Commission v Hungary (C-769/22)

Commission v Hungary
European Court of Justice
Decided 21 April 2026
Full case nameEuropean Commission v Hungary
CaseC-769/22
ECLIECLI:EU:C:2026:326
Case typeInfringement proceedings, Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (Article 258)
ChamberFull Court
Procedural historyInfringement proceeding by the European Commission against the Government of Hungary for the failure of Hungary to adhere to the founding values of the European Union
Court composition
President
Koen Lenaerts
Judge Rapporteur
María Lourdes Arastey Sahún
Advocate General
Tamara Ćapeta
Instruments cited
Treaty on European Union (Article 2); Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (Article 56); Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (Articles 1, 7, 11, 21); Directive 2000/31/EC (Articles 3 and 4); Directive 2006/123/EC (Article 16); Directive 2010/13/EU (Articles 6a and 9)
Legislation affecting
Treaty on European Union (Article 2); Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (Article 56); Directive 2000/31/EC; Directive 2006/123/EC; Directive 2010/13/EU; Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (Articles 1, 7, 11, 21)

Commission v Hungary (C-769/22) is a judgement of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) delivered in April 2026 concerning an anti-LGBTI law enacted by Hungary. The Court ruled that the law violates the founding values of the European Union as enshrined in Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU), as well as Article 1 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (CFR), regarding the inviolability of human dignity. It is the first time that either article has been applied in a ruling by the Court of Justice of the European Union. It pitted the European Commission, the European Parliament, and a majority of the member states of the European Union against Hungary.

In June 2021, the National Assembly of Hungary enacted the anti-LGBTI law which prohibited minors from accessing any content pertaining to LGBTI people and LGBTI rights. In July 2021, the European Commission gave formal notice to the Government of Hungary of its intent to launch infringement proceedings against Hungary for the failure to adhere to core EU values. In July 2022, the case was taken to court. By April 2023, the majority of the member states of the European Union and the European Parliament joined the European Commission as applicants. In November 2024, the case was heard before the Full Court of the ECJ, consisting of all 27 judges. In June 2025, an Advocate General Tamara Ćapeta issued a preliminary opinion in support of the applicants and against the defendant on all counts. In April 2026, the President of the Court, Koen Lenaerts, delivered the judgement.

The Full Court found that Hungary had systematically and seriously violated the fundamental rights of LGBTI people by seeking to exclude and isolate them from society. The Court ruled that the law violates "the very identity of the Union" as set forth in Article 2 TEU, and constitutes a violation of Article 1 CFR. The court further found that Hungary had discriminated against LGBTI people on the basis of both sex and sexual orientation, thereby violating fundamental freedoms. The judgment noted that the law was an attempt to portray LGBTI people as a threat to society, and in doing so Hungary had violated the core values that constitute the European Union's identity.

Background

Law

The law was enacted by the Christian nationalist government of Viktor Orbán.

In June 2021, the National Assembly of Hungary enacted the anti-LGBTI law in Hungary, which prohibits the broadcast, display, distribution, presentation, publication, and transaction of any and all content that chronicles LGBTI history, covers LGBTI literature, depicts LGBTI characters, presents LGBTI media, portrays LGBTI people, or mentions LGBTI rights to minors in commerce, communication, education, information, literature, and media.[1][2][3][4][5]

The original text of the law as first introduced in the National Assembly concerned only an increase in penalties against pedophiles who create, distribute, or possess child pornography, or commit child sexual abuse.[6] The original law enjoyed broad support across the political spectrum in Hungary.[5] However, a government politician filed a last minute amendment that targeted the Hungarian LGBTI community.[7] Opposition politicians boycotted the final vote in protest of the surprise amendment.[4] Government politicians from Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Alliance (Fidesz), a Christian nationalist[8] and far-right[9] party, and the Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP), a Christian[8] and far-right[9] party, as well as Jobbik – Movement for a Better Hungary (Jobbik), a formerly neo-Nazi[10] and far-right[10] party, passed the amended law over the opposition boycott.[4]

