances at The Boston Theatre.[40]

Aldrich left Hammerstein's company after signing a contract with the Metropolitan Opera ("Met") in August 1909 .[41] The following November she was a soloist with the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra singing music by Jules Massenet, Johannes Brahms, and Claude Debussy.[42] The following month she sang a concert of music by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky with the Russian Symphony Orchestra under conductor Modest Altschuler at Carnegie Hall,[43] and gave a concert with the New York Mozart Society at the Hotel Astor.[44]

Aldrich made her debut at the Metropolitan Opera House (Met) on March 26, 1910, as Azucena in Verdi's Il trovatore with Rita Fornia as Leonora and Riccardo Martin as Manrico.[45] She was committed to the Met in 1910–1911 during which time her repertoire grew to include both mezzo-soprano and dramatic soprano roles.[28] Roles she sang at the Met included Fricka in Das Rheingold, Lola in Cavalleria Rusticana, Naoia in Frederick Converse's Iolan, Or, the Pipe of Desire, and Venus in Wagner's Tannhäuser.[2]

In May 1910 Aldrich was the contralto soloist in Handel's Judas Maccabaeus at the Cincinnati May Festival with conductor Frank Van der Stucken leading the musical forces. One of the performances was attended by American president William Howard Taft.[46] At the invitation of Felix Mottl, she made her concert debut in Munich in 1911.[47] After this she studied the dramatic soprano repertoire in Berlin with Emmy Raabe-Burg.[48] She sang the role of Amneris in Verdi's Aida at the Prague State Opera in 1913.[49] In 1914 she performed the roles of Fricka and Brünnhilde in Wagner's Ring cycle at the Theater des Westens in Berlin.[50][51] She was invited to repeat the role of Brünnhilde at the 1914 Bayreuth Festival but had to decline the offer due to a scheduling conflict.[28]

Aldrich's opera engagements were rare after 1914. In November 1924 she performed the roles of Fricka and Brünnhilde in an English language production of Ring Cycle given at Carnegie Hall by George Blumenthal's English Grand Opera Company under conductor Ignatz Waghalter.[52][53] In 1932 she performed the role of New Peace in the world premiere of Alberto Randegger's Via Pacis which was given in concert form at the The Town Hall with Beniamino Gigli as the Warrior, Pedro de Cordoba as the Seer, and Meeka Aldrich as The Seeker among other cast members.[54] In 1939 she performed as Czipra in a production of the The Gypsy Baron at Philharmonic Auditorium in Los Angeles[55] and the Curran Theatre in San Francisco with John Charles Thomas as Rudi.[56]

World War I and post-war concert career

Mariska Aldrich with her dog Fels von Gesundbrunnen, in c. 1918

With the outbreak of World War I, Aldrich left Europe and returned to the United States.[57] She brought home with her a German shepherd she had acquired in Germany named Fels von Gesundbrunnen. In 1919 Fels won a dog show sponsored by the German Shepherd Dog Club of America and became a world champion in "police dog" events involving tracking, scaling a 30-foot fence, and rescuing people from burning structures.[58]

By the Fall of 1914 Aldrich had returned to New York and was teaching at Elsa Gregori's Gregorian Conservatory of Music and Art on Madison Avenue where she performed in a faculty recital in October of that year.[59] In December 1914 she gave a concert of music by Paul Tietjens with the composer as her accompanist.[60] In 1915 she was a headliner in vaudeville at the Majestic Theatre in Chicago (with Eddie Foy),[61] the Majestic Theatre in Milwaukee,[62] the Columbia Theater in St. Louis,[63] the Orpheum Theatre in San Francisco,[64] the Orpheum Theatre in Los Angeles,[65] and the Orpheum Theatre in Memphis among other venues.[66] She obtained a divorce from her first husband on October 21, 1915.[19]

