Hiragana and katakana place names

There are a small number of municipalities in Japan whose names are written in hiragana or katakana, together known as kana, rather than kanji as is traditional for Japanese place names.[1] Many city names written in kana have kanji equivalents that are either phonetic manyōgana, or whose kanji are outside of the jōyō kanji. Others, such as Tsukuba in Ibaraki Prefecture, are taken from localities or landmarks whose names continue to be written in kanji. Another cause is the merger of multiple cities, one of which had the original kanji — in such cases, the hiragana place name is used to create a new identity for the merged city, distinct from the constituent city with the same kanji name.

List of fully hiragana cities and towns

Romaji
Hiragana
Kanji
Prefecture
Ama あま市 海部 Aichi
Awaraあわら市芦原Fukui
Ebinoえびの市蝦野Miyazaki
Erimoえりも町襟裳Hokkaidō
Hitachinakaひたちなか市常陸那珂Ibaraki
Inabeいなべ市員弁Mie
Inoいの町伊野Kōchi
Isumiいすみ市夷隅Chiba
Iwakiいわき市磐城Fukushima
Kahokuかほく市河北Ishikawa
Kasumigauraかすみがうら市霞ヶ浦Ibaraki
Katsuragiかつらぎ町葛城Wakayama
Mannōまんのう町満濃Kagawa
Midoriみどり市緑Gunma
Minabeみなべ町南部Wakayama
Minakamiみなかみ町水上Gunma
Miyamaみやま市三山Fukuoka
Miyoshi みよし市 三好 Aichi
Mukawaむかわ町鵡川Hokkaidō
Mutsuむつ市陸奥Aomori
Nikahoにかほ市仁賀保Akita
Oiraseおいらせ町奥入瀬Aomori
Ōiおおい町大飯Fukui
Saitamaさいたま市埼玉Saitama
Sakuraさくら市桜Tochigi
Sanukiさぬき市讃岐Kagawa
Setanaせたな町瀬棚Hokkaidō
Susamiすさみ町周参見Wakayama
Tatsunoたつの市龍野Hyōgo
Tokigawaときがわ町都幾川Saitama
Tsugaruつがる市津軽Aomori
Tsukubaつくば市筑波Ibaraki
Tsukubamiraiつくばみらい市筑波未来Ibaraki
Tsurugiつるぎ町剣Tokushima
Ukihaうきは市浮羽Fukuoka
Urumaうるま市宇流麻Okinawa

List of partially Hiragana cities

City / Town
Hiragana + Kanji
Full kanji
Prefecture
Akirunoあきる野市秋留野、阿伎留野Tokyo
Ichikikushikinoいちき串木野市市来串木野Kagoshima
Higashikagawa東かがわ市東香川Kagawa
Higashimiyoshi東みよし町東三好Tokushima
Kinokawa紀の川市紀之川Wakayama
Minamiawaji南あわじ市南淡路Hyōgo
Izunokuni伊豆の国市伊豆之国Shizuoka
Fujiminoふじみ野市富士見野Saitama

List of Katakana cities

Romanized

/in English

Katakana + Kanji
Prefecture
Remarks
Nisekoニセコ町Hokkaidōfrom Ainu
Minami-Alps南アルプス市Yamanashifrom the eponymous Akaishi Mountains (赤石山脈), also known as 南アルプス (Southern Alps) in Japanese
Yūkarigaokaユーカリが丘Chibafrom "eucalyptus hill", even though Australian eucalyptus trees do not occur in the area naturally.

References

  1. ↑ Hosokawa, Naoko (2020). "Katakana and Japanese National Identity. The Use of Katakana for Japanese Names and Expressions". Silva Iaponicarum: Problems and Perspectives for Japan in a Changing World. 56: 119–136. doi:10.12775/sijp.2020.56-59.7.