International observers and domestic critics characterized the law as a political maneuver by the Christian nationalist government of Viktor Orbán, which presents itself as an adherent of "traditional Christian values",[6][11] in response to multiple scandals concerning child pornography and child sexual abuse by pedophiles who are diplomats and politicians from the Fidesz–KDNP Party Alliance (Fidesz–KDNP), a Christian nationalist[8] and far-right[9] electoral alliance,[6][12] as well as Catholic Church sexual abuse cases committed by pedophile priests in the Catholic Church in Hungary,[5][12] which is strongly supported by the Christian nationalist government,[5][12] which adheres to the beliefs and doctrines of the Catholic Church,[13] as a means to falsely conflate pedophiles with LGBTI people, whom the Christian nationalist government portrays as a threat to Christianity in Hungary.[14][12][5][13]

Reactions

The law was condemned by Antonio Guterres (left) and Ursula von der Leyen (right), the leaders of the United Nations and the European Union, respectively, as discrimination against LGBTI people.

The law was condemned by the European Commission and the European Parliament as an attack on freedom, democracy, equality before the law, fundamental rights, and the rule of law, as well as a violation of the laws of the European Union.[15][16] The Council of Europe and the European Commission for Democracy through Law further identified the law as a violation of the European Convention on Human Rights and international human rights law.[17][18] Additionally, the United Nations and the United Nations Independent Expert on sexual orientation and gender identity labeled the measure as discriminatory and a breach of international human rights standards.[19][20]

A majority of liberal democracies — including Argentina, Australia, Canada, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Uruguay — likewise condemned the law as discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity. This position was supported by a total of 30 nations, as well as numerous cultural institutions.[21] Furthermore, human rights organisations such as All Out,[22] Amnesty International,[23] Article 19,[24] Civicus,[25] Háttér Society,[26] Human Rights Watch,[27] ILGA-Europe,[28] and Transgender Europe,[29] denounced the law as attack on human dignity and the freedomes of assembly, expression, information, and speech.[30]

Case

Notice

In July 2021, the European Commission gave formal notice to the Government of Hungary regarding its intent to launch infringement proceedings against Hungary over its anti-LGBTQ law. The Commission alleged a failure to adhere to the European Union's founding values, including freedom, human dignity, minority rights, and equality before the law, as well as specific violations of Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union (Article 2 TEU), Article 56 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and Articles 1, 7, 11, and 21 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights (CFR).[31]

It is the largest human rights case in the history of the European Union.[32][33] It also marks the first time the European Commission has launched an infringement proceeding against a member state on the basis of Article 2 TEU[34][35] and Article 1 of the CFR as freestanding legal provisions.[14][36]

After the Hungarian government failed to provide a satisfactory response, the Commission formally referred the matter to the European Court of Justice in July 2022. By April 2023, the European Parliament and a majority of the member states — Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Germany, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, and Sweden — had joined the case in support of the Commission. No member state sided with Hungary.[37]

Hearing

The Palais de la Cour de Justice, where the case was heard.

On 19 November 2024, the case was heard before the Full Court of the European Court of Justice at the Palais de la Cour de Justice in Luxembourg. All 27 judges convened for the hearing,[38] a rare occurrence which indicates that the Court considers the case to be of "exceptional importance".[34]

The European Commission stated that, contrary to the position of the Hungarian government, the law itself harms minors, specifically LGBTI youth, by further marginalizing them within society. The Commission argued that the legislation undermines social cohesion by systematically targeting a minority and portraying them as a threat. It further noted that the law represents a sufficiently serious violation of minority rights to breach both Article 2 TEU and Article 1 CFR as freestanding provisions.[3][14] In its defense, Hungary maintained that the dispute arose from a misinterpretation of the legislation's intent, arguing that the law is neither discriminatory nor homophobic and does not infringe upon the equality or rights of LGBTI people.[3][14]

Article 1 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, which concerns the inviolability of human dignity, is central to the case.