In March 1916 Aldrich gave a recital at the Princess Theatre in Manhattan in which she was billed as a mezzo-soprano.[67][68] In May 1916 she performed at a Bastille Day event held at the Shrine Auditorium and Expo Hall in Los Angeles.[69] Later that year she sang a concert of opera arias with the People's Philharmonic Orchestra led by Nikolai Sokoloff at the Cort Theatre in San Francisco.[70] In September 1916 she performed for Queen Liliʻuokalani in Hawaii in a concert which included a new song, "Kuu Pua I Paoakalani", composed for the monarch.[71]

In January 1917 Aldrich was a soloist in concerts with the Los Angeles Symphony led by Adolf Tandler.[72] In July 1917 Aldrich performed at the Chautauqua Festival in Los Angeles with Charles Wakefield Cadman as her accompanist.[73] In March 1917 she gave a recital at the Hotel Maryland in Pasadena.[74] She married Los Angeles businessman and architect William Emmett Swindell Davis in Oakland, California, on April 26, 1917.[75][76] This marriage also ended in divorce in 1926 after a suit was filed in 1925.[77][78]

On Easter Day 1918 Aldrich sang at a special service held at the cross located at the summit of Mount Rubidoux.[79] On Mother's Day 1918 she performed a concert with composer and pianist Carrie Jacobs-Bond for the soldiers stationed at Camp Kearny.[80] She was a soloist in a choral concert conducted by Arthur Farwell at the University of California, Los Angeles in August 1918.[81]

In June 1919 she gave a joint recital with the dancer Ted Shawn at the Columbia Theatre in San Francisco.[82] By 1920 she was operating a private voice studio in Los Angeles.[83] In February 1920 she performed in a vaudeville program with Will Rogers and Bebe Daniels at the Santa Fe Club in Los Angeles.[84] In February 1921 she sang at a concert in New York organized by Emma Cecilia Thursby.[85] In 1922 she was a soloist with the Los Angeles Philharmonic and conductor Alfred Hertz at the Hollywood Bowl singing a program of music by Richard Wagner and Ludwig van Beethoven, including the "Liebestod" from Tristan und Isolde.[86]

On August 21, 1923, Aldrich sang a concert of Hungarian songs on American radio.[87] She toured in vaudeville again in 1927,[88][89] sharing top billing with Renée Adorée and Eva Tanguay.[90] In 1928 she gave a recital at the Hotel Regis,[91] and performed solos on WNYC radio in a concert that was connected to supporting women's organizations in New York.[92] In 1931 she performed at the Radio World's Fair in New York which included a live television broadcast.[93]

Later career in theatre, television, and film

Mariska Aldrich cooking in 1935. She portrayed cooks in the films Love Begins at 20 and If You Could Only Cook.

In 1924 Aldrich portrayed the Abbess in the Broadway production of Karl Vollmöller's play The Miracle at the Century Theatre in which she achieved critical success.[94] She later toured in this show in 1926-1927.[95][96] In 1927 she was a replacement cast member as the mother superior in Eva Le Gallienne's staging of The Cradle Song at the Civic Repertory Theatre.[97] In November 1930 she replaced Hope Emerson as Lampito in the Broadway revival of Aristophanes's Lysistrata at the 44th Street Theatre.[98]

While working on the New York stage Aldrich was simultaneously employed as the manager of the women's department in the New York brokerage firm W. E. Hutton & Co. in the early 1930s.[99] By 1931 she was working as a television host in New York at WGBS's W2XCR under Dailey Paskman.[100][101] She also had her own radio program with WGBS.[102] In 1933 she was back in Los Angeles performing at society events.[103] She continued to perform periodically in regional theatre in California. In 1937 she portrayed Mrs. Blanche in Lloyd Chase's original musical Cocktail Bar at the Geary Theater in San Francisco.[104]

Aldrich sang for the 1933 animated short film Old King Cole which was part of Walt Disney's Silly Symphony series.[105] She appeared in many Hollywood films over the next thirteen years,[106] often in bit parts with in-jokes that featured her background as a well-known opera singer. One such instance was in the musical comedy film Bottoms Up (1934) in which she appeared as a fan-magazine writer who unsuccessfully sings at a Hollywood event.[107] In the musical Maytime she appears as a soloist in the mini-opera Czartiza which was created specifically for that film by composer Herbert Stothart.[108] George Cukor cast her as a memorable voice teacher in his classic film The Women (1939).[109]

