List of birds of Svalbard

This list of birds of Svalbard includes 243 species as of October 2025, of which at least three are introduced.[1]

Svalbard is an archipelago of islands in the North Sea. It currently is an unincorporated area of Norway. The largest island, Svalbard or Spitzbergen, is home to about 2,500 people. Other islands include Nordaustlandet, Bjørnøja and Edgeøya.

Breeding status

  • Abundant breeder (AB) – breeds annually, with >10,000 breeding pairs
  • Common breeder (CB) – breeds annually, with <10,000 breeding pairs
  • Irregular breeder (IB) – does not breed annually, and only a few pairs
  • Dispersed breeder (DB) – breeds annually, but dispersedly
  • Winter visitor (WV) – spends the winter months in Svalbard
  • Annual (A) – found in small numbers every year
  • Occasional (O) – rare, occasional visitor, not every year
  • Vagrant (V) – rare, less than 20 records
  • Rare vagrant (RV) – rare, less than 5 records
  • Introduced (I) – either introduced purposely or accidentally by humans, or a bird that came to Svalbard with the assistance of humans[2]

Ducks, geese, swans, and eiders

Order: Anseriformes   Family: Anatidae

English nameNorwegian nameScientific nameBreeding statusYearly abundance (if any)Photo
Brent gooseRinggåsBranta berniclaCBApril–September

Ringelgans (Branta bernicla) – Spiekeroog, Nationalpark Niedersächsisches Wattenmeer

Red-breasted gooseRødhalsgåsBranta ruficollisRV

Red-breasted Goose (10545127284)

Canada gooseKanadagåsBranta canadensisI V

Canada_Goose_(Branta_Canadensis)

Cackling goosePolargåsBranta huchinsiiV

Cackling_Goose_(Branta_hutchinsii)_(23942700903)

Barnacle gooseHvitkinngåsBranta leucopsisAB WV?May–October

Barnacle_goose_(Branta_leucopsis)

Bar-headed gooseStripegåsAnser indicusI V

Bar-headed_Goose_(Anser_indicus)_(51145852044)

Snow gooseSnøgås Anser caerulescensA

Anser_caerulescens_CT4

Greylag gooseGrågåsAnser anserA, possibly IBMay–August, seen year-round

Greylag Goose (Anser anser) - Bærum, Norway 2021-04-16

Taiga bean gooseTaigasædgåsAnser fabalisV

Taiga_bean_goose_(53347585277)

Pink-footed gooseKortnebbgåsAnser brachyrhynchusAB

2018-10-06_Anser_brachyrhynchus,_Killingworth_Lake,_Northumberland_1

Tundra bean gooseTundrasædgås Anser serrirostrisO

Tundra_Bean_Goose_(Anser_serrirostris),_Norwick_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5367435

Greater white-fronted gooseTundragås Anser albifronsA

Greater White-fronted Goose

Mute swanKnoppsvaneCygnus olorRV

RO_IF_Pantelimon_lake_mute_swan_head_in_wings

Tundra swanDvergsvaneCygnus columbianusV

Tundra_Swan_(Cygnus_columbianus)_(13016737873)

Whooper swanSangsvaneCygnus cygnusA, IB (Bjørnøya)June–July, seen year round

Cygnus_cygnus_Oulu_20240414_02

Common shelduckGravandTadorna tadornaV

Common_shelduck_(Tadorna_tadorna)_male_2

Ruddy shelduckRustandTadorna ferrugineaRV

Ruddy_Shelduck_Chandratal_Spiti_Himachal_Jun18_D72_7911

Mandarin duckMandarinand Aix galericulataI RV

Mandarin_duck_(Aix_galericulata)

Baikal tealGulkinnandSibirionetta formosaRV

Sibirionetta_formosa_01_(cropped)

GarganeyKnekkandSpatula querquedulaRVFemale_garganey_(Spatula_querquedula)_in_Algeria
Blue-winged tealBlåvingeandSpatula discorsRV