The German legal blog Verfassungsblog noted that although the majority of the member states of the European Union and the European Parliament backed the European Commission, their positions contained subtle differences regarding the invocation, assessment, and limitation of Article 2 TEU. The blog divided these positions into two main camps. Belgium, Estonia, Germany, Luxembourg, Malta, and Sweden supported the Commission's view of Article 2 as an autonomous, independent provision, albeit with caveats; for example, Germany and Luxembourg argued that Article 2 should only be invoked after other provisions of EU law have been found to be violated. In contrast, Denmark, Ireland, Greece, the Netherlands, Finland, Spain, and the European Parliament argued that Article 2 should only be invoked "in connection with other provisions".[39]

On 21 November 2024, John Morijn, an assistant professor of European human rights law at the University of Groningen, stated in an interview with The Parliament Magazine that he considers the outcome of the case a foregone conclusion due to its strong legal foundation.[14]

It's rock solid. This case is not really about who will win or lose because I'm sure the Commission will win and Hungary will lose. The only question really is how you win. So do you only win on internal market issues? Or do you also win on the heavier charges, for example, in the way that you stigmatise LGBTQ+ people by equating them with paedophiles, going directly against the very nature of fundamental rights and human dignity?

— John Morijn, interview regarding the case, The Parliament Magazine (21 November 2024)[14]

Morijn highlighted the unprecedented nature of the proceedings, noting that "this is the first on multiple counts", specifically citing the Commission's reliance on Article 1 CFR and its direct invocation of Article 2 TEU, which he described as the "DNA" of the European Union. He predicted a comprehensive victory for the Commission, suggesting the court would find Hungary in violation of both internal market regulations of the charter and the broader values enshrined in the TEU.[14]

The case was characterized as historic by The Parliament Magazine and as a landmark by Verfassungsblog prior to the issuance of the judgement.[14][40]

Preliminary opinion

On 5 June 2025, Tamara Ćapeta, an Advocate General of the European Court of Justice, issued a preliminary opinion in the case supporting the European Commission on all grounds. She recommended that Hungary be declared in violation of Article 2 TEU and Article 1 CFR as freestanding provisions.[41] Ćapeta argued that Hungary had "negated several of those fundamental values" and "significantly deviated from the model of a constitutional democracy". She further asserted that the fundamental rights and human dignity of LGBTI people "cannot be subject to debate through dialogue."[42]

Minors who belong to the LGBTI community are especially affected, as the removal of information about LGBTI lives from the public sphere prevents them from realising that their life is not abnormal. It also affects their acceptance by their peers, in school or other environments and thus affects their right to a 'private social life' as well. Therefore, rather than protecting minors from harm, the contested legislation expands such harm.

— Tamara Ćapeta, Opinion of Advocate General Ćapeta, European Union (5 June 2025)[43]

In what The Guardian described as a "resounding opinion",[2] Ćapeta found that the anti-LGBTI law was based on "a prejudice" that the lives of LGBTI people are "not of equal value or status" rather than on scientific evidence. She stated that the Hungarian government attempted to impose a "climate of hostility", noting that the "stigmatising effects ... may affect the feelings of identity, self-esteem and self-confidence of LGBTI persons."[2][40] Finally, Ćapeta rejected Hungary's "child protection" defense, observing that the legislation targets the "portrayal of ordinary lives of LGBTI people, and is not limited to shielding minors from pornographic content, which was prohibited by the law in Hungary already."[44]

Judgement

In April 2026, in a landmark and wide-ranging judgement[45][46][47][48] delivered by the President of the European Court of Justice, Koen Lenaerts, the court found that Hungary had so seriously systematically violated the fundamental rights of LGBTI people by attempting to exclude, isolate, and sideline them from society that the law violates "the very identity of the Union" as inscribed in Article 2 TEU and also violates Article 1 CFR.[49][50] It is the first time in the history of the European Union that either article has been implemented in a ruling by the Court of Justice of the European Union.[47][51]

On the contrary, the difference in treatment based on sex and sexual orientation brought about by that provision is such as to foster the shaming and alienation of persons, in particular young people and adolescents whose gender identity or sexual orientation does not correspond to 'traditional social norms', with those restrictions causing more harm than they prevent, in particular with regard to minors.

