Roman Catholic Diocese of Sarno

Co-cathedral of Sarno

The Diocese of Sarno (Latin: Dioecesis Sarnensis) was a Roman Catholic diocese located in the town of Sarno in the province of Salerno in the Campania region of Italy. It is 21 km directly east of Mt. Vesuvius, and 10.5 km north of Nocera de' Pagani. In 1818, it was united with the Diocese of Cava de' Tirreni to form the Diocese of Cava e Sarno.[1][2]

History

In 1051, Pope Leo IX granted Archbishop John of Salerno the privilege of choosing and consecrating bishops for his six suffragan dioceses, while the pope relinquished his rights in the same matters. In 1058, Pope Stephen IX repeated the privilege of Leo IX for Archbishop Alfanus.[3] In 1066, relying on these privileges, Archbishop Alfanus created the new diocese of Sarno, and appointed and consecrated its first bishop, Risus.[4] The archbishop also determined the boundaries of the new diocese.[5]

Chapter and cathedral

The cathedral of Sarno was established and built by Bishop Risus, and dedicated to Saint Michael the Archangel.[6] It was repeatedly restored and rebuilt.

The cathedral was served and administered by an ecclesiastical body called the Chapter, which was composed of four dignities (the Primicerius, the Archdeacon, the Cantor, and the Archpriest) and eight canons. In 1760, there were four dignities and twelve canons. There were two other parishes inside Sarno, a city of about 5,000 persons.[7]

Seminary

The seminary was opened by Bishop Antonio d'Aquino (1595–1618), in the old episcopal palace, and financed with the income from twenty-two simple benefices.[8] The seminary in Sarno was closed in 1818, when Pope Pius VII joined the diocese to that of Cava de' Tirreni, and the students transferred to the seminary in Cava.

Election of 1311

Following the death of Bishop Ruggiero in 1311, the cathedral Chapter met to select a new bishop. There were two factions, and each separately elected its candidate. The larger number opted for Abbot Matthew of the Benedictine monastery of Mary, Mother of God, in Salerno; the minority chose Ruggiero de Canalibus, a canon of the cathedral of Salerno. The candidates found irregularities in the electoral process, and appealed to their Metropolitan in Salerno, though he was only archbishop-elect. The suit was heard by Joannes Rogerii, Archdeacon of Reggio Calabriae, on behalf of the archbishop-elect, and the parties then chose to appeal to the pope in Avignon. Abbot Matthew resigned his claims to the pope, while Ruggiero de Canalibus already assumed control over the diocese of Sarno. On 23 May 1311, Pope Clement V wrote to the bishops of Aversa and Pozzuoli, ordering them to investigate the affair and send him a report. Ruggiero was given two months to present himself in person before the pope in Avignon. Evidently he was eventually confirmed.[9]

From 1516 to 1540, the diocese was ruled by five cardinals in succession, each administering the diocese through Vicars.[10]

Concordat of 1818

Following the extinction of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy, the Congress of Vienna authorized the restoration of the Papal States and the Kingdom of Naples. Since the French occupation had seen the abolition of many Church institutions in the Kingdom, as well as the confiscation of most Church property and resources, it was imperative that Pope Pius VII and King Ferdinand IV reach agreement on restoration and restitution. Ferdinand, however, was not prepared to accept the pre-Napoleonic situation, in which Naples was a feudal subject of the papacy. Lengthy, detailed, and acrimonious negotiations ensued.

In 1818, a new concordat with the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies committed the pope to the suppression of more than fifty small dioceses in the kingdom. The ecclesiastical province of Salerno was affected. Pope Pius VII, in the bull "De Utiliori" of 27 June 1818, chose to suppress the diocese of Sarno completely, and assign its people and territory to the diocese of Cava de'Terreni.[11] In the same concordat, the King was confirmed in the right to nominate candidates for vacant bishoprics, subject to the approval of the pope. That situation persisted down until the final overthrow of the Bourbon monarchy in 1860.[12]

Diocesan reorganization of 1986

The Second Vatican Council (1962–1965), in order to ensure that all Catholics received proper spiritual attention, decreed the reorganization of the diocesan structure of Italy and the consolidation of small and struggling dioceses. It also recommended the abolition of anomalous units such as exempt territorial prelatures.[13]

On 18 February 1984, the Vatican and the Italian State signed a new and revised concordat. Based on the revisions, a set of Normae was issued on 15 November 1984, which was accompanied in the next year, on 3 June 1985, by enabling legislation. According to the agreement, the practice of having one bishop govern two separate dioceses at the same time, aeque personaliter, was abolished. Instead, the Vatican continued consultations which had begun under Pope John XXIII for the merging of small dioceses, especially those with personnel and financial problems, into one combined diocese.

