Buka Buka Island
Pulau Bukabuka | |
|---|---|
 Buka Buka Island in 2022 | |
  Buka Buka Island Location within Indonesia | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Southeast Asia |
| Coordinates | 0°44′38″S 121°45′44″E / 0.74389°S 121.76222°E |
| Archipelago | Togian Islands |
| Adjacent to | Molucca Sea |
| Area | 1.6 km2 (0.62 sq mi) |
| Width | 2 km (1.2 mi) |
| Highest elevation | 132 m (433 ft) |
| Administration | |
| Province | Central Sulawesi |
| Regency | Tojo Una-Una Regency |
| District | Ampana Tete |
Buka Buka Island (Indonesian: Pulau Bukabuka) is a 160-hectare (400-acre) island in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Administratively, the island belongs to Tete B village in Ampana Tete district, Tojo Una-Una Regency, although the village settlement itself is located on mainland Sulawesi.[1]
The island is located about 7 miles (11 km) northeast of Tanjung Api. It rises to an elevation of 433 feet (132 m) and is surrounded by coastal waters in the Maluku Sea.[2]
Geography
Buka Buka Island has an area of approximately 160 hectares (400 acres) and is about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) wide.[1] Around two-thirds of the island's land area consists of coconut plantations, while approximately one-third retains forest cover.
The island has white-sand beaches and is surrounded by coastal ecosystems including coral reefs and seagrass beds.[1][3]
Fresh water has historically been scarce. People working on the island traditionally had to walk through the interior to collect water, while water was also transported from the mainland during the early development of tourism facilities.[4]
Although the island is geographically associated with the Togian Islands, it lies outside the administrative boundary of Kepulauan Togean National Park. It forms part of the wider Togean Tojo Una-Una Biosphere Reserve, which was designated by UNESCO in 2019.[5]
There is no traditional village settlement on the island; the settlement of Tete B is situated on mainland Sulawesi.
Economy
The island's economy is primarily associated with coconut cultivation, copra production, fishing and tourism. Coconut plantations occupy much of the island and are worked by farmers travelling from nearby mainland communities.
One resort, Reconnect, operates on the island. The resort is managed by Thomas Despin and began developing tourism infrastructure on Buka Buka before 2020.[1] Tourism provides employment and creates demand for locally supplied goods, including fish purchased from traditional fishermen.[1]
Visitor access is by private boat from Tete B. Boats operated or arranged by Reconnect run on request rather than according to a fixed public schedule.[6]
During the early development of the resort, fresh water was imported from the mainland. A desalination system and solar-powered electricity infrastructure were subsequently installed.[1] Water and electricity are also made available to fishermen and farmers working on the island.[7]
Environmental issues and conservation
In 2022, local authorities, community representatives and tourism operators discussed environmental issues affecting Buka Buka Island, including damage to coral reefs, marine waste and the capture of sea turtles.[3]
The discussions included proposals for coral transplantation, improved management of boat and community access across reef areas, the construction of infrastructure intended to reduce damage to reefs and the possible creation of a conservation area.[3]
Coral reef restoration and reforestation activities have also been undertaken on parts of the island.
Flora and fauna
Buka Buka Island supports both terrestrial and marine fauna. Historical records identify the island as one of the recorded locations for Etrumeus albulina, a species of round herring,[8] and as part of the recorded range of Pinjalo pinjalo, a species of snapper.[9]
The island is also included in historical distribution records for Acanthurus pyroferus, a species of surgeonfish,[10] and Callyodon oviceps, a parrotfish documented by de Beaufort in 1910.[11]
Sea turtles occur in the waters around the island, and their capture has been identified as a local conservation concern.[3]
Terrestrial fauna observed on the island include the Sulawesi bear cuscus (Ailurops ursinus), the coconut crab (Birgus latro), the reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) and the Togian water monitor (Varanus togianus).
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Susanto, Heri (20 March 2022). "Ada Surga Bernama Pulau Bukabuka di Tojo Una-una". Liputan 6 (in Indonesian). Retrieved 14 June 2026.
- ↑ Sailing Directions for Java: Lesser Sundas, South, Southeast, and East Coasts of Borneo, and Celebes: Excludes Western End of Java Between Tandjung Tjankuang and Udjung Krawang (5th ed.). Defense Mapping Agency Hydrographic Center. 1976. p. 457.
- 1 2 3 4 Hulungo, Saiful (25 May 2022). "Mulai Dikenal, Sayangnya Terumbu Karang Pulau Buka Buka Tojo Unauna Rusak Parah". Kabar Selebes (in Indonesian). Retrieved 14 June 2026.
- ↑ ACCESS Newswire (1 January 2020). "Thomas Despin is Transforming the Buka Buka Island with His Latest Venture Reconnect". Yahoo Finance. Archived from the original on 27 November 2024. Retrieved 16 July 2025.
- ↑ "Togean Tojo Una-Una". UNESCO. Retrieved 14 June 2026.
- ↑ "How to Get to Buka Buka Island". Reconnect. Retrieved 14 June 2026.
- ↑ Despin, Thomas (9 November 2024). "Sustainable Fresh Water Solutions on Buka Buka Island: How Reconnect Transformed Island Living". Reconnect. Archived from the original on 19 May 2025. Retrieved 15 July 2025.
- ↑ Galtsoff 1946, p. 61.
- ↑ Galtsoff 1946, p. 405.
- ↑ Galtsoff 1946, p. 541.
- ↑ Galtsoff 1946, p. 703.
Bibliography
- Galtsoff, Paul S. (1946). Research Report 11: Reaction of Oysters to Chlorination. United States Government Publishing Office.