— Judgment of the Full Court, European Court of Justice (21 April 2026)[52]

The court further found that Hungary had discriminated against LGBTI people on the basis of both sex and sexual orientation, violating fundamental freedoms of the European Union.[51][53] The judgment observed that the law falsely conflated LGBTI people with pedophiles, an association which "stigmatises and marginalises" LGBTI people and encourages hostility.[50][54] Ultimately, the Court noted that the legislation was an attempt to portray LGBTI people as a threat to society.[47][53]

Reactions

On 2 May 2026, Hungary's outgoing prime minister Viktor Orbán said that his government would not implement the ruling.[55][56] Human Rights Watch called upon the new Tisza Party government to implement and comply with the ruling.[57]

Following the ruling, Budapest Pride received police permits for its 2026 event, with authorities citing that there was no legal basis to deny permission for the event due to the ECJ ruling: the 2025 event became an unsanctioned assembly in response to a related bill that banned public assemblies that violated the child protection law.[58][59][60] Criminal charges against mayor Gergely Karácsony for holding an illegal assembly were also dropped, with prosecutors similarly citing the EU ruling.[61]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Hungary LGBT: Content aimed at children to be banned". British Broadcasting Corporation. 21 June 2021.
    Esme Nicholson (9 July 2021). "Hungary Bans LGBTQ Content From Schools, But Some Teachers Say They Will Defy It". National Public Radio.
    "Hungary's anti-LGBTQ law comes into effect". Deutsche Welle. 7 August 2021.
    Nicoletta Ionta (5 June 2025). "Hungary broke EU law with anti-LGBTQ law, says EU court legal opinion". Euractiv.
  2. 1 2 3 Jennifer Rankin (5 June 2025). "Hungary's crackdown on LGBTQ+ content violates human rights, says EU lawyer". The Guardian.
  3. 1 2 3 "Forbidden Colours was at EU Court Hearing on Hungary's Anti-LGBTIQ+ Law". Forbidden Colours. 21 November 2024.
    Lena Kaiser, Andreas Knecht, Luke Dimitrios Spieker (26 November 2024). "European Society Strikes Back | The Member States Embrace Article 2 TEU in Commission v Hungary". Verfassungsblog.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
    Francesco de Cecco (5 December 2024). "Added value(s)? | On the Hearing in Commission v Hungary". Verfassungsblog.
  4. 1 2 3 Jennifer Rankin (15 June 2021). "Hungary passes law banning LGBT content in schools or kids' TV". The Guardian.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Nick Thorpe (23 June 2021). "Hungary's anti-gay law threatens programming of TV favourites". British Broadcasting Corporation.
  6. 1 2 3 Benjamin Novak (15 June 2021). "Hungary Adopts Child Sex Abuse Law That Also Targets L.G.B.T. Community". The New York Times.
  7. ↑ "Lawmakers in Hungary pass anti-LGBT law ahead of 2022 election". France 24. Reuters. 16 June 2021.
  8. 1 2 3 John Chin, Mirren Hibbert. "Hungary and the future of Europe". The Loop | European Consortium for Political Research | European Union.
    Rafi Schwartz (8 April 2026). "Why Hungary's elections matter to the global right". The Week.
    "Christian Nationalists See Illiberal Hungary As A Model For America". Americans United for Separation of Church and State
    author=Ethan Magistro    . 24 June 2021.
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    Alexander Faludy (16 December 2025). "ABUSE IN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH: IS THIS HUNGARY'S 'BOSTON' MOMENT?". Balkan Insight.
