Evangelina Bottero
Evangelina Bottero | |
|---|---|
| Born | 29 May 1859 |
| Died | 13 November 1950 (aged 91) Rome, Italy |
| Alma mater | Scuola Normale Superiore Sapienza University of Rome (PhD) |
| Known for | Il telefono (1883) |
| Scientific career | |
| Workplaces | Female Institute of Higher Education |
Evangelina Bottero Pagano (29 May 1859 – 13 November 1950) was an Italian teacher and populariser of science. She was one of the first two women to achieve doctoral degrees in science in unified Italy.
Biography
Evangelina Bottero Pagano[1] was born in 1859 in Acqui Terme, Piedmont. Her parents were a lawyer and housewife.[2]
In 1875, Bottero enrolled at the Scuola Normale Superiore in Florence, where she met classmate Carolina Magistrelli [it].[3]
In 1877, Bottero and Magistrelli enrolled at the Sapienza University of Rome as “student auditors,” before being admitted to the second year of their course. They graduated in 1881, becoming first women to achieve doctoral degrees in science in unified Italy.[4][5] Between April 1880 and June 1881, Bottero also obtained three extraordinary specialization scholarships in chemistry and natural sciences from the Ministry of Education.[3]
In 1882, Bottero began teaching physics and chemistry at the Female Institute of Higher Education (ISFM, Italian: Istituto Superiore Femminile di Magistero) in Rome which had been founded in the same year by politician Guido Baccelli.[3][4] Her friend Magistrelli also taught at the institution, teaching the natural sciences.[6]
In 1883 Bottero and Magistrelli published Il telefono, a manual about the operation and science of the telephone (which had just arrived in Italy) for university students.[7] The book was prefaced by physicist Pietro Blaserna and was dedicated to Queen Margherita of Savoy.[2][3] Bottero continued publishing science textbooks[8] and in 1886 wrote a pamphlet about women's emancipation.[4]
In 1922, Giovanni Gentile of the fascist Mussolini government abolished the physics chair from the ISFM, ending Bottero's 40 year position.[3][4] Bottero died in 1950 in Rome, Italy.
References
- ↑ PICCOLA ENCICLOPEDIA POPOLARE DELLA VITA PRATICA (in Italian). 1903. p. 403.
- 1 2 "Donne del Monferrato: Evangelina Bottero". Gran Monferrato (in Italian). 17 April 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2026.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Patuelli, Francesca. "Bottero Pagano Evangelina". Scienza a due voci (in Italian). Retrieved 3 June 2026.
- 1 2 3 4 Govoni, Paola (2007). "Studiose e scrittrici di scienza tra l'età liberale e il fascismo. Il caso Bottero e Magistrelli". Viella Srl (in Italian). doi:10.1400/94394. Retrieved 3 June 2026.
- ↑ Focaccia, Miriam (1 October 2022). "Not Just Boys at Via Panisperna: Women at the Royal Physics Institute in Rome". Physics in Perspective. 24 (2): 154–177. doi:10.1007/s00016-022-00291-x. ISSN 1422-6960. Retrieved 3 June 2026.
- ↑ Simões, Ana; Diogo, Maria Paula; Gavroglu, Kostas (20 April 2015). Sciences in the Universities of Europe, Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: Academic Landscapes. Springer. p. 75. ISBN 978-94-017-9636-1.
- ↑ Govoni, Paola (2013). "The Power of Weak Competitors: Women Scholars, "Popular Science," and the Building of a Scientific Community in Italy, 1860s-1930s". Science in Context. 26 (3): 405–436. doi:10.1017/S0269889713000124. ISSN 0269-8897. Retrieved 3 June 2026.
- ↑ Govoni, Paola (2009). "The Historiography of Science Popularisation: Reflections Inspired by the Italian Case". In Papanelopoulou, Faidra; Nieto-Galan, Agustí; Perdiguero, Enrique (eds.). Popularizing Science and Technology in the European Periphery, 1800–2000 (PDF). Science, Technology, and Culture, 1700-1945. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7546-6269-3. Retrieved 3 June 2026.