Spatula_discors_f_Humber_Bay_Park_E_Toronto

Northern shovelerSkjeandSpatula clypeataVYear round, usually May–August

Northern_shoveler_12

GadwallSnadderandMareca streperaV

Male_gadwall_in_Red_Hook_(61525)

Eurasian wigeonBrunnakkeMareca penelopeO, probably IBMay–August

Eurasian_wigeon_in_Sakai,_Osaka,_February_2016

MallardStokkandAnas platyrhynchosA, probably IB

Anas_platyrhynchos_(Male)_in_Locarno_-_Frontal_view

Northern pintailStjertandAnas acutaA IBMay-August

Northern_pintail_at_Taudaha_Kathmandu

Common tealKrikkandAnas creccaA IBMay-September

2015_Cyraneczka_zwyczajna_(samiec)

Green-winged tealAmerikakrikkandAnas carolinensisRV

Green-winged_Teal_(8028160855)

Common pochardTaffelandAythya ferinaRV

Common_Pochard_(Aythya_ferina)_(49049342462)

Ring-necked duckRingandAythya collarisRV

Ring-Necked_Duck_at_Byrd_Park

Tufted duckToppandAythya fuligulaAMay-September

Aythya_fuligula_Hires

Greater scaupBergandAythya marilaV

2017-03-24 Aythya marila, male, Killingworth Lake, Northumberland 07

Steller's eiderStellerandPolysticta stelleriOMay-July

Steller's_Eider_(Polysticta_stelleri)_(13667604773)

Spectacled eiderBrilleærfuglSomateria fischeriRV

Male spectacled eider feeding (51101430074)

King eiderPraktærfuglSomateria spectabilisCBApril-September

King_Eider_(Somateria_spectabilis)_(13667548395)

Common eiderÆrfuglSomateria mollissimaABMarch-September, seen year round

Somateria_mollissima_male.

HarlequinHarlekinandHistrionicus histrionicusV

Утка_каменушка_на_р._Карымчина

Velvet scoterSjøorre Melanitta fuscaV

Melanitta fusca 1

White-winged scoterAmerikasjøorreMelanitta deglandiRV

Melanitta_deglandi_male_by_Don_Faulkner

Common scoterSvartandMelanitta nigraA, probably CBMay-July

Sjöorre_-_Common_Scoter_3

Long-tailed duckHavelleClangula hyemalisCBApril-September, seen year round

Clangula_hyemalis

Common goldeneyeKvinandBucephala clangulaO

Common_Goldeneye_(Bucephala_clangula)-_female

Barrow's goldeneyeIslandsand Bucephala islandindicaRV

Bucephala_islandica-3

SmewLappfiskandMergellus albellusRV

Smew_(Mergellus_albellus)

GoosanderLaksandMergus merganserRV

Male Goosander 3 (4248116814)

Red-breasted merganserSilandMergus serratorO, probably DB

Mergus serratorRed-breastedMerganserMittelsäger 07

Pheasants, grouse, and partridges

Order: Galliformes   Family: Phasianidae

English nameNorwegian nameScientific nameBreeding statusYearly abundance (if any)Photo
Svalbard rock ptarmiganSvalbardrype Lagopus muta hyperboreusCB WVJanuary-December

Svalbard_rock_ptarmigan_svalbardrype_pho_w_5266

Swifts

Order: Apodiformes   Family: Apodidae

English nameNorwegian nameScientific nameBreeding statusYearly abundance (if any)Photo
Common swiftTårnseiler Apus apusV

Common_Swift_Apus_apus

Cuckoos

Order: Cuculiformes   Family: Cuculidae

English nameNorwegian nameScientific nameBreeding statusYearly abundance (if any)Photo
Common cuckooGjøk Cuculus canorusRV

Cuculus_canorus_vogelartinfo_chris_romeiks_CHR0431_(cropped)

Doves and pigeons

Order: Columbiformes   Family: Columbidae

English nameNorwegian nameScientific nameBreeding statusYearly abundance (if any)Photo
Feral pigeonBydue Columba livia (feral)RV