  9. 1 2 3 Marianne Gros (30 June 2024). "Orbán's Fidesz forming new far-right alliance with Austrian, Czech parties". Politico Europe.
    Grégoire Sauvage (30 June 2024). "How Orban benefits from Hungary's tailor-made election system". France 24.
    Berberoglu, Berch (23 September 2020). "Introduction: Crisis of Neoliberal Globalization and the Rise of Authoritarianism in the Early 21st Century". In Berberoglu, Berch (ed.). The Global Rise of Authoritarianism in the 21st Century: Crisis of Neoliberal Globalization and the Nationalist Response (1st ed.). New York and London: Routledge. p. 10. doi:10.4324/9780367854379. ISBN 978-0-367-85437-9. p. 10: He points out that since gaining a two-thirds majority in the 2010 general elections, the formerly conservative and now far-right Fidesz–KDNP government led by Viktor Orbán has carried out a root-and-branch transformation of Hungarian society.
    Jon Henley (3 April 2026). "Hungary elections: what is at stake and who is likely to win?". The Guardian.
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  10. 1 2 David Hutt (13 April 2022). "Soul searching for Hungary's once 'neo-Nazi' Jobbik party". Euronews.
  11. ↑ Renáta Uitz (2 April 2025). "How Hungary's Pride Ban Tests the EU's Commitment to Democracy". Verfassungsblog.
  12. 1 2 3 4 Jo Harper (25 June 2021). "Hungary's real pedophilia problem has nothing to do with 'gay content'". Emerging Europe.
  13. 1 2 Bridget Ryder (1 March 2024). "The Catholic Church in Hungary is deeply politicized—and shrinking". America.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Eloise Hardy (21 November 2024). "ECJ reviews Hungary's LGBTQ+ law in historic values case". The Parliament Magazine.
  15. ↑ "U.S. and EU condemn Hungary's new ban on "promotion" of homosexuality to minors". CBS News. Agence France-Presse. 17 June 2021.
    RFE/RL's Hungarian Service (15 June 2021). "EU, U.S. React Sharply After Hungary Passes Bill Banning LGBT Content In Schools". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.
  16. ↑ Jennifer Rankin (8 July 2021). "EU parliament condemns Hungary's anti-LGBT law". The Guardian.
    "European Parliament vehemently opposed to Hungarian anti-LGBTIQ law". European Parliament | European Union. 8 July 2021.
  17. ↑ "Hungarian government must stop instrumentalising and weakening the human rights of LGBTI people". Council of Europe. 13 January 2022.
  18. ↑ "Hungary: LGBTQI amendments incompatible with international human rights standards says Venice Commission". Council of Europe. 14 December 2021.
  19. ↑ "Secretary-General's press encounter with Charles Michel, President of the European Council". United Nations. 24 June 2021.
  20. ↑ Stephanie Nebehay (26 June 2021). "U.N. rights expert decries Hungary's new anti-LGBT law". Reuters.
  21. ↑ "Joint Statement on the occasion of the 26th Budapest Pride Festival". Global Affairs Canada | Government of Canada. 19 July 2021.
    "Joint Statement on the Occasion of the 27th Budapest Pride Festival". Denmark in Hungary | Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark. 18 July 2022.
    "Joint Statement on the Occasion of the 28th Budapest Pride Festival". Embassy of the United States, Budapest | United States Department of State | Federal Government of the United States. 14 July 2023. Archived from the original on 15 July 2023.
    "Joint Statement on the Occasion of the 29th Budapest Pride Festival". German Embassy Budapest. 20 June 2024."Joint Statement on the occasion of the 30th Budapest Pride Festival". Switzerland and Hungary | Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland | Federal Council of Switzerland. 26 June 2025.
  22. ↑ "Hungary: Anti-LGBT+ Law Investigated by European Court of Justice". All Out.
