CD−35 2722
| Observation data Epoch J2000.0 Equinox ICRS | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Columba[1] |
| Right ascension | 06h 09m 19.208s[2] |
| Declination | −35° 49′ 31.07″[2] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 11.083±0.07[3] |
| Characteristics | |
| Evolutionary stage | Red dwarf + Brown dwarf |
| Spectral type | M1Ve + L4±1[4] |
| Variable type | T Tauri[5] |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | +31.21±0.68[2] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: −3.605(14) mas/yr[2] Dec.: −56.077(15) mas/yr[2] |
| Parallax (π) | 44.7203±0.0128 mas[2] |
| Distance | 72.93 ± 0.02 ly (22.361 ± 0.006 pc) |
| Orbit[6] | |
| Name | CD−35 2722B |
| Period (P) | 1240+330 −290 yr |
| Semi-major axis (a) | 101+15 −14 AU |
| Eccentricity (e) | 0.772+0.049 −0.051 |
| Inclination (i) | 141+11 −7° |
| Longitude of the node (Ω) | 259.6+3.4 −7.4° |
| Argument of periastron (ω) (secondary) | 142.2+7.6 −6.6° |
| Details | |
| A | |
| Mass | 0.40±0.05[4] M☉ |
| Radius | 0.559±0.016[7] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.054[7] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 4.24±0.50[8] cgs |
| Temperature | 3680±100[4] K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.04±0.05[4] dex |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 11.95±0.05[8] km/s |
| Age | 100±50[4] Myr |
| B | |
| Mass | 29.5+5.1 −4.3[8] MJup |
| Radius | 1.55+0.05 −0.06[8] RJup |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 4.5±0.5[4] cgs |
| Temperature | 1700–1900[4] K |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 9.58+0.25 −0.24[8] km/s |
| Age | 100±50[4] Myr |
| Other designations | |
| CD−35 2722, PM J06093-3549, TIC 201426753, TYC 7084-794-1, GSC 07084-00794, 2MASS J06091922-3549311, DENIS J060919.2-354931[9] | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | A |
| B | |
| Exoplanet Archive | data |
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CD−35 2722 is a star system located in the constellation of Columba.[10] The system consists of a red dwarf star orbited by a brown dwarf companion, discovered via direct imaging in 2011.[4] The presence of a Jupiter-mass exosatellite orbiting the brown dwarf has been suspected since 2026.[11][12] The system is a member of the AB Doradus moving group.[4]
Brown dwarf
In 2011, a brown dwarf designated CD−35 2722B was detected at a projected separation of 3.137″±0.005″ from the star.[4] At a distance of 21.3±1.4 pc, this corresponds to a projected distance of 67±4 au.[4] The mass was originally estimated at 31±8 MJ[4], other estimates suggest 37.29±2.18 MJ[13] or 29.5+5.1
−4.3 MJ[8]. The temperature is in the range 1700–1900 K and the spectral type is L4±1[4]. The chemical composition of the brown dwarf matches closely that of its host star, which may indicate that it formed by gravitational instability rather than core accretion.[8]
The orbit has not been fully constrained but it appears to have a very high eccentricity, exceeding 0.9.[11]
Candidate satellite
In 2026, radial-velocity monitoring of CD−35 2722B with the CRIRES+ spectrograph on ESO’s Very Large Telescope provided strong evidence for at least one planetary-mass satellite orbiting CD−35 2722B.[12] Radial velocity data from VLT/CRIRES+ revealed a candidate satellite orbiting CD−35 2722 B. The candidate has a minimum mass of 0.918 MJ and an orbital period of 171 days.[11]
A two-satellite model fits the radial velocity data equally well; in this model, the second satellite would have a minimum mass of 0.2 MJ and orbit with an 87-day period. However, this two-satellite configuration is highly unstable and would likely result in one of the satellites being ejected within 500 years, making the one-satellite model more likely and preferred.[11]
The suspected satellite orbits a brown dwarf rather than a planet. Astronomers are unsure whether to label the unconfirmed object a "moon," as a "moon" is generally defined as orbiting a planet.[12][14]
| Companion (in order from star) |
Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) |
Orbital period (days) |
Eccentricity | Inclination (°) |
Radius |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (unconfirmed) | ≥0.918+0.011 −0.045 MJ |
0.200+0.001 −0.004 |
171.112+0.525 −0.363 |
0.269+0.013 −0.037 |
— | — |
See also
References
- ↑ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a constellation from a position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 99 (617): 695. Bibcode:1987PASP...99..695R. doi:10.1086/132034. Constellation record for this object at VizieR.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
- ↑ Kiraga, M. (2012-04-17), "ASAS photometry of ROSAT sources I. Periodic variable stars coincident with bright sources from ROSAT all sky survey", Acta Astronomica, 62 (1): 67, arXiv:1204.3825, Bibcode:2012AcA....62...67K
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Wahhaj, Zahed; Liu, Michael C.; Biller, Beth A.; Clarke, Fraser; Nielsen, Eric L.; Close, Laird M.; Hayward, Thomas L.; Mamajek, Eric E.; Cushing, Michael; Dupuy, Trent; Tecza, Matthias; Thatte, Niranjan; Chun, Mark; Ftaclas, Christ; Hartung, Markus (2011-03-10). "THE GEMINI NICI PLANET-FINDING CAMPAIGN: DISCOVERY OF A SUBSTELLAR L DWARF COMPANION TO THE NEARBY YOUNG M DWARF CD–35 2722". The Astrophysical Journal. 729 (2): 139. arXiv:1101.2893. Bibcode:2011ApJ...729..139W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/729/2/139. ISSN 0004-637X.