Other films in which Aldrich was cast as an opera singer included Vagabond Lady (1935),[110] Fatal Lady (1936), and Two Sisters from Boston (1946).[106] Her height was also a factor in many of her small roles. She was cast as tall or large women in the films Under Your Spell (1936),[111] The Cherokee Strip (1937),[112] Madame Curie (1943),[113] and The Hidden Eye (1945).[114] In the 1941 murder mystery comedy Whistling in the Dark she portrayed the oversize grim housekeeper Hilda to whom Red Skelton (as Wally Benton) makes the crack "Aren't you wrestling somewhere tonight?"[115]

Occasionally Aldrich got to appear in larger character actress roles in films, including Lucretia in Lady by Choice (1934),[116] Mme. Ziffnidyiff in You're the One (1941),[117] and Mabu in Song of the Sarong (1945).[118] Her daughter Meeka was occasionally cast in roles alongside her mother.[119]

Later life and death

Aldrich continued to teach voice in Los Angeles in her later life. Some artists who studied with her included actress Ruth Gillette, tenor Richard Dennis, and baritone Robert Long.[120] She died in Los Angeles on September 28, 1965, at the age of 84.[121] She was cremated at Los Angeles County Crematory on October 6, 1965. Her ashes are interred at Forest Lawn in Hollywood Hills.[7]

Legacy

Mariska's daughter Meeka founded the Mariska Aldrich Foundation (MAF), a music library which used as its seed the many recordings, scores and other materials collected by her mother during her career. Meeka and her husband expanded the collection which was donated to the School of Music at the University of Utah after their deaths in 1998.[122] Containing one of the largest collections of historical recordings in the United States, the Utah Festival Opera (UFO) sued for possession of the archive in 2000 at which time the collection was valued at over three million dollars.[1] At the time the lawsuit was filed the UFO claimed that the archive had been promised to the UFO by the MAF's executive officers.[1] The archive remains at the University of Utah as of 2026.[122]

Mariska was the subject of a portrait titled Caprice, created by artist Henry Salem Hubbell in 1908.[123] This painting was in the collection of the National Arts Club in New York and was the most publicized submission to the 1908 Paris Salon. Caprice is currently in the permanent collection of the Mulvane Art Museum in Topeka, Kansas as part of the Endangered Art series.[124] Her portrait was also painted by Vera Stanley Alder.[125]

Filmography

Mariska Aldrich, 1935
Year Film Role Notes
1923 Souls for Sale Uncredited role [126]
1933 Old King Cole Singer [105]
1934 The Painted Veil German Teacher [106]
1934 Lady by Choice Lucretia [116]
1934 Bottoms Up Opera Singer [127]
1934 Evelyn Prentice Matron [106]
1935 Vagabond Lady Wagnerian vocalist [106][110]
1935 Bad Boy German Woman [106]
1935 If You Could Only Cook Swedish Cook [106]
1936 One Rainy Afternoon Uncredited role [106]
1936 Fatal Lady Member of Brazilian Opera Troupe [106]
1936 Love Begins at 20 Cook
1936 Camille Friend of Camille [128]
1936 Under Your Spell Tall Woman [111]
1937 That Man's Here Again Mrs. Sampson [106]
1937 Rhythm in the Clouds Madame Enitiba [106]
1937 Exclusive Policewoman [106]
1937 The Cherokee Strip Big Wife [112]
1937 Maytime Opera singer [129]
1937 I'll Take Romance Woman [130]
1937 Live, Love and Learn Dowagers [131]
1937 The Emperor's Candlesticks Ugly Woman [132]
1938 Paradise for Three Beauty Operator [106]
1938 Bluebeard's Eighth Wife Nurse [133]
1939 The Women Singing Teacher [109]
1939 Tell No Tales Reporter [106]
1939 Four Girls in White Crazy Woman [106]
1939 Stronger Than Desire Police Matron [106]
1940 Bar Buckaroos Woman [134]
1940 Boobs in the Woods Singing Customer
1941 Whistling in the Dark Hilda [135]
1941 You're the One Mme. Ziffnidyiff [117]
1942 Ship Ahoy Waldo's Mother [136]
1943 Madame Curie Tall Woman [113]
1945 The Hidden Eye Big Woman in Elevator [114]
1945 Song of the Sarong Mabu [118]
1946 Two Sisters from Boston Opera Singer [106]

