Hazara Expedition of 1891

Hazara Expedition of 1891
Date1 March 1891 – 29 May 1891
Location
Hazara (modern-day Pakistan)
Result British victory
Belligerents

British Empire

 Mujahidin
Swatis
Commanders and leaders
Emir Abdullah Azīmabādi
Casualties and losses
22 (Mujahidin)

The Second Hazara Expedition of 1891,[1] also known as Fourth Black Mountain Expedition, was a British military campaign conducted against the Swati and Yusufzai tribes of Kala Dhaka and the Battagram, then referred to as the Black Mountains of Hazara and adjacent northern tracts. These areas form part of the present day Hazara region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

Expedition

The expedition was undertaken following the failure of the tribal groups to comply with the agreements concluded after the First Hazara Expedition of 1888, prompting the British authorities to deploy a Hazara Field Force for a campaign lasting approximately two months in 1891.[2] General Roberts observed that

the Black Mountain tribes, [having been] quite unsubdued by the fruitless expedition of 1888, had given trouble almost immediately afterwards. [The second expedition] was completely successful in political results as in its military conduct. The columns were not withdrawn until the tribesmen had become convinced that they were powerless to sustain a hostile attitude towards us, and that it was in their interest, as it was our wish, that they should henceforth be on amicable terms with us.[3]

British and British Indian Army forces who took part in this expedition received the India General Service Medal with the clasp of Hazara 1891 (as had been done similarly in the 1888 expedition).[2] The Royal Welch Fusiliers were one of the British regiments that took part in the expedition.[4]

In the Fourth Black Mountain Expedition of 1891, Hindustani mujahideen once again attacked British at Ghazikot along with Jadoons, and suffered over 22 casualties. In the aftermath, Hasanzai and Akazai tribes signed agreement with British against mujahideen.[5]

Allan James Macnab was one of the soldiers who was awarded the clasp of Hazara for his role in the night attack on Ghazikot.[6]

References

  1. ↑ "Roll of Honour - Sussex - Eastbourne - Royal Sussex Regiment Memorial". www.roll-of-honour.com. Retrieved 24 May 2026.
  2. 1 2 Joslin, Litherland and Simpkin (1988). British Battles and Medals. London: Spink. p. 124.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)
  3. ↑ Roberts, Frederick Sleigh Roberts (1897). Forty-one years in India: From subaltern to commander-in-chief. p. 524.
  4. ↑ "The Royal Welch Fusiliers". www.nam.ac.uk. National Army Museum. Retrieved 24 May 2026.
  5. ↑ Ahmad, Ishtiaq (2024). "Hindūstānī Mujāhidīn and the British from the Annexation of Punjab to the Frontier Uprising of 1897". Islamic Studies. 63 (4): 507–528. ISSN 0578-8072.
  6. ↑ "Macnab, Allan James (1864 - 1947)". livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk. Plarr's Lives of the Fellows. Retrieved 24 May 2026.

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