Enterobacterales
| Enterobacterales | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Cronobacter sakazakii, formerly classified as Enterobacter sakazakii[1] | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Kingdom: | Pseudomonadati |
| Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
| Class: | Gammaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Enterobacterales Adeolu et al. 2016[2] |
| Families[3] | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Enterobacterales is an order of Gram-negative bacteria in the class Gammaproteobacteria. Members are typically non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, and facultatively anaerobic.[2] The type genus is Enterobacter.[3] The name is formed from Enterobacter and the suffix -ales, which denotes an order.[3]
Members of the order occupy diverse ecological niches. They include human and animal pathogens, such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Yersinia pestis, as well as plant-pathogenic members of Dickeya, Pectobacterium, Brenneria, Erwinia, and Pantoea.[2][5]
Taxonomy and nomenclature
The name "Enterobacteriales" was introduced for an order with Escherichia as its type genus, but it was not validly published under the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes and has no standing in nomenclature.[4]
In 2016, a comparative genomic analysis used phylogenies based on 1,548 core proteins, 53 ribosomal proteins, and four multilocus sequence analysis proteins, together with overall genome similarity and conserved signature indels. The analysis supported seven monophyletic groups, which were recognized as the families Enterobacteriaceae, Erwiniaceae, Pectobacteriaceae, Yersiniaceae, Hafniaceae, Morganellaceae, and Budviciaceae within the newly established order Enterobacterales.[2] The difficulty of consistently resolving these groups using 16S rRNA gene trees was one reason for adopting a genome-based classification.[2]
The family Gallaecimonadaceae was subsequently added to the order.[6][7] LPSN currently recognizes eight families with validly published and correct names in Enterobacterales.[3]
Molecular signatures
Five conserved signature indels were reported for the order in proteins annotated as a peptide ABC transporter permease, the elongation factor P-like protein YeiP, L-arabinose isomerase, pyrophosphatase, and a hypothetical protein. These indels were found in all or most sampled members of Enterobacterales and distinguished them from other Gammaproteobacteria in the analysis.[2]
Phylogeny
The following tree is based on the 120-marker-protein bacterial reference tree from GTDB release R11-RS232.[8][9][10] It has been pruned to the type species of the type genus of each family recognized by LPSN; family names are shown in place of those species.[3]
| 120 marker proteins based GTDB R11-RS232 |
|---|
References
- ↑ Cronobacter sakazakii in LPSN; Freese, H. M.; Meier-Kolthoff, J. P.; Sardà Carbasse, J.; Afolayan, A. O.; Göker, M. (29 October 2025). "TYGS and LPSN in 2025: a Global Core Biodata Resource for genome-based classification and nomenclature of prokaryotes within DSMZ Digital Diversity". Nucleic Acids Research. 53: D1–D12. doi:10.1093/nar/gkaf1110.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Adeolu, Mobolaji; Alnajar, Seema; Naushad, Sohail; Gupta, Radhey S. (2016). "Genome-based phylogeny and taxonomy of the 'Enterobacteriales': proposal for Enterobacterales ord. nov. divided into the families Enterobacteriaceae, Erwiniaceae fam. nov., Pectobacteriaceae fam. nov., Yersiniaceae fam. nov., Hafniaceae fam. nov., Morganellaceae fam. nov., and Budviciaceae fam. nov". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 66 (12): 5575–5599. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.001485. PMID 27620848.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Enterobacterales in LPSN; Freese, H. M.; Meier-Kolthoff, J. P.; Sardà Carbasse, J.; Afolayan, A. O.; Göker, M. (29 October 2025). "TYGS and LPSN in 2025: a Global Core Biodata Resource for genome-based classification and nomenclature of prokaryotes within DSMZ Digital Diversity". Nucleic Acids Research. 53: D1–D12. doi:10.1093/nar/gkaf1110.
- 1 2 "Order: "Enterobacteriales"". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. Leibniz Institute DSMZ. Retrieved 16 August 2026.
- ↑ Octavia, Sophie; Lan, Ruiting (2014). "The family Enterobacteriaceae". The Prokaryotes: Gammaproteobacteria. Berlin: Springer. pp. 225–286. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-38922-1_167. ISBN 978-3-642-38922-1.
- ↑ Chuvochina, Maria; Mussig, Aaron J.; Chaumeil, Pierre-Alain; Skarshewski, Adam; Rinke, Christian; Parks, Donovan H.; Hugenholtz, Philip (2023). "Proposal of names for 329 higher rank taxa defined in the Genome Taxonomy Database under two prokaryotic codes". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 370 fnad071. doi:10.1093/femsle/fnad071. PMC 10408702. PMID 37480240.
- ↑ Gallaecimonadaceae in LPSN; Freese, H. M.; Meier-Kolthoff, J. P.; Sardà Carbasse, J.; Afolayan, A. O.; Göker, M. (29 October 2025). "TYGS and LPSN in 2025: a Global Core Biodata Resource for genome-based classification and nomenclature of prokaryotes within DSMZ Digital Diversity". Nucleic Acids Research. 53: D1–D12. doi:10.1093/nar/gkaf1110.
- ↑ "GTDB release R11-RS232". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 16 August 2026.
- ↑ "bac120_r232.sp_labels.tree". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 16 August 2026.
- ↑ "Methods used in the Genome Taxonomy Database, release R11-RS232". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 16 August 2026.