References

Notes

  1. ↑ Some sources state she was born Mariska Horvath.[7] Her father's name was given as Dr. David N. Agan at the time of her marriage[4] and newspaper records refer to her mother as Jennie Agan[8] or Jane Agan.[9] Her adopted father was American and was born David Henry Agan in Troy, New York on June 7, 1848, and died in Manhattan on November 6, 1912.[10] Her mother was named as Jennie Howath on her marriage certificate to Dr. David Agan issued in Manhattan on June 29, 1892.[11] However, the Horvath spelling of her mother's name was used earlier in the 1880 census record in which she is listed the wife of Victor Horvath.[12] Her mother's name is given as Jennie Mehesy on a previous marriage certificate to Giza Horvath on May 29, 1880.[13] Her mother's entry in the California, U.S., Death Index, 1940-1997 gives her name as Jennie Mehesy Agan. Her mother died in Los Angeles on November 12, 1949.[5]

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 Stettler, Jeremiah (April 20, 2000). "Music artifacts hijacked?". The Herald Journal.
  2. 1 2 3 Baker & Remy 1919, p. 13.
  3. 1 2 Matilda Rosa Agan in U.S., Selected States Dutch Reformed Church Membership Records, 1701-1995
  4. 1 2 3 4 "It Was Love at First Sight: Miss Agan Will Become the Wife of Ex-Congressman Aldrich". Wilkes-Barre Times Leader. April 15, 1901. p. 1.
  5. 1 2 Jennie Mehesy Agan in the California, U.S., Death Index, 1940-1997
  6. ↑ Matilda Agan in the 1900 United States Federal Census, New York, New York, Manhattan, District 0786, p. 7
  7. 1 2 Wilson 2016, p. 13.
  8. 1 2 "Opera Singer Visits Hawaii and Will Give Concerts Here". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. August 21, 1916. p. 9.
  9. 1 2 Shaffer, George (August 24, 1936). "Hollywood in Review". The Times-Picayune. p. 14.
  10. 1 2 David H Agan in the New York, New York, U.S., Extracted Death Index, 1862-1948
  11. 1 2 Jennie Howath in the New York, New York, U.S., Extracted Marriage Index, 1866-1937, certificate number 7985
  12. 1 2 3 Jennie Horvath in the 1880 United States Federal Census, New York, New York, New York City, district 050
  13. 1 2 Giza Horvath in the New York, New York, U.S., Extracted Marriage Index, 1866-1937, certificate number 3992
  14. ↑ "The Newest Grand Opera Star is an American". The Buffalo Times. September 6, 1908. p. 34.
  15. ↑ "Many New American Singers to Be Heard". The New York Times. October 10, 1909. p. 53.
  16. ↑ Jane Agan in the U.S., Passport Applications, 1795-1925
  17. 1 2 3 "J. Frank Aldrich to Wed Miss Mariska Agan". Chicago Tribune. March 16, 1901. p. 5.
  18. ↑ "Dr. David Henry Agan". Brooklyn Eagle. November 7, 1912. p. 14.
  19. 1 2 "Mme. Mariska Aldrich is Granted Divorce". Musical America. October 30, 1915. p. 6.
  20. ↑ "Madame Mariska Aldrich Visits Her Alma Mater". The Brooklyn Citizen. July 1, 1923. p. 21.
  21. ↑ "J. Frank Aldrich Marries". The Inter Ocean. April 19, 1901. p. 7.
