Function
This gene encodes a high-affinity dickkopf homolog 1 (DKK1) transmembrane receptor that functionally cooperates with DKK1 to block wingless (WNT)/beta-catenin signaling. The encoded protein is a component of a membrane complex that modulates canonical WNT signaling through lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6). It contains extracellular Kringle, WSC, and CUB domains. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed for this gene.[6]
Kremen1 also has a function in the induction of cell death by apoptosis.[8] This proapoptotic activity is conditional and depends on the absence of ligand Dickkopf1.[8] These observations led to the classification of this protein as a Dependence Receptor.
A mouse knock out of Kremen1 and its paralog Kremen2 is viable and fertile.[11]
References
- 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000183762 – Ensembl, May 2017
- 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020393 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Nakamura T, Aoki S, Kitajima K, Takahashi T, Matsumoto K, Nakamura T (March 2001). "Molecular cloning and characterization of Kremen, a novel kringle-containing transmembrane protein". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1518 (1–2): 63–72. doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(01)00168-3. PMID 11267660.
- 1 2 "Entrez Gene: KREMEN1 kringle containing transmembrane protein 1".
- ↑ Zhang Y, Mao B (September 2010). "Embryonic expression and evolutionary analysis of the amphioxus Dickkopf and Kremen family genes". Journal of Genetics and Genomics = Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 37 (9): 637–645. doi:10.1016/S1673-8527(09)60082-5. PMID 20933216.
- 1 2 3 Causeret F, Sumia I, Pierani A (February 2016). "Kremen1 and Dickkopf1 control cell survival in a Wnt-independent manner". Cell Death and Differentiation. 23 (2): 323–332. doi:10.1038/cdd.2015.100. PMC 4716294. PMID 26206087.
- ↑ Mao B, Wu W, Davidson G, Marhold J, Li M, Mechler BM, et al. (June 2002). "Kremen proteins are Dickkopf receptors that regulate Wnt/beta-catenin signalling". Nature. 417 (6889): 664–667. Bibcode:2002Natur.417..664M. doi:10.1038/nature756. PMID 12050670. S2CID 4418943.
- ↑ Lu H, Ma J, Yang Y, Shi W, Luo L (March 2013). "EpCAM is an endoderm-specific Wnt derepressor that licenses hepatic development". Developmental Cell. 24 (5): 543–553. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2013.01.021. PMID 23484855.
- ↑ Ellwanger K, Saito H, Clément-Lacroix P, Maltry N, Niedermeyer J, Lee WK, et al. (August 2008). "Targeted disruption of the Wnt regulator Kremen induces limb defects and high bone density". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 28 (15): 4875–4882. doi:10.1128/MCB.00222-08. PMC 2493355. PMID 18505822.
Further reading
- Brandenberger R, Wei H, Zhang S, Lei S, Murage J, Fisk GJ, et al. (June 2004). "Transcriptome characterization elucidates signaling networks that control human ES cell growth and differentiation". Nature Biotechnology. 22 (6): 707–716. doi:10.1038/nbt971. PMID 15146197. S2CID 27764390.
- Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S, Briones MR, Nagai MA, da Silva W, et al. (March 2000). "Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 97 (7): 3491–3496. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.3491D. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491. PMC 16267. PMID 10737800.