  23. ↑ "Hungary: Dark day for LGBTI rights as homophobic and transphobic law adopted". Amnesty International. 15 June 2021.
  24. ↑ "Hungary: End the attacks on the LGBTQI community and the rule of law in the EU". Article 19. 22 June 2021.
  25. ↑ "A 'DARK DAY' FOR LGBTI RIGHTS IN HUNGARY, LEADING TO CALLS FOR URGENT EU ACTION". Civicus. 6 July 2021.
  26. ↑ "Hungarian Parliament passes Putin-like propaganda law despite huge social uproar". Háttér Society. 15 June 2021.
  27. ↑ "Hungary: Reject Bill Banning Discussion of LGBT Issues". Human Rights Watch. 11 June 2021.
  28. ↑ "EUROPE'S LEADING LGBTI RIGHTS ORGANISATION CALLS ON EU TO ACT AS HUNGARIAN PARLIAMENT ADOPTS LEGISLATION CENSORING COMMUNICATION ABOUT LGBTI PEOPLE". ILGA-Europe. 15 June 2021.
  29. ↑ "EU Commission Takes Hungary to Court Over Homo- And Transphobic Law". Transgender Europe. 24 August 2022.
  30. ↑ "Hungary's anti-LGBT bill amendments denounced by human rights officials". The National. PA News Agency. 14 June 2021.
    "Hungary passes anti-LGBTQ law banning content in schools that promotes homosexuality". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Associated Press. 15 June 2021.
    "Hungary lawmakers pass bill barring LGBT content for minors, move denounced by rights groups". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Associated Press. 15 June 2021.
    "Hungary lawmakers ban sharing LGBTQ content with minors". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. 15 June 2021.
    "Thousands in Hungary protest anti-LGBT bills in front of parliament". France 24. Associated Press. 14 June 2021.
  31. ↑ "EU founding values: Commission starts legal action against Hungary and Poland for violations of fundamental rights of LGBTIQ people". European Commission | European Union. 15 July 2025.
    Florian Eder, Jules Darmanin (15 July 2025). "EU to take legal action against Hungary's anti-gay law". Politico Europe.
  32. ↑ "Budapest's LGBT law violates European law: EU Court". Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata. 21 April 2026.
  33. ↑ "Hungary's anti-LGBTQ law broke EU rules: court advisor". Times of Malta. Agence France-Presse. 5 June 2025.
  34. 1 2 European Parliamentary Research Service | Katharina Eisele, David de Groot, Eleanora Takitz (November 2025). "Towards a union of equality | Recent developments in LGBTIQ equality" (PDF). European Parliament | European Union.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
    David De Groot· (3 April 2025). "Hungary's ban on Pride". European Parliamentary Research Service | European Parliament | European Union.
  35. ↑ Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and the United Kingdom | European Union (7 February 1992). "Consolidated version of the Treaty on European Union". EUR-Lex | European Union.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  36. ↑ European Parliament, European Council, European Commission | European Union (2 October 2000). "Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union". EUR-Lex | European Union.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  37. ↑ Maïthé Chini (19 November 2024). "Setting a precedent: EU top court to rule on Hungary's 'anti-LGBTQ propaganda' law". The Brussels Times.
    "Hungary's anti-LGBTQ law broke EU rules: court advisor". Times of Malta. Agence France-Presse. 5 June 2025.
    Luke Dimitrios Spieker, John Morijn, Jakob Gašperin Wischhoff (22 November 2024). "The Silent Majority Has Found Its Voice". Verfassungsblog.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  38. ↑ "Hungary violated EU law with anti-LGBTQ legislation - EU court". The Brussels Times. Belga. 5 June 2025.
