Barnard (lunar crater)

Barnard
Oblique Apollo 15 image, facing south
Coordinates29°30′S 85°36′E / 29.5°S 85.6°E / -29.5; 85.6
Diameter115.73 km (71.91 mi)[1]
DepthUnknown
Colongitude276° at sunrise
EponymEdward E. Barnard
View from Apollo 15

Barnard is a lunar impact crater that is located near the eastern limb of the Moon. It is attached to the southeast rim of the large crater Humboldt,[2] and Abel lies directly to the south.[3] To the northeast is the crater Curie, while to the southeast is the Mare Australe.

The formation has been reshaped and distorted by nearby impacts. The interior is irregular, with an intrusion into the southwest rim and rugged formations particularly in the southern half. A matched pair of small craterlets lies near the center of the interior floor. The satellite craters Barnard A and B are attached to the southwest crater rim exterior.[4]: 99 

This crater is named after American astronomer Edward E. Barnard (1857–1923), the discoverer of Barnard's Star in 1916.[5] The name was introduced into lunar nomenclature by David W. G. Arthur and Ewen Whitaker with the Rectified Lunar Atlas (1963).[6][7] Its designation was formally adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 1964.[1]

Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Barnard.[8]

Barnard[4]: 292  Latitude Longitude Diameter
A 31.8° S 84.5° E 13 km
D 31.4° S 89.3° E 47 km

Barbard D has been flooded by Mare Australe.[9]

References

  1. 1 2 "Barnard". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. USGS Astrogeology Research Program.
  2. ↑ Grego, Peter (2005). The Moon and How to Observe It. Astronomers' Observing Guides Series. London: Springer-Verlag. p. 219. ISBN 1-85233-748-6.
  3. ↑ "LAC 99" (PDF). Gazeteer of Planetary Nomenclature. Retrieved 2026-05-31.
  4. 1 2 Bussey, B.; Spudis, P. (2004). The Clementine Atlas of the Moon. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81528-4.
  5. ↑ Menzel, D. H.; et al. (1971). "Report on Lunar Nomenclature by the Working Group of Commission 17 of the IAU". Space Science Reviews. 12 (2): 136–186. Bibcode:1971SSRv...12..136M. doi:10.1007/BF00171763. S2CID 122125855. See p. 181.
  6. ↑ Whitaker, E. A.; et al. (1963). Rectified Lunar Atlas: Supplement No. 2 to the Photographic Lunar Atlas. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. Retrieved 2026-06-01. See Field 27.
  7. ↑ Whitaker, Ewen A. (1999). Mapping and Naming the Moon. Cambridge University Press. p. 234. ISBN 978-0-521-62248-6.
  8. ↑ Grego, P. (2015). "Satellite Crater". In Hargitai, H.; Kereszturi, Á. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms. New York, NY: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3134-3_328.
  9. ↑ Byrne, Charles J. (2008). The Far Side of the Moon. Springer. p. 36. ISBN 978-1-4899-8806-5.

Sources

  • Price, Fred W. (1988). The Moon Observer's Handbook. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-33500-3.
  • Rükl, Antonín (1990). Atlas of the Moon. Kalmbach Books. ISBN 978-0-913135-17-4.
  • Wlasuk, Peter T. (2000). Observing the Moon. Springer. ISBN 978-1-85233-193-1.
  • Wikimedia Commons logo Media related to Barnard (lunar crater) at Wikimedia Commons
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