Street pigeon (back) Drammen

Common wood pigeonRingdueColumba palumbusV

Common Wood Pigeon - Columba palumbus

European turtle doveTurteldue Streptopelia turturRV

Tourterelle_des_bois_Sud_de_la_Tunisie

Eurasian collared doveTykerdue Streptopelia decaoctoRV

Streptopelia decaocto - Eurasian Collared Dove 05

Rails and crakes

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Rallidae

English nameNorwegian nameScientific nameBreeding statusYearly abundance (if any)Photo
Water railVannrikse Rallus aquaticusRV

Wasserralle_Bodensee

Corn crakeÅkerrikseCrex crexRV

Crex_crex,_Beachy_Head_4

Common moorhenSivhøne Gallinula chloropusRV

Common_moorhen_(Gallinula_chloropus)_France

Eurasian cootSothøne Fulica atraRV

Eurasian_coot_(Fulica_atra)_05

Cranes

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Gruidae

English nameNorwegian nameScientific nameBreeding statusYearly abundance (if any)Photo
Common craneTrane Grus grusV

Kraanvogel_-_common_crane_-_Grus_grus_2

Grebes

Order: Podicipediformes   Family: Podicipedidae

English nameNorwegian nameScientific nameBreeding statusYearly abundance (if any)Photo
Red-necked grebeGråstrupedykkerPodiceps grisegenaRV

Podiceps grisegena (32822613764)

Slavonian grebeHorndykkerPodiceps auritusRV

Podiceps_auritus_(13909575538)_(cropped)

Oystercatchers

Order: Charadriformes   Family: Haematopodidae

English nameNorwegian nameScientific nameBreeding statusYearly abundance (if any)Photo
Eurasian oystercatcherTjeldHaematopus ostralegusAMarch-August

Eurasian_Oystercatcher_(Haematopus_ostralegus)_-_Giske,_Norway_2022-07-02_(02)

Plovers and lapwings

Order: Charadriformes   Family: Charadriidae

English nameNorwegian nameScientific nameBreeding statusYearly abundance (if any)Photo
Northern lapwingVipeVanellus vanellusO

Vipe_fra_Lista

European golden ploverHeiloPluvialis apricariaDBLate April- September

Heilo_(Pluvialis_apricaria)

Pacific golden ploverSibirloPluvialis fulvaV IB

Pacific_Golden_Plover_(Pluvialis_fulva)_(53891992800)

American golden ploverKanadaloPluvialis dominicaRV

American_Golden_Plover_(7458261558)

Grey ploverTundraloPluvialis squatarolaV

Breeding_plumage_Black-bellied_plover_(Pluvialis_squatarola)_Great_Bay_Wildlife_Management_Area,_New_Jersey,_USA

Common ringed ploverSandloCharadrius hiaticulaDBMay- September

Common_ringed_plover_(Charadrius_hiaticula)_Oppdal

Eurasian dotterelBoltitCharadrius morinellusRV

Female_Dotterel_with_chick_-_only_4th_record_ever

Eurasian whimbrelSmåspoveNumenius phaeopusAMay- August

Whimbrel_Numenius_phaeopus

Eurasian curlewStorspoveNumenius arquataV

Numenius_arquata_amk

Bar-tailed godwitLappspoveLimosa lapponicaRV

Limosa_lapponica_ar

Icelandic black-tailed godwitSvarthalespoveLimosa limosa islandicaO VMay - June

Icelandic_black-tailed_godwit_(Limosa_limosa_islandica)

Ruddy turnstoneSteinvenderArenaria interpresDBMay- September

Arenaria_interpres_no

Red knotPolarsnipeCalidris canutusA DBMay- September

Calidris_canutus_no

RuffBrushaneCalidris pugnaxV

Brushane_Ruff_(20324184796)

Curlew sandpiperTundrasnipeCalidris ferrugineaV

Calidris_ferruginea,_winter_adult,_Pak_Thale

References

  1. ↑ "Bird Species in Svalbard". Birding Svalbard.
  2. ↑ "Exotic and Introduced Species in eBird". Help Center.