On 30 September 1986, Pope John Paul II ordered that the dioceses of Nocera de'Pagani and Sarno be merged into one diocese with one bishop, with the Latin title Dioecesis Nucerina Paganorum-Sarnensis The seat of the diocese was to be in Nocera. The former cathedral in Sarno would be designated a "co-cathedral"., though there was to be only one cathedral Chapter; the former Chapter of Sarno was to be designated the Chapter of the Co-Cathedral. There was to be one seminary.[14]

Bishops of Sarno

Erected: 11th Century
Latin Name: Sarnensis
Metropolitan: Archdiocese of Salerno

From 1066 to 1500

  • Risus[15]
  • Ioannes[16]
  • Petrus
  • Ioannes (c. 1179)[17]
  • Unfridus (c. 1180–1184)[18]
  • [Ignotus][19]
  • Rogerius (1209–1216)[20]
  • Joannes (1216–1222)[21]
...
  • Angelo Cachaevulpe (1254– ? )[22]
  • Joannes ? (1265– ? )[23]
...
  • Guglielmo (1296– ? )[24]
  • Rogerius  ? –1311)[25]
  • Rogerius (1311–1316)[26]
  • Giordano da Miramonte, O.P. (1316– ? )[27]
  • Nicholas ( ? –1333)[28]
  • Franciscus de Perusio, O.F.M. (1333– ? )[29]
  • Napoleone ( ? –1350)
  • Theobaldus (1350–1372)
  • Joannes Sicci Heroti di Teramo (1372– )[30]
...
  • Joannes (c. 1404–1418?) Roman Obedience[31]
  • Marco de Teramo (1418–1439)[32]
  • Andrea de Nola, O.F.M. (1439–1470)[33]
  • Leonardo (1470–1475)[34]
  • Antonio de' Pazzi (1475–1477)[35]
  • Joannes (Ebu) (1477–1481)
  • Andrea de Rogeriis (1481–1496)
  • Agostino d'Estouteville (1496–1501 Resigned)[36]

From 1500 to 1594

From 1595 to 1818

  • Antonio d'Aquino (1595–1618 Appointed, Archbishop of Taranto)
  • Stefano Solis Castelblanco, Theat. (1618–1657)[48]
  • Antonio de Matteis Corano (1659–1665)
  • Sisto Maria Pironti, O.P. (1666–1673)[49]
  • Niccolò Antonio De Tura (1673–1706)[50]
  • Marco Antonio Attaffi (1706–1718 Appointed, Bishop of Squillace)
  • Didaco Di Pace (1718–1737)
  • Francesco De Novellis (1738–1760)[51]
  • Giovanni Saverio Pirelli (1760–1792 Resigned)[52]
  • Lorenzo Potenza (1792–1811)[53]
○ After Potenza's death, the diocese was governed by Bishop Vicncenzo Torrusto of Nola, acting as Vicar Capitular (1811–1815; then by the elected Vicar-capitular, Archdeacon Agnello de Vivo (1815–1818).
27 June 1818: Sarno was united with the Diocese of Cava de' Tirreni to form the Diocese of Cava e Sarno