  22. ↑ "The World of Society". Washington Evening Star. April 19, 1901. p. 7.
  23. ↑ Preston 1983, p. 220.
  24. ↑ "Ex-Congressman Gives Tea For Divorced Wife". Mattoon Commercial-Star. December 29, 1915. p. 1.
  25. ↑ "Shattered Dreams Blamed For Death". The Miami Herald. May 1, 1928. p. 12.
  26. 1 2 3 "Washington Society Has Plenty to Talk About". The Philadelphia Times. April 21, 1901. p. 16.
  27. ↑ "Opera at the Manhattan". New York Herald. November 8, 1908. p. 21.
  28. 1 2 3 4 Kutsch & Riemens 2003, pp. 51–52.
  29. ↑ "Stars of Hammerstein's Grand Opera Company". The Boston Globe. March 14, 1909. p. 42.
  30. ↑ "Obituary Notes: Alfred Giraudet". The New York Times. October 20, 1911.
  31. ↑ Wearing 2013, p. 56.
  32. 1 2 Rawling, Sylvester (November 21, 1908). "Hammerstein's The Huegenots Launches Mariska-Aldrich". The Evening World. p. 4.
  33. ↑ "Musical Notes and Comments". New-York Tribune. November 15, 1908. p. 55.
  34. ↑ Forman-Brunell 2022, p. 145.
  35. ↑ "Saint-Saens and Meyerbeer Sung". The Philadelphia Inquirer. November 29, 1908. p. 5.
  36. ↑ "2 Operas at the Manhattan". The New York Times. December 5, 1908. p. 9.
  37. ↑ "Contes d'Hoffmann is Heard Again". The New York Times. December 17, 1908. p. 9.
  38. ↑ "Music". New-York Tribune. February 14, 1909. p. 7.
  39. ↑ "News of the Musical Season". The Philadelphia Inquirer. March 7, 1909. p. 7.
  40. ↑ "Mr. Hammerstein's Opera". Boston Evening Transcript. March 27, 1909. p. 34.
  41. ↑ "Musical Notes". New-York Tribune. August 21, 1909. p. 7.
  42. ↑ "Will Repeat Manfred". The Pittsburgh Post. November 20, 1909. p. 7.
  43. ↑ "A Tchaikovsky Concert". New York Herald. December 3, 1909. p. 10.
  44. ↑ "In the World of Society". The Brooklyn Daily Times. December 10, 1909. p. 21.
  45. ↑ "Doings at the Opera House. Mariska Aldrich Makes Her First Appearance of the Season". New York Herald. March 27, 1910. p. 9.
  46. ↑ "Music Rules Cincinnati". New-York Tribune. May 4, 1910. p. 7 – via loc.gov.
  47. ↑ "Mme. Aldrich Leaves". New York Herald. February 12, 1911. p. 9.
  48. ↑ "Mariska Aldrich as Dramatic Soprano". Musical America. Vol. 17, no. 21. March 29, 1913. p. 14.
  49. ↑ "Mariska Aldrich in Prague Aida". Musical America. Vol. 19, no. 2. November 15, 1913. p. 16.
  50. ↑ "Three Americans in Ring in Berlin". Musical America. Vol. 20, no. 9. July 4, 1914. p. 5.
  51. ↑ "Berlin Gets Warm and Society Flees". The New York Times. June 28, 1914. p. 2.
  52. ↑ "Music of the Day". Brooklyn Eagle. November 11, 1924. p. 6.
  53. ↑ "Casts for English Opera Selected". The Duluth News Tribune. September 28, 1924. p. 40.
  54. ↑ "Randegger's Via Pacis Presented". Musical America. Vol. 52, no. 10. May 25, 1932. p. 24.
  55. ↑ "Comedy Roles Stand Out in Gypsy Baron". Los Angeles Daily News. June 14, 1939. p. 28.
  56. ↑ "The Gypsy Baron at the Curan". San Francisco Chronicle. June 13, 1939. p. 6.
  57. ↑ "Says Belgians Used Red Cross to Slay Germans". The Jersey Journal. September 1, 1914. p. 1.
