(523671) 2013 FZ27

(523671) 2013 FZ27
Discovery[1]
Discovered byScott Sheppard
Chad Trujillo
Discovery siteCerro Tololo (807)
Discovery date16 March 2013
Designations
TNO[2] · distant[3]
other TNO[4]
Orbital characteristics[2]
Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
Uncertainty parameter 1
Observation arc17.07 yr (6,234 d)
Earliest precovery date20 February 2001
Aphelion58.713 AU
Perihelion37.574 AU
48.143 AU
Eccentricity0.2196
334.05 yr (122,013 d)
282.75°
0° 0m 10.8s / day
Inclination14.059°
285.22°
341.93°
Known satellites0
Physical characteristics
561 km (est.)[5]
584 km[4]
335–748 km (calculated, using H=4.5 and albedo = 0.25 ~ 0.05)[6]
0.09 (est.)[4][5]
4.24[2]
4.6[5]

(523671) 2013 FZ27 is a trans-Neptunian object located in the Kuiper belt in the outermost region of the Solar System, approximately 570 kilometers (350 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 16 March 2013, by American astronomers Scott Sheppard and Chad Trujillo at the CTIO in Chile.

2013 FZ27 has not yet been imaged by high-resolution telescopes, so it has no known moons. The Hubble Space Telescope is planned to image it in 2026, which should determine if it has significantly sized moons.[7]

Numbering and naming

This minor planet was numbered by the Minor Planet Center on 25 September 2018 (M.P.C. 111778).[8] It was given the wrong discovery credit in the initial MPC Circular, and the MPC issued an Errata on 6 April 2019 on MPC 112429 correcting the mistake and giving credit to Scott S. Sheppard and Chad Trujillo. As of June 2025, it has not been named.[3]

Observations

2013 FZ27 was announced on 2 April 2014, when American astronomers Scott Sheppard and Chad Trujillo at the CTIO in Chile published their observations in a Minor Planet Electronic Circular. At the time the object was at 49 AU from the Sun and had an apparent magnitude of 21.1.[1]

2013 FZ27's observation arc begins with a precovery taken by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey on 20 February 2001, over 10 years before its discovery observation at Cerro Tololo. The Pan-STARRS-1 survey at the Haleakala Observatory also found precovery observations.[3]

Orbit and classification

2013 FZ27 is a trans-Neptunian object (TNO),[9] located beyond the orbit of Neptune (30.1 AU). Johnston's Archive classifies it as an unspecific "other TNO", meaning that the minor planet is neither a resonant nor a classical TNO.[4] Taking the mean of the two magnitudes, and using the standard 0.25 ~ 0.05 range for minor planets of unknown albedo, a wide 335-to-748 km spread can be estimated for the diameter.[6]

2013 FZ27 orbits the Sun at a distance of 37.6–58.7 AU once every 334 years and 1 month (122,013 days; semi-major axis of 48.14 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.22 and an inclination of 14° with respect to the ecliptic.[2]

Physical characteristics

Diameter and albedo

According to Michael Brown and Johnston's Archive, 2013 FZ27 measures 561 and 584 kilometers in diameter, based on an absolute magnitude of 4.6 and 4.4[a] respectively. Both sources assume a standard albedo of 0.09 for the body's surface.[4][5] As of 2018, no physical characteristics have been determined from photometric observations. The body's rotation period, pole and shape remain unknown.[2][10][11]

Based on its size of 561 and 584 kilometers,[4][5] it most likely belongs to the proposed class of "mid-sized" TNOs between 400 and 1,000 km (250 and 620 mi) in diameter, which are believed to represent the transition between small, low-density TNOs and large, high-density dwarf planets.[12][13]: 1  Planetary scientists have hypothesized that mid-sized TNOs should have highly porous and unheated interiors, because TNOs in this size range (namely Uni and Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà) have been found to have low densities around 1 g/cm3.[12]

Notes

  1. ↑ assuming the JA uses JPL/MPC data as seems to be the general case; the estimate correlates with a generic mathematical derivation

References

  1. 1 2 "MPEC 2014-G07 : 2013 FZ27". Minor Planet Electronic Circular – Minor Planet Center. 2 April 2014. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 523671 (2013 FZ27)" (2018-03-17 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
  3. 1 2 3 "523671 (2013 FZ27)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Johnston, Wm. Robert (30 September 2018). "List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects". Johnston's Archive. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Brown, Michael E. "How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system?". California Institute of Technology. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
  6. 1 2 Dan Bruton. "Conversion of Absolute Magnitude to Diameter for Minor Planets". Stephen F. Austin State University, College of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Physics, Engineering and Astronomy. Archived from the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
  7. ↑ Proudfoot, Benjamin (August 2025). "A Search For The Moons of Mid-Sized TNOs". Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes. Space Telescope Science Institute: HST Proposal 18010. Cycle 33. Retrieved 17 August 2025.
  8. ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
  9. ↑ "List Of Transneptunian Objects". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
  10. ↑ "MinorPlanet.info: One Asteroid Information". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 7 October 2018. Search using Number = "523671"
  11. ↑ "Asteroid (523671) 2013 FZ27". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
  12. 1 2 Grundy, W. M.; Noll, K. S.; Buie, M. W.; Benecchi, S. D.; Ragozzine, D.; Roe, H. G. (December 2019). "The Mutual Orbit, Mass, and Density of Transneptunian Binary Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà ((229762) 2007 UK126)" (PDF). Icarus. 334: 30–38. Bibcode:2019Icar..334...30G. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2018.12.037. S2CID 126574999. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 April 2019. Retrieved 2 May 2026.
  13. ↑ Sheppard, Scott; Fernandez, Yanga; Moullet, Arielle (6 September 2018). "The Albedos, Sizes, Colors and Satellites of Dwarf Planets Compared with Newly Measured Dwarf Planet 2013 FY27". The Astronomical Journal. 156 (6): 270. arXiv:1809.02184. Bibcode:2018AJ....156..270S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aae92a. S2CID 119522310.
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