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Diocese of Sarno" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved October 12, 2017
  2. ↑ "Diocese of Sarno" GCatholic.org. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved October 12, 2017
  3. ↑ Kehr VIII, pp. 349-350, nos. 19 and 21: "...hoc est in Paestanen. civ. et Consana et Acherontina et Nolana quoque et Cusentina necnon et in Visinianen. et in Malvito et in Policastro et in Marsico et in Martirano [Viciniano] et in Caciano cum omnibus parochiis, insuper facultatem arbitrio eius ordinandi episcopos in aliis locis Salernitan. dioecesis...." Hans-Walter Klewitz, "Zur Geschichte der Bistumsorganisation Campaniens und Apuliens im 10. und 11. Jahrhundert," (in German), in: Quellen und Forschungen aus Italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken Vol 24 (Rome 1932/33), pp. 17-18.
  4. ↑ D'Avino, p. 621.
  5. ↑ Ughelli VII, p. 571. Kehr VIII, p. 303: "Risum ordinavit et fines novae dioecesis determinavit." The full text of Alfano's bull is printed by Normandie, pp. 193-195.
  6. ↑ Ughelli, Italia sacra IV, p. 570.
  7. ↑ Ritzler & Sefrin VI, p. 368, note 1.
  8. ↑ Normandia, p. 180.
  9. ↑ Regestum Clementis Papae V, (in Latin), annus sextus (Roma: Typographia Vaticana 1887), p. 175-176, no. 6910. Eubel I, p. 436
  10. ↑ D'Avino, p. 622, col. 1.
  11. ↑ Bullarii Romani continuatio, Summorum Pontificum Clementis XIII, Clementis XIV, Pii VI, Pii VII, Leonis XII Gregorii XVI constitutiones... (in Latin). Vol. Tomus decimus quintus (15). Rome: typographia Reverendae Camerae Apostolicae. 1853. pp. 9, 59 § 24.: "Itemque cathedralem ecclesiam Sarnensem ad concathedralitatis statum transferentes eamdem episcopali ecclesiae Cavensi in perpetuum aeque principaliter similiter unimus, ac supprimentes episcopalem cathedram Nucerinam Paganorum, illius ecclesiam et dioecesim antedictae ecclesiae Cavensi perpetuo pariter adjicimus atque adjungimus."
  12. ↑ Bullarii Romani continuatio Tomus 15, p. 7 column 1, "Articulus XXVIII".
  13. ↑ In its decree Christus Dominus, section 22, it stated: "Concerning diocesan boundaries, therefore, this sacred synod decrees that, to the extent required by the good of souls, a fitting revision of diocesan boundaries be undertaken prudently and as soon as possible. This can be done by dividing dismembering or uniting them, or by changing their boundaries, or by determining a better place for the episcopal see or, finally, especially in the case of dioceses having larger cities, by providing them with a new internal organization.... At the same time the natural population units of people, together with the civil jurisdictions and social institutions that compose their organic structure, should be preserved as far as possible as units. For this reason, obviously, the territory of each diocese should be continuous."
  14. ↑ Acta Apostolicae Sedis 79 (Città del Vaticano 1987), pp. 758-761.
  15. ↑ Gams, p. 920, col. 1.
  16. ↑ Joannes died on 21 October 1168, according to the Necrology of Matthew of Salerno. Kehr VIII, p. 303.
  17. ↑ Bishop Joannes was present at the Third Lateran Council of Pope Alexander III in March 1179.
  18. ↑ Unfridus: Normandia, p. 161.
  19. ↑ Tipaldus: Normandie, p. 162.
  20. ↑ Gams, p. 920. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica I, p. 436.
  21. ↑ Joannes (III): Normandie, p. 162.
  22. ↑ Angelo was appointed by Pope Innocent IV on 24 November 1254. Eubel I, p. 436.
  23. ↑ Normandie, pp. 164-165.
  24. ↑ Normandie, p. 165.
  25. ↑ Regestum Clementis Papae V, (in Latin), annus sextus (Roma: Typographia Vaticana 1887), p. 175-176, no. 6910. Eubel I, p. 436
  26. ↑ Ruggiero: The date is neither the date of Ruggiero's election, nor of his confirmation. It was the date on which Pope Clement V issued a mandate to investigate a disputed election. Normandie, pp. 165-166. Eubel I, p. 436.
  27. ↑ The Chapter of the cathedral had elected Antonio da Ancona, O.F.M., but he was rejected by Pope Clement V. Eubel I, p. 436 with note 4.
  28. ↑ Nicholas: Normandie, p. 166. Eubel I, p. 436.
  29. ↑ Franciscus was appointed by Pope John XXII on 13 March 1333. Normandie, pp. 165-166. Eubel I, p. 436. Eubel I, p. 436.
  30. ↑ Joannes Sicci: Normandie, p. 168.
  31. ↑ Joannes (V): Normandie, p. 168.
  32. ↑ Marcus had been Bishop of Bertinoro (1404–1418). Eubel I, pp. 146, 436.
  33. ↑ Andrea was appointed on 23 November 1439, by Pope Eugenius IV. Normandie, p. 169. Eubel II, p. 230.
