Kropatschek rifle

Kropatschek/Steyr-Kropatschek
Kropatschek 1886
TypeRifle
Place of originAustria-Hungary
Service history
In service1886–1961 (Portugal)
Used bySee Users
WarsWar of the Pacific[1]
French conquest of Tunisia[2]
Mandingo Wars
First Madagascar expedition[2]
Tonkin campaign[2]
Sino-French War[2]
31 January 1891 revolt[3]
Revolta da Armada
Federalist Revolution[4]
First Italo-Ethiopian War[5]
Portuguese conquest of the Gaza Empire[6]
War of Canudos[7]
Second Boer War
World War I
Spanish Civil War
World War II (Portuguese colonies)
1959 Viqueque rebellion[8]
Annexation of Goa
Portuguese Colonial War
Production history
DesignerAlfred von Kropatschek
Designed1886
Produced1886–circa 1898
VariantsLong rifle, short rifle
Specifications
Mass4.3 kg (9.5 lb)
Length1320 mm (4 ft)
Barrel length820 mm (32.3 in)
Cartridge11.15x58mmR
11×.15x36mmR
11×59mmR Gras
8×56mmR Kropatschek Corto[9]
8×60mmR Guedes[10]
8x50mmR Mannlicher
Caliber8mm (.329 in)
ActionBolt action
Muzzle velocity609 m/s (2,000 ft/s)
Effective firing range2406 yd (2,200 m)
Feed system8-round integral tubular magazine

A Kropatschek is any variant of a rifle designed by Alfred von Kropatschek. Kropatschek's rifles used a tubular magazine (constructed of nickel-plated steel) of his design, of the same type used in the Japanese Murata Type 22 and the German Mauser Gewehr 1871/84. While designed for black powder, the Kropatschek action proved to be strong enough to handle smokeless powder.

The French Lebel Model 1886 rifle was a modified Kropatschek, which was adopted by the French Navy in 1878.[11]

Variants

Austria-Hungary

  • Gendarmerie Repetier-Karabiner M1881: 11 mm Gendarmerie Carbine (also known as M1874/81);
  • Kropatschek Torpedo Boats Gewehr M1893: 8 mm Navy Rifle for Torpedo boat crews.

France

  • Fusil de Marine Mle 1878: 11 mm Navy Rifle, it was a modified Fusil Gras mle 1874 fitted with a 7-round tubular magazine and shortened 60 mm (2.4 in) to reduce weight.[12]
  • Fusil d'Infanterie Mle 1883: 11 mm Infantry Rifle.[13]
  • Fusil d'Infanterie Mle 1874/85: 11 mm Infantry Rifle—like the Navy M1878, it was a Gras M1874 rifle fitted with a Kropatschek magazine and a two-piece stock, and the gun overall length was shortened 60 mm (2.4 in).[12]

Portugal

  • Espingarda de Infantaria 8 mm m/1886: 8 mm Infantry Rifle;
  • Carabina de Caçadores 8 mm m/1886: 8 mm Light Infantry Carbine;
  • Carabina de Cavalaria 8 mm m/1886: 8 mm Cavalry Carbine;
  • Carabina da Guarda Fiscal 8 mm m/1886/88: 8 mm Treasury Guard Carbine;
  • Espingarda de Infantaria 8 mm m/1886/89: 8 mm Colonial Infantry Rifle;
  • Carabina de Artilharia 8 mm m/1886/91: 8 mm Artillery Carbine.

Users

See also

References

  1. ↑ Esposito, Gabriele, Armies of the War of the Pacific 1879-83: Osprey Publishing (2016)
  2. 1 2 3 4 McCollum, Ian (2019). Chassepot to Famas: French Military Rifles 1866-2016. Headstamp Publishing. ISBN 978-1733424608.
  3. ↑ de Abreu, Jorge, A Revolução Portugueza: O 31 de Janeiro (Porto 1891) (2009)
  4. ↑ "O EXÉRCITO REPUBLICANO" (PDF).
  5. ↑ McLachlan, Sean (20 Sep 2011). Armies of the Adowa Campaign 1896: The Italian Disaster in Ethiopia. Men-at-Arms 471. Osprey Publishing. pp. 35–36. ISBN 9781849084574.
  6. ↑ "History of WWI Primer 083: The Kropatschek Pt.2 Documentary". YouTube.
  7. ↑ VILLELA Jr, M E C. CANUDOS: memórias de um combatente. 2 ed. Rio de Janeiro: EdUERJ, 1997. p. 107.
  8. ↑ Gunter, Janet (2007). "'Communal Conflict in Viqueque and the 'Charged' History of '59'". The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology. 8: 27–41. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.562.4135. doi:10.1080/14442210601177977. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
  9. ↑ 8x56 R Kropatschek Short - MUNICION.org (spanish)
  10. ↑ 8x60 R Guedes - Kropatschek - MUNICION.org (spanish)
  11. ↑ Reade 1890, p. 742.
  12. 1 2 Hicks & Jandot 1938, pp. 11, 27.
  13. ↑ Hicks & Jandot 1938, p. 11.
  14. ↑ "ArmasBrasil - Carabina Kropatschek". Archived from the original on 15 April 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  15. ↑ "Armas de Fuego y Municiones". 24 March 2017. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 22 March 2025.
  16. 1 2 "M1878 French Naval Kropatschek (Fusil de Marine M1878)". MilitaryRifles.com. Retrieved 28 March 2025.
  17. ↑ Reade 1890, p. 740.
  18. ↑ Jowett 2016, p. 13.
  19. ↑ "Scraping the bottom of the barrel blackpowder rifles of the great war part 1".
  20. 1 2 3 "Foreign Rifles of the Spanish Republic, 1936-1939".
  21. ↑ Bocoum, Hamady (2001). "SAMORI' S SMITHIES: FROM CRAFT PRODUCTION TO ATTEMPTED MANUFACTURING, OR A DRAFT PLAN FOR TECHNOLOGICAL INDEPENDENCE". Mande Studies. 3: 55–63.

Bibliography

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