Cavanillesia platanifolia

Cavanillesia platanifolia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Embryophytes
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Cavanillesia
Species:
C. platanifolia
Binomial name
Cavanillesia platanifolia
Synonyms[3]
  • Pourretia platanifolia Humb. & Bonpl.[2]

Cavanillesia platanifolia, known as pijio, bongo, pretino, petrino, cuipo, hameli or hamelí in Spanish[2][1] or macondo,[4] is a flowering plant species in the family Malvaceae.[2] It grows in lowland rainforests in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.[2][1]

The tree grows to 45–60 metres (148–197 feet) in height, with leaves only near the top for one month a year. Its reddish-gray bark has characteristic rings along the entire trunk. The roots are orangish-brown.[5]

A root fragment can be cut off and cleaned (while kept horizontal) then tipped to pour water, which has a taste of potatoes.[5] Rope can be made from the inner bark of branches and saplings.[5]

The extremely soft wood, along with balsa wood, is one of the softest woods according to the Janka hardness test.

Historical uses

During World War II, Cavanillesia platanifolia was explored as an alternative to balsa wood, which was used in the construction of the British warplane De Havilland Mosquito. Since balsa wood only grew in Ecuador, it's supply was of particular concern as it was feared that demand would exceed the supply needed for the mass production of Mosquitoes. The British sent an agent to explore Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama, and while doing so, discovered that possible substitute for balsa (Cavanillesia platanifolia) could be found in found in the Darién Province of Panama, called cuipo.[6] Samples were sent to de Havilland who used them to construct an experimental fuselage which testing proved that it met the required standard. This led to a local workforce being hired and trained and a sawmill established by 1942 on an island in the Tuira River.[6]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Mitré, M. (1998). "Cavanillesia platanifolia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1998 e.T34748A9887161. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T34748A9887161.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Cavanillesia platanifolia (Humb. & Bonpl.) Kunth". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
  3. ↑ "The Plant List: A Working List of all Plant Species".
  4. ↑ Peixoto, Aristeu Mendes; de Toledo, Francisco Ferraz (1995). Enciclopédia Agrícola Brasileira: I-M Vol. 4. EdUSP. pp. 346–. ISBN 978-85-314-0719-2. Retrieved 23 March 2013.
  5. 1 2 3 The Complete Guide to Edible Wild Plants. United States Department of the Army. New York: Skyhorse Publishing. 2009. p. 48. ISBN 978-1-60239-692-0. OCLC 277203364.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  6. 1 2 Cite error: The named reference White, pp. 64-66. was invoked but never defined (see the help page).


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