  34. ↑ Leonardo had been the Auditor of Cardinal Giovanni Battista Zeno. He was appointed bishop of Sarno on 29 January 1470, by Pope Sixtus IV. He died in 1475. Normandie, p. 169. Eubel II, p. 230.
  35. ↑ A protonotary apostolic, Antonio was appointed by Pope Sixtus IV on 18 August 1475. Eubel II, p. 230.
  36. ↑ D'Estouteville was the son of Cardinal Guillaume d'Estouteville. He was appointed bishop of Sarno on 6 July 1496, at the age of 19. Consequently, the diocese was in the hands of an administrator. D'Estouteville died as bishop-elect in 1501. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica II, p. 166 with notes 3 and 4.
  37. ↑ Maccafano had been Bishop of Orte e Cività Castellana from 24 September 1498. He was transferred to the diocese of Sarno by Pope Alexander VI on 16 August 1501. Eubel II, p. 166 with note 7 and p. 230; III, p. 293 note 2.
  38. ↑ Remolino, who was already Bishop of Fermo, was appointed by Pope Leo X on 22 June 1513. He resigned on the appointment of a new bishop on 11 February 1517. He died on 5 February 1518. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica III, p. 8, no. 38; p. 293.
  39. ↑ Platamone was a priest of the diocese of Syracuse, a Doctor in utroque iure, and a papal chamberlain. He was named bishop of Sarno on 11 February 1517. He was appointed Bishop of Siracusa (Sicily) by Pope Leo X on 18 February 1518. He died on 30 May 1540. Eubel III, pp. 293, 307.
  40. ↑ Passerini, who did not become a bishop until 1521, was appointed administrator of the diocese of Sarno on 18 February 1518, and resigned on 20 June 1519. He died in Rome in 1529. Eubel III, pp. 16, no. 24; 293.
  41. ↑ Bertrand: Gams, p. 920. Eubel III, p. 293.
  42. ↑ Passerini died in 1529. His successor was appointed on 24 May 1529. Eubel III, p. 293.
  43. ↑ Palmieri was appointed administrator on 24 May 1529. He resigned on 24 August 1530. Eubel III, p. 293.
  44. ↑ Colonna was appointed on 24 August 1530. He died on 28 June 1530. Eubel III, pp. 15-16, no. 18; 293.
  45. ↑ Fra Vincenzo (Sena) da Ceprano had been Inquisitor of Cremona, and then assistant to the Magister Sacrii Palatii of Pope Gregory XIII. He died in Naples on 10 January 1578. Ughelli, pp. 580-581. Gio. Michele Cavalieri, Galleria de'Sommi Pontefici, patriarchi, arcivescovi, e vescovi dell'ordine de'Predicatori, (in Italian) vol. 1 (Benevento: Stamperia arcivescovale 1696), pp. 455-456. Normandia, pp. 93; pp. 177-178. Rivista storica italiana vol. 100 (1988), p. 120. Eubel III, p. 293.
  46. ↑ Fusco: Normandia, pp. 178-179.
  47. ↑ A native of Fermo, and a papal Referendary, he had been titular archbishop of Epidauros (Greece), according to Normandia, or of Ragusa (Croatia), according to Eubel. He was appointed bishop of Sarno on 8 August 1583, by Pope Gregory XIII. Between 1587 and 1590, he was papal nuncio to Venice. In 1590, he was governor of Rome during the conclave. In 1594, Matteucci was appointed Bishop of Viterbo e Tuscania on 5 December 1594, and granted the personal title of archbishop. He died on 20 January 1609. Henry Biaudet, Les nonciatures permanentes jusqu' en 1648, (in French) (Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemie 1910), p. 273. Eubel III, p. 281 with note 16; 293; 336.
  48. ↑ Castelblanco was born in Naples, of a family with Spanish origins. He held a doctorate in theology. He was appointed bishop of Sarno by Pope Paul V on 22 October 1618. Normandia says he died in Naples on 21 October 1657. Normandia, pp. 180-182, very confused. Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 306 with note 3.
  49. ↑ Pironti died on 12 August 1673 in Naples. Ritzler & Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 345, note 2.
  50. ↑ De Tura: Ritzler & Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 345 with note 3.
  51. ↑ De Novellis: Normandia, pp. 185-186 Ritzler & Sefrin VI, p. 368 with note 2.
  52. ↑ Pirelli: Normandia, pp. 185-186 Ritzler & Sefrin VI, p. 368 with note 3.
  53. ↑ A native of Marsi, Potenza was a Doctor in utroque iure (JUD) from the Sapienza (Rome), and was Archdeacon of the Marsi. He was subsequently Vicar-general of Aversa, Satriano e Campania, and then Agrigento. He had been Bishop of Ariano (1778–1792). He was named bishop of Sarno on 26 March 1792. He reformed the seminary and redecorated the cathedral. He died on 1 September 1811. Normandia, pp. 186-187 Ritzler & Sefrin VI, pp. 100 with note 4; 368 with note 4.

Sources

Reference Works

Studies

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