Escola sem Partido

Miguel Nagib, creator of "Escola sem Partido"

Escola sem Partido (Portuguese for Nonpartisan School)[1] is a political movement in Brazil aimed at curbing what its supporters perceive to be left-wing ideological indoctrination in schools and universities.[2][3] It is articulated by far-right politicians, who defend the ultraliberal ideology and religious fundamentalism of neo-Pentecostal evangelicals and the Catholic Charismatic Renewal.[4] It gained notoriety in 2015 when bills inspired by the movement began to be presented and debated in numerous municipal chambers and legislative assemblies across the country, as well as in the Brazilian National Congress.[5][6][7][8]

The movement was created in 2004 by lawyer Miguel Nagib,[9][10][11] who continued promoting it until 2019.[12]

Nearly 60 bills were introduced nationwide under the influence of the movement.[13] Analyzing these proposals and the documents made available by the campaign, the National Council for Human Rights issued a resolution repudiating all initiatives of the Escola sem Partido movement.[14][15] The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights treated the bills promoted by the movement as threats to basic human rights.[16] Several of these bills were challenged by the Federal Public Prosecutor's Office, the Advocacy General of the Union, and the Supreme Federal Court.[17][18][19]

History

The movement began in 2004, when attorney Miguel Nagib created a website where parents could post complaints of teachers and professors who were supposedly indoctrinating their children politically.[10][9] Since then, there have been several proposals and bills introduced nationwide inspired by the "Escola sem Partido" concept, one of which was approved in the state of Alagoas in 2016.[5] A federal bill, Bill no. 193, was introduced in 2016 by Senator Magno Malta.[20]

Repercussion

The movement has gained steam in 2018, with the election of Jair Bolsonaro as president.[21] Bolsonaro is a supporter of "Escola sem Partido", as was his former Minister of Education, Ricardo Vélez Rodríguez.[22] Other supporters of the project include the Free Brazil Movement (MBL),[23] senator Flávio Bolsonaro and city councilman Fernando Holiday.[24] State Representative Ana Caroline Campagnolo (PSL) became the target of an investigation after suggesting that students record videos of their classes and denounce "indoctrinating teachers."[25]

Opponents of "Escola sem Partido" say that the movement's proposals would restrict freedom of speech in the classroom and would harm critical thinking.[26][5] Federal deputy Erika Kokay suggested that a "Escola sem Partido" bill would turn teachers into "enemies of the nation".[27]

Representatives from educational organizations in 87 countries signed a motion against censorship of teachers during the 6th World Assembly of the Global Campaign for Education, which took place between the 16th and 18th in Kathmandu, Nepal. The signing of the document was proposed by the Latin American Campaign for the Right to Education (CLADE), with support from organizations in Norway, Germany, and Angola, among others. The motion cites the Escola sem Partido movement as one that encourages censorship of teachers.[28][29]

