Flags of the Indigenous nations of Canada

The following are flags used by Indigenous nations of Canada.

First Nations

Anishinaabe

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
1970s[1]–presentFlag of the AnishinaabekA black pictographic thunderbird on a white fieldNicholas R. Deleary[1]Copyrighted
2010–presentFlag of the Temagami First Nation of OjibweA blue and a brown block, with a symbol.unknownunknown

Atikamekw

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
Unknown–presentSimplified flag of the AtikamekwThree canoes, representing the Wemotaci, Manawan & Opitciwan, share a common direction. The red represents the blood they share. The green on the canoes represents the forests of their territory.[2]Jacques Newashish[2]unknown

Blackfoot

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
Unknown–presentFlag of the Blackfoot ConfederacyBlood Tribe Grandfather Aatso’towa (Andy Black Water).[3] The collaborative design of collective thought also included esteemed Blackfoot Grandparents and Knowledge Holders[4]
Unknown–presentFlag of Kainai Nation
Unknown–presentFlag of Piikani Nation
1990[5]–presentFlag of Siksika NationRed background. Siksika coat of arms in the centre, Union Jack in upper left.Mark Wolfleg Jr[5]

Cree

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
Unknown–presentFlag of Beaver Lake Cree Nation, Alberta
Unknown–presentFlag of Bigstone Cree Nation, Alberta
Unknown–presentFlag of Cree Nation of Wemindji, Quebec
Unknown–presentFlag of Cree Nation of Nemaska, Quebec
Unknown–presentFlag of the Driftpile First Nation, Alberta
Unknown–presentFlag of Enoch Cree Nation, Alberta
Unknown–presentFlag of Fisher River Cree Nation, Manitoba
Unknown–presentFlag of James Smith Cree Nation, Saskatchewan
Unknown–presentFlag of the Kapawe'no First Nation, Alberta
Unknown–presentFlag of Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug First Nation, Ontario
Unknown–presentFlag of Mikisew Cree First Nation, Northwest Territories
Unknown–presentFlag of Neskantaga First Nation, Ontario
Unknown–presentFlag of the Nishnawbe Aski Nation, Ontario
Unknown–presentFlag of Nisichawayasihk Cree Nation, Manitoba
Unknown–presentFlag of Oujé-Bougoumou Cree Nation, Quebec
1983[6]–presentFlag of Peguis First Nation, ManitobaThree horizontal stripes of yellow, green, and blue; representing the sun shining, grass growing, and water flowing.[6] There is a red circle in the middle, red representing the Peguis people and the circle for life.[6]Freda Bear[6]Public domain (under threshold of originality in Canada)
Unknown–presentFlag of the Peepeekisis Cree Nation, Saskatchewan
Unknown–presentFlag of Pimicikamak Cree Nation, Manitoba
Unknown–presentFlag of Piapot First Nation, SaskatchewanPublic domain (under threshold of originality in Canada)
Unknown–presentFlag of Red Earth First Nation, Saskatchewan
Unknown–presentFlag of Sapotaweyak Cree Nation, Manitoba

Dene

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
2005[7]–presentFlag of the Tłı̨chǫ GovernmentFlag representing the Tłı̨chǫ. It is a dark blue flag with a thin, horizontally-centered white wavy stripe that overlaps the bottom of a yellow sun disc. There is background-color fimbriation showing where these meet; four red teepees with white fimbriation and poles are set in a row on the bottom half, with a yellow upright five-pointed star on the upper fly of the flag.James Wah-Shee[7][8]Copyrighted (2017–)[7]
–presentFlag of the Gwichʼin
Unknown–presentFlag of the Tahltan NationFlag of Tahltan Kolīne representing the two clans: Crow (or Tseskʼiya) and Wolf (or Chʼioyone)
2012–presentFlag of Deisleen Ḵwáan, Lingít AaníHorizontally striped, red-white-red, 1–3–1, with five totems or emblems in the centre, from left to right: Kùkhhittàn (Raven Children), Ishklitàn (Frog), Yanyèdi (Wolf), Sèshitàn (Beaver), Dakhlʼawèdi (Eagle)

Haida

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
1981[9]–presentFlag of the Haida NationA red field with an eagle and raven headed bird, surrounded by a circlet, charged in the centreG̲uud San Glans[9]Presumably copyrighted

Haudenosaunee

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
1980s–presentFlag of the Haudenosaunee ConfederacyA mauve field party per fess by a band of white squares joined and a stylized white "Tree of Peace" charged in the centre; design is adapted from the Hiawatha wampum belt, each element represents an original nation in the confederacyRick Hill, Harold Johnson, and Tim Johnson[10]Public domain (is derivative of the Hiawatha wampum, which is public domain given its age)

Innu

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
Unknown–presentFlag of the Innu NationHorizontal bands of teal, white and light blue, within the blue sits a centre snowshoe flanked by reindeer skulls on both sides
Unknown–presentFlag of the Matimekush BandA vertical tricolour triband of chartreuse, white, green with the coat of arms of the Matimekush Lac John Band charged in the Canadian pale

Kutenai

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
2005–presentFlag of the Ktunaxa NationFlag features a golden feathered staff on a brown field

Mikmaq

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
October 4, 1900[11]-presentFlag of the Mi'kmaq Nation Grand CouncilA white field with a red Latin cross and a red star and moon in the left quadrants; white denotes purity of creation, the red cross represents mankind and infinity, the sun and moon the forces of day and night,[12] the flag is meant to be displayed hanging vertically as shown here[13]Rev. Father Pacifique Buisson[11]Public domain
Mid-1980s–presentFlag of the Natuaqanek BandA red field with yellow left and right borders, a quartered roundel charged in the centre[12]Philip Young?