  39. ↑ Lena Kaiser, Andreas Knecht, Luke Dimitrios Spieker (26 November 2024). "European Society Strikes Back | The Member States Embrace Article 2 TEU in Commission v Hungary". Verfassungsblog.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  40. 1 2 Konstantinos Lamprinoudis (11 June 2025). "Somewhere Over The Rainbow". Verfassungsblog.
  41. ↑ Tamara Ćapeta (5 June 2025). "EU values: Advocate General Ćapeta considers that, by prohibiting or restricting access to LGBTI content, Hungary infringed EU law" (PDF). Court of Justice of the European Union | European Union.
    Tamara Ćapeta (5 June 2025). "Opinion of Advocate General Ćapeta delivered on 5 June 2025". EUR-Lex | European Union.
    Jennifer Rankin (5 June 2025). "Hungary's crackdown on LGBTQ+ content violates human rights, says EU lawyer". The Guardian.
    "Hungary's anti-LGBTQ law broke EU rules: court advisor". Times of Malta. Agence France-Presse. 5 June 2025.
    "Hungary violated EU law with anti-LGBTQ legislation - EU court". The Brussels Times. Belga. 5 June 2025.
  42. ↑ Nicoletta Ionta (5 June 2025). "Hungary broke EU law with anti-LGBTQ law, says EU court legal opinion". Euractiv.
  43. ↑ Tamara Ćapeta (5 June 2025). "Opinion of Advocate General Ćapeta delivered on 5 June 2025". EUR-Lex | European Union.
  44. ↑ Justin Spike (5 June 2025). "EU court urged to rule against Hungary's anti-LGBTQ+ law". Associated Press.
  45. ↑ Mathieu Pollet (21 April 2026). "EU top court strikes down Hungary's anti-LGBTQ+ rules". Politico Europe.
  46. ↑ "EU court finds Hungary's anti-LGBTQ legislation violates bloc's rules". France 24. 21 April 2026.
  47. 1 2 3 Jennifer Rankin (21 April 2026). "EU's top court finds Hungary's anti-LGBTQ+ law in breach of key values". The Guardian.
  48. ↑ Paul Kirby (21 April 2026). "Unprecedented ruling finds Hungary's anti-LGBTQ laws in breach of EU values". British Broadcasting Corporation.
  49. ↑ Suban Abdulla, Alan Charlish, Peter Graff, Gareth Jones (21 April 2026). "EU court says Hungary's anti-LGBTQ rules breach law". Reuters.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  50. 1 2 Sandor Zsiros (21 April 2026). "EU Court rules Orbán's anti LGBTQ+ law breaches core values, calls on Budapest to cancel it". Euronews.
  51. 1 2 Justin Spike (21 April 2026). "Hungary's anti-LGBTQ+ legislation violates EU law, court finds". Associated Press.
  52. ↑ European Court of Justice (5 June 2025). "Judgment of the Court (Full Court) of 21 April 2026". EUR-Lex | European Union.
  53. 1 2 Mark Hallam (21 April 2026). "Hungary: Orban-era LGBTQ rules breach EU laws, ECJ finds". Deutsche Welle.
  54. ↑ Márton Balázs, Andrea Horváth Kávai (21 April 2026). "Hungarian law equating gays with pedophiles violates EU law, CJEU rules". Telex.hu.
  55. ↑ "Outgoing PM Orbán says no to EU court ruling". DailyNewsHungary. 2 May 2026. Retrieved 8 May 2026.
  56. ↑ "Hungary Rejects EU Court Ruling on Child Protection Law". The European Conservative. 2 May 2026. Retrieved 8 May 2026.
  57. ↑ "Hungary: Top EU Court Rules Anti-LGBT Law Unlawful". Human Rights Watch. 22 April 2026. Retrieved 23 April 2026.
  58. ↑ "Budapest Pride allowed to take place in 2026". POLITICO. 29 May 2026. Retrieved 31 May 2026.
  59. ↑ "Hungary police say 'no grounds' to ban Budapest Pride parade". RFI. 29 May 2026. Retrieved 31 May 2026.
  60. ↑ Owen, Greg. "Pride returns to Budapest after dictator was voted out". LGBTQ Nation. Retrieved 31 May 2026.
  61. ↑ "Charges dropped against Budapest mayor over 2025 Pride march". BBC News. 4 June 2026. Retrieved 14 June 2026.
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