References

  1. ↑ Capaverde, Caroline Bastos; Lessa, Bruno de Souza; Lopes, Fernando Dias (2019). ""Escola sem Partido" para quem?" ["Non-partisan School" for whom?]. Ensaio: Avaliação e Políticas Públicas em Educação (in Portuguese). 27: 204–222. doi:10.1590/S0104-40362018002601369. hdl:10183/195689. ISSN 0104-4036.
  2. ↑ Gawryszewski, Bruno; Motta, Vânia (28 June 2018). "A OFENSIVA CONSERVADORA-LIBERAL NA EDUCAÇÃO: ELEMENTOS PARA UMA ANÁLISE DA CONJUNTURA CONTEMPORÂNEA" [THE CONSERVATIVE-LIBERAL OFFENSIVE IN EDUCATION: ELEMENTS FOR AN ANALYSIS OF THE CONTEMPORARY SITUATION]. Revista Trabalho Necessário (in Brazilian Portuguese). 15 (26). doi:10.22409/tn.15i26.p9624. ISSN 1808-799X.
  3. ↑ Coelho, Marcelo (13 February 2019). "Marcelo Coelho: Afinal, cadê a doutrinação comunista?" [Marcelo Coelho: So, where's the communist indoctrination?]. Folha de S.Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 13 February 2019. Retrieved 12 June 2026.
  4. ↑ Hermida, Jorge Fernando; Lira, Jailton de Souza (9 June 2020). "Quando fundamentalismo religioso e mercado se encontram: as bases históricas, econômicas e políticas da escola sem partido" [When religious fundamentalism and the market meet: the historical, economic, and political foundations of the non-partisan school movement]. Roteiro (in Brazilian Portuguese). 45: 1–32. doi:10.18593/r.v45i0.23216. ISSN 2177-6059.
  5. 1 2 3 Moreno, Ana Carolina; Tenente, Luiza; Fajardo, Vanessa (3 August 2016). "'Escola sem Partido': entenda a polêmica em torno do movimento e seus projetos de lei" [‘Nonpartisan School’: understand the controversy surrounding the movement and its bills]. G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 4 August 2016.
  6. ↑ Gasperin, Emerson (26 June 2016). "Linha de montagem: Escola Sem Partido discute a neutralidade do ensino no país" [Assembly line: The Non-partisan School program discusses the neutrality of education in the country]. Diário Catarinense (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 9 July 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2026.
  7. ↑ "Discurso do(a) Deputado(a) PL 7180/14 - ESCOLA SEM PARTIDO em 15/2/2017 às 14:30" [Speech by Representative Bill 7180/14 - NON-PARTISAN SCHOOL on 2/15/2017 at 2:30 PM]. Chamber of Deputies. Retrieved 12 June 2026.
  8. ↑ Bugierman, Denis R. (6 July 2017). "Escola sem noção" [Nonsense school]. Nexo Jornal (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2026.
  9. 1 2 Mariz, Renata; Barretto, Eduardo (29 July 2017). "Pais interferem em escolas que abordam questão de gênero nos livros e vetam conteúdo" [Parents interfere in schools that address gender issues in books and veto content]. O Globo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Brasília. Archived from the original on 29 July 2017.
  10. 1 2 Bedinelli, Talita (25 June 2016). ""O professor da minha filha comparou Che Guevara a São Francisco de Assis"" [“My daughter’s teacher compared Che Guevara to Saint Francis of Assisi”]. El País (in Brazilian Portuguese). São Paulo. Archived from the original on 27 June 2016.
  11. ↑ Macedo, Elizabeth (June 2017). "AS DEMANDAS CONSERVADORAS DO MOVIMENTO ESCOLA SEM PARTIDO E A BASE NACIONAL CURRICULAR COMUM" [THE CONSERVATIVE DEMANDS OF THE NON-PARTISAN SCHOOL MOVEMENT AND THE NATIONAL COMMON CURRICULUM BASE]. Educação & Sociedade (in Brazilian Portuguese). 38 (139): 507–524. doi:10.1590/es0101-73302017177445. ISSN 0101-7330.
  12. ↑ Ferreira, Paula (18 July 2019). "Escola sem Partido anuncia suspensão de atividades, e criador do movimento desabafa: 'Esperávamos apoio de Bolsonaro'" [The Non-partisan School movement announces the suspension of its activities, and its creator laments: "We expected support from Bolsonaro."]. O Globo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 18 July 2019. Retrieved 12 June 2026.
  13. ↑ Alan (3 August 2017). "Quase 60 projetos de lei relacionados ao Escola sem Partido tramitam em todo o país" [Nearly 60 bills related to the Non-partisan School movement are currently being processed across the country]. De Olho nos Planos (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 12 June 2026.
  14. ↑ "CNDH aprova resolução sobre 'Escola sem Partido'" [National Council for Human Rights approves resolution on 'Non-Partisan School' movement]. Ministry of Human Rights and Citizenship (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 5 September 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2026.
  15. ↑ Martins, Helena (30 August 2017). "Conselho de Direitos Humanos aprova resolução em repúdio ao Escola sem Partido" [Human Rights Council approves resolution condemning the Non-partisan School movement]. Agência Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 12 June 2026.
  16. ↑ "ONU se manifesta contra o "Escola Sem Partido" e cita mudanças na Base Curricular" [The UN speaks out against the Non-partisan School movement and cites changes to the National Curriculum Framework]. Campanha Nacional pelo Direito à Educação (in Brazilian Portuguese). 13 April 2017. Archived from the original on 6 September 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2026.
  17. ↑ "MPF diz que Escola sem Partido é inconstitucional e impede o pluralismo" [Federal Prosecutor's Office says that the Non-partisan School program is unconstitutional and hinders pluralism]. Agência Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). 22 July 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2026.
  18. ↑ "Para PGR, 'escola sem partido' é inconstitucional e subestima alunos" [According to the Attorney General's Office, the 'non-partisan school' movement is unconstitutional and underestimates students]. m.folha.uol.com.br. Retrieved 12 June 2026.
  19. ↑ "Após derrota no STF, fundador do Escola Sem Partido diz que deixa movimento" [After defeat in the Supreme Court, founder of the Non-partisan School movement says he is leaving]. educacao.uol.com.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 12 June 2026.
  20. ↑ Amâncio, Thiago (12 August 2016). "Estudantes protestam contra Escola Sem Partido em colégio de SP" [Students protest against Escola Sem Partido in a school in SP]. Folha de S.Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). São Paulo. Archived from the original on 13 August 2016.
  21. ↑ "Motores de Bolsonaro, Escola sem Partido e ideologia de gênero têm raízes religiosas" [Bolsonaro's motors, the Escola sem Partido movement, and gender ideology have religious roots]. Folha de São Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese).
  22. ↑ "'Será uma coisa moderada', diz futuro ministro sobre projeto Escola sem Partido" ['It will be a moderate thing', says future minister about the Non-partisan School project]. Folha de São Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese).
  23. ↑ Monteiro, Caroline (16 August 2017). "Ato do Escola sem Partido reúne apenas 35 pessoas em São Paulo" [Escola sem Partido rally gathers only 35 people in São Paulo]. Nova Escola (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 13 June 2026.
  24. ↑ "A marcha falida do MBL pelo Escola Sem Partido" [The failed march of the MBL for the Non-partisan School movement]. Vice (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 16 August 2017. Retrieved 13 June 2026.
  25. ↑ "Deputada estadual do PSL eleita por SC incita alunos a filmar e denunciar professores" [A state representative from the PSL party, elected in Santa Catarina, incites students to film and report teachers]. G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). 29 October 2018. Retrieved 13 June 2026.
  26. ↑ "Como educadores, não podemos aceitar a Escola sem Partido" [As educators, we cannot accept the Escola sem Partido movement]. Carta Capital (in Brazilian Portuguese).
  27. ↑ "Controversial Education Project Divides Brazil's Lower House". The Rio Times.
  28. ↑ Tokarnia, Mariana (23 November 2018). "Entidades de 87 países assinam moção contra censura a professores" [Organizations from 87 countries sign motion against censorship of teachers]. Agência Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 13 June 2026.
  29. ↑ "Mais de 150 entidades de 87 países se unem contra Escola Sem Partido" [More than 150 organizations from 87 countries unite against the Escola sem Partido movement]. Exame (in Brazilian Portuguese).
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