- ↑ "VSX : Detail for ASAS J060919-3549.5". vsx.aavso.org. Retrieved 2026-07-26.
- ↑ Bernardi, Andrea; Zurlo, Alice; Lazzoni, Cecilia; Desidera, Silvano; Mesa, Dino; Pérez, Sebastian; Nogueira, Pedro Henrique; Barbato, Domenico; Dasgupta, Anuroop (2026-07-15). "SaNDi-SHoP: Searching for Satellites'N'Disks with a Star-Hopping Program II. Spectrophotometric analysis and orbital monitoring of directly imaged companions". arXiv:2607.13545 [astro-ph.EP]. Designation used for the system is TYC 7084-794-1.
- 1 2 Stassun, Keivan G.; Oelkers, Ryan J.; Paegert, Martin; Torres, Guillermo; Pepper, Joshua; Lee, Nathan De; Collins, Kevin; Latham, David W.; Muirhead, Philip S.; Chittidi, Jay; Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara; Fleming, Scott W.; Rose, Mark E.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Ting, Eric B. (2019-10-01). "The Revised TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (4): 138. arXiv:1905.10694. Bibcode:2019AJ....158..138S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3467. ISSN 0004-6256.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Wang, Gavin; Xuan, Jerry W.; Picos, Darío González; Zhang 张, Zhoujian 周健; Zhang, Yapeng; Mawet, Dimitri; Hsu, Chih-Chun; Wang 王, Jason J. 劲飞; Blake, Geoffrey A.; Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste; Horstman, Katelyn; Sappey, Ben; Xin, Yinzi; Finnerty, Luke; Echeverri, Daniel (2026-02-01). "Chemical and Isotopic Homogeneity between the L Dwarf CD-35 2722 B and Its Early M Host Star". The Astrophysical Journal. 997 (2): 195. arXiv:2511.19588. Bibcode:2026ApJ...997..195W. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae232f. ISSN 0004-637X.
- ↑ "CD-35 2722". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2026-07-26.
- ↑ "CD-35 2722 | NASA Exoplanet Archive". exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2026-07-26.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Hoy, Kevin; Zurlo, Alice; Peña R, Pablo A.; Köhler, Jana; Desidera, Silvano; Gratton, Raffaele; Lazzoni, Cecilia; Petrus, Simon; Rodler, Florian; Smoker, Jonathan; D’Orazi, Valentina; Carleo, Ilaria; Giovannini, Ilaria (2026). "Planetary-mass exosatellite detected around the substellar companion of a star" (PDF). Nature. 655 (8124): 865–869. arXiv:2607.05193. Bibcode:2026Natur.655..865H. doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10751-w. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 42487037. Note that the arXiv preprint differs from the published paper.
- 1 2 3 Hoy, Kevin; Zurlo, Alice; Ferreira, Bárbara (22 July 2026). "New 'exomoon' detection challenges cosmic labels". www.eso.org. Retrieved 2026-07-26.
- ↑ Gratton, R.; Bonavita, M.; Mesa, D.; Zurlo, A.; Marino, S.; Desidera, S.; D'Orazi, V.; Riglicao, E.; Squicciarini, V.; Nogueira, P.H. (2024). "Implications of the discovery of AF Lep b. The mass-luminosity relation for planets in the β Pic Moving Group and the L-T transition for young companions and free-floating planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 684 A69. arXiv:2402.09067. Bibcode:2024A&A...684A..69G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348012.
- ↑ "Pluto Got Demoted 20 Years Ago. We're Still Not Sure What a Planet Really Is". Science. 2026-08-24. Retrieved 2026-08-24.
External links
Media related to CD-35 2722 at Wikimedia Commons