Salish

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
Unknown–presentFlag of the Secwepemc NationFlag features 17 feathers representing the 17 bands in the Secwépemc Nation. The feathers are mostly black, with a white portion in the middle. The white portion signifies those communities which were wiped out by disease and other trauma following contact
2019–presentFlag of the Musqueam peopleA white Canadian pale on a teal field, with an arrowhead in the centre depicting a salmon leaping above a netSusan PointPresumed Copyrighted
1980–presentFlag of the Nlaka'pamux NationCircle wreath of Nlaka'pamux pictographs set on a grey field
Unknown–presentFlag of the Nuxalk Nation
2014–presentFlag of the ShíshálhA white background with a bird charged in the middle.
Unknown–presentFlag of the Stʼatʼimc

Siouxian

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
Unknown–presentFlag of Ĩyãħé Nakón Mąkóce (Stoney Nakoda)Stoney Nakoda flag

Tsimshian and Nass–Gitksan

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
Unknown–presentFlag of the Haisla people
2001–presentFlag of the Nisg̱aʼa NationA vertical tricolour triband of black, white, and sanguine with the badge of the Nisga'a Nation,[14] surrounded by black and sanguine ovals, charged in the Canadian pale[15]Lloyd McDames and Peter McKay?

Wyandot

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
Unknown–presentFlag of the Huron-Wendat NationGrand Chief Konrad Sioui[16]?

Inuit

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
2005–presentFlag of NunatsiavutA white field with a white, green, and blue inukshuk charged in the centre
2018–presentFlag of NunatuKavutThe flag features an ulu, a traditional Inuit knife used by women. Within the ulu image is a dog sled team, showing the importance of husky dogs, as well as a kudlik, a traditional seal oil lampBarry Pardy[17]Copyrighted
unofficialFlag of NunavikThomassie Mangiok[18]
Unknown–presentFlag of InuvialuitA gyrfalcon[19]Government of Canada (1984)[20]noncommercial use?[21]

Métis

Flag Date Use Description Designer Copyright status
Pre-1816–presentFlag of the Métis Nation of CanadaA blue field with a white symbol of infinity charged in the centreUnknownPublic domain (given year of creation)
Pre-1816–presentFlag of the Métis Nation (Red Variant)A red field with a white symbol of infinity charged in the centreUnknownPublic domain (given year of creation)


References

  1. 1 2 Graf, Colin (2021-04-19). "Artists in Deshkan Ziibiing showcase their talents in video series – Anishinabek News". Anishinabek News. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  2. 1 2 ICI.Radio-Canada.ca, Zone Politique- (28 April 2023). "Onze histoires de drapeaux autochtones". Radio-Canada (in Canadian French).
  3. ↑ "Siksikaitsitapi (Blackfoot Confederacy) landmark" (PDF). The City of Calgary. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
  4. ↑ Lethbridge, College. "coming together in a holistic way:LETHBRIDGE COLLEGE NIITSITAPI STRATEGY" (PDF). Lethbridge College. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
  5. 1 2 "Siksika Nation". The Governor General of Canada. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "About - Peguis First Nation". www.peguis.ca. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
  7. 1 2 3 "The Tłı̨chǫ Flag". www.tlicho.ca. Tłı̨chǫ Government. Retrieved 18 December 2025.
  8. ↑ "Tlicho Nation (Canada)". www.crwflags.com. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
  9. 1 2 San Glans, G̲uud (2021). "Xaadaa 'Laa Git'alang Isiss Children of the Good People: A History of the Haida Nation Logo" (PDF). Haida Lass. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
  10. ↑ Kirst, Sean (2016-09-23). "In Niagara-on-the-Lake, native flag born in Buffalo raised as sign of peace". The Buffalo News. Retrieved 2021-03-03.
  11. 1 2 Paul, Daniel N. "Mi'kmaq Nation Flags". www.danielnpaul.com. Archived from the original on March 24, 2004. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
  12. 1 2 "Canada > Index of Pages > First Nations > Mikmaq". Flags of the World. ISSN 1712-9842. Archived from the original on 4 July 2017. Retrieved 20 September 2010.
  13. ↑ "Flags of the World". Archived from the original on 2017-07-04. Retrieved 2010-09-20.
  14. ↑ Canadian Heraldic Authority. "The Public Register of Arms, Flags and Badges of Canada > Nisga'a Nation". Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved 20 September 2010.
  15. ↑ "Canada > Index of Pages > First Nations > Nisga'a Nation". Flags of the World. ISSN 1712-9842. Archived from the original on 6 October 2010. Retrieved 20 September 2010.
  16. ↑ "Huron-Wendat Nation". The Governor General of Canada.
  17. ↑ "Proposed NunatuKavut flag". PBS. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
  18. ↑ George, Jane. "A Nunavik flag could inspire the region: designer". Nunatsiaq News. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
  19. ↑ "Our Logo - The Gyrfalcon". Inuvialuit Regional Corporation.
  20. ↑ "Inuvialuit (Canada)". www.fotw.info. Retrieved 19 November 2024.
  21. ↑ "Terms of Use". Inuvialuit Regional Corporation. Retrieved 19 November 2024.
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