  58. ↑ "Star of Opera Owns Champ Police Dog". The San Francisco Call Bulletin. June 17, 1919. p. 11.
  59. ↑ "Gregorian Conservatory Concert". Musical Courier. Vol. 69, no. 17. October 28, 1914. p. 33.
  60. ↑ "Music News and Notes". The New York Times. December 12, 1927. p. 6.
  61. ↑ "Majestic". Chicago Tribune. January 23, 1915. p. 7.
  62. ↑ "Majestic". Milwaukee Daily News. February 6, 1915. p. 7.
  63. ↑ "The Red Hate". St. Louis Globe-Democrat. February 11, 1915. p. 9.
  64. ↑ "Orpheum". San Francisco News Letter. May 15, 1915. p. 10.
  65. ↑ "Orpheum". Los Angeles Times. June 6, 1915. p. 24.
  66. ↑ "The Commercial Appeal". March 1, 1915. p. 6.
  67. ↑ "Mariska Aldrich's Recital". Brooklyn Eagle. March 5, 1916. p. 34.
  68. ↑ "Mariska Aldrich Sings". New York Herald. March 6, 1916. p. 9.
  69. ↑ "Celebrate in L.A. Fall of Bastille". Los Angeles Evening Express. July 14, 1916. p. 1.
  70. ↑ "Philharmonic Concert Pleases Large Audience". The San Francisco Call Bulletin. August 7, 1916. p. 14.
  71. ↑ "New Song Given to Honolulu By Hawaii's Queen". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. September 14, 1916. p. 5.
  72. ↑ "Symphony Offers Unusually Fine Program". Morning Tribune. January 6, 1917. p. 13.
  73. ↑ "Los Angeles Chautauqua and Music Festival". Evening Vanguard. July 3, 1917. p. 3.
  74. ↑ "Soprano Thrills Audience at Maryland". Pasadena Star-News. March 6, 1917. p. 7.
  75. ↑ "Mariska Aldrich, Bride in Oakland". Oakland Enquirer. April 27, 1917. p. 11.
  76. ↑ "Mariska Aldrich Becomes Bride of Los Angeles Businessman". Musical America. Vol. 26, no. 2. May 12, 1917.
  77. ↑ "Diva Defendant in Divorce Action". San Francisco Chronicle. April 12, 1925. p. 51.
  78. ↑ "Star Quits Husband For $500 A Month". The Oakland Post Enquirer. November 19, 1926. p. 15.
  79. ↑ "On Mount Rubidoux". Los Angeles Times. March 24, 1918. p. 11.
  80. ↑ "Celebrate Mother's Day with Music at California Camps". Musical America. Vol. 28, no. 5. June 1, 1918. p. 9.
  81. ↑ "Farwll Leads "Sing"". Musical America. Vol. 28, no. 16. August 17, 1918. p. 30.
  82. ↑ "Mariska Aldrich and Ted Shawn". The San Francisco Examiner. June 15, 1919. p. 10S.
  83. ↑ "Program for Soldier Boys". The Los Angeles Times. September 19, 1920. p. 24.
  84. ↑ "Mors Stars of the Club Programme". Los Angeles Times. February 14, 1920. p. 19.
  85. ↑ "Gotham Gossip". The Musical Courier. February 24, 1921. p. 58.
  86. ↑ "Boost Bowl Concerts". Los Angeles Times. August 12, 1922. p. 29.
  87. ↑ "Radio Broadcast News". Coatesville Record. August 21, 1923. p. 5.
  88. ↑ "Blonde Singer Has Her Lines". The Spokesman-Review. July 12, 1927. p. 5.
  89. ↑ "Big Revue Will Head Vaudeville". San Francisco Bulletin. August 18, 1927. p. 7.
  90. ↑ "Vaudeville". Press-Telegram. September 17, 1927. p. 7.
  91. ↑ "Artist's Everywhere". Musical Courier. Vol. 96, no. 7. February 16, 1928.
  92. ↑ "1,000s at Federations's Tea". Brooklyn Eagle. October 5, 1928. p. 6.
  93. ↑ "Television". Radio Digest. October 1931. p. 16.
  94. ↑ "The Miracle Arrives". The Indianapolis Star. January 13, 1924. p. 66.
  95. ↑ "Original Cast to Tour". Springfield Evening Union. August 28, 1926. p. 4.
  96. ↑ "Role of Abbess". Los Angeles Times. January 14, 1927. p. 2.
  97. ↑ Merrick, Mollie (August 9, 1933). "Hollywood in Person". The Atlanta Constitution. p. 6.
  98. ↑ "The Stage". Chicago Tribune. November 27, 1930. p. 35.
  99. ↑ "The Fair Sex Takes Up Finance". Miami News-Record. February 21, 1930. p. 13.
  100. ↑ "Station Parade". Radio Digest. September 1931. p. 66.
  101. ↑ "She's Televised". The Washington Herald. August 11, 1931. p. 6.
  102. ↑ "The Radio Newscast". Star Weekly. August 29, 1931. p. 47.
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  105. 1 2 "Old King Cole - Full Cast & Crew". TV Guide. Retrieved April 21, 2026.
  106. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 American Film Institute. "Mariska Aldrich". AFI Catalogue. Retrieved April 20, 2026.
  107. ↑ Bradley 2016, p. 102.
  108. ↑ Wlaschin 2024, p. 89.
  109. 1 2 Michael & Parish 1969, p. 338.
  110. 1 2 "Vagabond Lady - Full Cast & Crew". TV Guide. Retrieved April 21, 2026.
  111. 1 2 Parish 1974, p. 571.
  112. 1 2 Lentz 1996, p. 1077.
  113. 1 2 Nash & Ross 1986, p. 1794.
  114. 1 2 American Film Institute 1999, p. 1035.
  115. ↑ McClelland 1978, p. 2011.
  116. 1 2 "Showmen's Reviews: Lady By Choice". Motion Picture Herald: 59. October 6, 1934.
  117. 1 2 Nash & Ross 1988, p. 3991.
  118. 1 2 "The New Films: Song of the Sarong". Lansing State Journal. July 19, 1945. p. 16.
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  120. ↑ "Mme Aldrich in New Studio". Los Angeles Evening Citizen News. April 20, 1940. p. 17.
  121. ↑ Doyle 1999, p. 7.
  122. 1 2 "Mariska Aldrich Archive". Retrieved April 21, 2026.
  123. ↑ Marconi Transatlantic Wireless Telegraph (March 15, 1908). "Americans To Make Paris Season Lively: An Unexpected Number Of Arrivals Now Filling Up the Hotels. Easter Tourists To Rome Many Plan Trips to the Eternal City -- Artist Hubbell Completes Notable Painting of Wife of J.F. Aldrich". The New York Times. ProQuest 96817341.
  124. ↑ "Endangered Art: Reclaiming a Mulvane Art Museum Legacy". Mulvane Art Museum. 2025. pp. 60–63.
  125. ↑ "Paints Noted Persons". The Psychic Observer. May 10, 1946. p. 4.
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  128. ↑ Michael & Parish 1969, p. 81.
  129. ↑ Michael & Parish 1969, pp. 214–215.
  130. ↑ Parish & Stanke 1975, p. 122.
  131. ↑ Parish & Stanke 1975, p. 351.
  132. ↑ Parish & Stanke 1975, p. 468.
  133. ↑ Carringer & Sabath 1978, p. 140.
  134. ↑ Webb 2020, p. 55.
  135. ↑ "Mystery Film Just the Dish For Hallowe'en". Calgary Herald. October 30, 1941. p. 8.
  136. ↑ Ringgold & McCarty 1971, pp. 28–29.

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